CVE-2026-74240
Description
A flaw was found in Red Hat Quay's JWT (JSON Web Token) validation for federated robot accounts and single sign-on (SSO) authentication. Multiple issues related to audience verification and the enforcement of azp and sub claims were identified. These flaws could allow an attacker with a validly-signed token from the same identity provider to bypass configured security restrictions. This bypass could lead to unauthorized access by circumventing intended audience, subject, or authorized-client limitations.
Statement
This Moderate impact flaw in Red Hat Quay allows an attacker with a validly-signed token from the same identity provider to bypass configured audience, subject, or authorized-client restrictions. This is due to default configurations for federated robot authentication not enforcing audience verification, and insufficient checks for 'azp' and 'sub' claims in certain scenarios. Exploitation requires a pre-existing valid token from the same IdP, limiting the attack surface.
Mitigation
To mitigate this issue, Red Hat Quay administrators should ensure that federated robot authentication is configured with specific audiences to enable 'verify_aud' enforcement. Additionally, review and update existing federation configurations to explicitly include and enforce 'azp' and 'sub' claims, preventing bypasses when these claims are absent. Refer to Red Hat Quay documentation for detailed configuration steps. A restart of affected Quay services may be required after configuration changes.
Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) Score Details
Info alert:Important note
CVSS scores for open source components depend on vendor-specific factors (e.g. version or build chain). Therefore, Red Hat's score and impact rating can be different from NVD and other vendors. Red Hat remains the authoritative CVE Naming Authority (CNA) source for its products and services (see Red Hat classifications).
The following CVSS metrics and score provided are preliminary and subject to review.
CVSS v3 Score Breakdown
| Red Hat | NVD | cve.org | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Base Score | 5.4 | N/A | 5.4 |
| Attack Vector | Network | N/A | Network |
| Attack Complexity | Low | N/A | Low |
| Privileges Required | Low | N/A | Low |
| User Interaction | None | N/A | None |
| Scope | Unchanged | N/A | Unchanged |
| Confidentiality | Low | N/A | Low |
| Integrity Impact | Low | N/A | Low |
| Availability Impact | None | N/A | None |
Vector
Red Hat: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
cve.org: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
Understanding the Weakness (CWE)
Integrity,Confidentiality,Availability,Access Control
Technical Impact: Read Application Data; Gain Privileges or Assume Identity; Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands
This weakness can lead to the exposure of resources or functionality to unintended actors, possibly providing attackers with sensitive information or even execute arbitrary code.
Acknowledgements
Red Hat would like to thank meifukun (https://github.com/meifukun) for reporting this issue.
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