RPM or DNF commands fail with "database or disk is full"

Issue

• When running RPM or DNF commands (such as rpm --rebuilddb, rpm -ev, or dnf update), the operation fails with one of the following error messages:

  error: sqlite failure: CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS 'Basenames_key_idx' ON 'Basenames'(key ASC): database or disk is full
  error: cannot open Basenames index using sqlite - No such file or directory (2)
  error: cannot open Packages database in /var/lib/rpm
  

  error: DELETE FROM 'Basenames' WHERE hnum=?: 13: database or disk is full
  error: sqlite failure: RELEASE 'Basenames': no such savepoint: Basenames
  error: sqlite failure: RELEASE 'rwlock': no such savepoint: rwlock
  

• Running sqlite3 /var/lib/rpm/rpmdb.sqlite "VACUUM;" returns a similar error:

  # sqlite3 /var/lib/rpm/rpmdb.sqlite "VACUUM;"
  Error: database or disk is full