CVE-2021-23440
Description
A type confusion vulnerability in nodejs-set-value can lead to a bypass of CVE-2019-10747. If the user-provided keys used in the path parameter are arrays, the function mixin-deep can be tricked into adding or modifying properties of Object.prototype using any of the constructor, prototype, or proto payloads. This vulnerability can impact data confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) Score Details
Info alert:Important note
CVSS scores for open source components depend on vendor-specific factors (e.g. version or build chain). Therefore, Red Hat's score and impact rating can be different from NVD and other vendors. Red Hat remains the authoritative CVE Naming Authority (CNA) source for its products and services (see Red Hat classifications).
CVSS v3 Score Breakdown
| Red Hat | NVD | cve.org | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Base Score | 7.3 | 9.8 | 7.3 |
| Attack Vector | Network | Network | Network |
| Attack Complexity | Low | Low | Low |
| Privileges Required | None | None | None |
| User Interaction | None | None | None |
| Scope | Unchanged | Unchanged | Unchanged |
| Confidentiality | Low | High | Low |
| Integrity Impact | Low | High | Low |
| Availability Impact | Low | High | Low |
Vector
Red Hat: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
NVD: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
cve.org: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
Red Hat CVSS v3 Score Explanation
With regards to CVE-2019-10747, Prototype pollution requires the user to have two things: 1. The ability to merge new methods into an existing object and 2. Knowledge of how those methods are being used within the application. It is possible to cause a DoS and an RCE but the attack is difficult to perform. Since the attacker can not control what information is read or modified, and neither can he determine if this will impact the availability of the environment, it is rated low.
Understanding the Weakness (CWE)
Availability,Integrity,Confidentiality
Technical Impact: Read Memory; Modify Memory; Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands; DoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart
When a memory buffer is accessed using the wrong type, it could read or write memory out of the bounds of the buffer, if the allocated buffer is smaller than the type that the code is attempting to access, leading to a crash and possibly code execution.
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