What causes stale NFS file handles?

Solution Verified - Updated 2024-08-07T07:25:44+00:00 -

Issue

Clients mounting NFS filesystems report stale file handles.
What are some causes of stale file handles and how can they be prevented?
I am seeing application logs stating read or write operations on an NFS file, or operations on an NFS directory, complete with errno = 116 (ESTALE).
Change the file id size from 64-bits to 32-bits in NFS Server, there is stale file handle error and below messages in /var/log/messages:
```
kernel: NFS: server lhub.nas error: fileid changed
kernel: fsid 0:13: expected fileid 0x1015734f5, got 0x15734f5
```

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