How can I use the yum output to solve yum dependency errors?

Issue

• I use a custom repository and get yum errors, how can I use the yum output to solve the problem?
• Yum refuses to update packages, reporting a dependency being required, but the dependency is already installed
• Yum update fails with a "missing dependency" error similar to the following:

Missing Dependency: package1 = 2:4.11 is needed by package 2:package2.i386 (rhel-i386-server-5)

or

Missing Dependency: /lib64/security/pam_loginuid.so is needed by package openssh-server-4.3p2-82.el5.x86_64 (installed)
Error: Missing Dependency: /lib64/security/pam_loginuid.so is needed by package openssh-server-4.3p2-82.el5.x86_64 (installed)

• Yum refuses to install an update because of an installed package whose dependencies the update would break :

Error: Package: libreport-2.0.9-19.el6.i686 (rhel-6-server-rpms)
           Requires: libreport-python = 2.0.9-19.el6
           Removing: libreport-python-2.0.9-19.el6.x86_64 (@anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLinux-201311111358.x86_64/6.5)
               libreport-python = 2.0.9-19.el6
           Updated By: libreport-python-2.0.9-19.0.1.el6.x86_64 (ol6_latest)
               libreport-python = 2.0.9-19.0.1.el6
           Available: libreport-python-2.0.5-20.el6.x86_64 (rhel-6-server-rpms)
               libreport-python = 2.0.5-20.el6
           Available: libreport-python-2.0.5-20.0.1.el6.x86_64 (ol6_latest)
               libreport-python = 2.0.5-20.0.1.el6
           Available: libreport-python-2.0.9-5.el6.x86_64 (rhel-6-server-rpms)
               libreport-python = 2.0.9-5.el6
           Available: libreport-python-2.0.9-5.el6_3.2.x86_64 (rhel-6-server-rpms)
               libreport-python = 2.0.9-5.el6_3.2
           Available: libreport-python-2.0.9-5.0.1.el6.x86_64 (ol6_latest)
               libreport-python = 2.0.9-5.0.1.el6
           Available: libreport-python-2.0.9-5.0.1.el6_3.2.x86_64 (ol6_latest)
               libreport-python = 2.0.9-5.0.1.el6_3.2
           Available: libreport-python-2.0.9-15.el6.x86_64 (rhel-6-server-rpms)
               libreport-python = 2.0.9-15.el6
           Available: libreport-python-2.0.9-15.el6_4.1.x86_64 (rhel-6-server-rpms)
               libreport-python = 2.0.9-15.el6_4.1
           Available: libreport-python-2.0.9-15.0.1.el6.x86_64 (ol6_latest)
               libreport-python = 2.0.9-15.0.1.el6
           Available: libreport-python-2.0.9-15.0.1.el6_4.1.x86_64 (ol6_latest)
               libreport-python = 2.0.9-15.0.1.el6_4.1

• Yum rejects a trasaction with a check error mentioning previously installed files being incompatible with new ones