CVE-2026-80205
Description
A flaw was found in NLTK. A remote attacker can exploit a regular expression denial of service (ReDoS) vulnerability in the Text.findall() and TokenSearcher.findall() methods. These methods accept user-supplied regular expressions without validation, allowing an attacker to provide crafted patterns that cause catastrophic backtracking. This can lead to indefinite CPU saturation, resulting in a denial of service to all users of the Python process.
Statement
A Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) vulnerability was identified in NLTK's Text.findall() and TokenSearcher.findall() methods. The functions process unvalidated, user-supplied regular expressions without evaluation timeouts. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this by supplying a specially crafted regex pattern designed to trigger catastrophic backtracking. This causes CPU resource exhaustion within the hosting Python process context, leading to a denial-of-service condition for all dependent services running within that execution environment.
Mitigation
Sanitize all untrusted input passed to `Text.findall()` or `TokenSearcher.findall()` to prevent execution of arbitrary or unvalidated regular expressions, or enforce execution timeouts via worker process isolation to bound CPU consumption.
Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) Score Details
Info alert:Important note
CVSS scores for open source components depend on vendor-specific factors (e.g. version or build chain). Therefore, Red Hat's score and impact rating can be different from NVD and other vendors. Red Hat remains the authoritative CVE Naming Authority (CNA) source for its products and services (see Red Hat classifications).
The following CVSS metrics and score provided are preliminary and subject to review.
CVSS v3 Score Breakdown
| Red Hat | NVD | cve.org | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Base Score | 7.5 | N/A | 7.5 |
| Attack Vector | Network | N/A | Network |
| Attack Complexity | Low | N/A | Low |
| Privileges Required | None | N/A | None |
| User Interaction | None | N/A | None |
| Scope | Unchanged | N/A | Unchanged |
| Confidentiality | None | N/A | None |
| Integrity Impact | None | N/A | None |
| Availability Impact | High | N/A | High |
Vector
Red Hat: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
cve.org: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Understanding the Weakness (CWE)
Availability
Technical Impact: DoS: Resource Consumption (CPU)
Attackers can create crafted inputs that intentionally cause the regular expression to use excessive backtracking in a way that causes the CPU consumption to spike.
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