xfs_repair fails with pwrite failed: Input/output error

Issue

• An XFS filesystem was corrupted, but xfs_repair cannot repair the filesystem with the following error.

  # xfs_repair <logical volume>
  ...
  xfs_repair: pwrite failed: Input/output error
  releasing dirty buffer (bulk) to free list!
  

  or

  # xfs_repair <logical volume>
  ...
  xfs_repair: pwrite failed: No space left on device
  releasing dirty buffer (bulk) to free list!
  

• In /var/log/messages we could see below errors:

  lvm[1446]: WARNING: Thin pool vg00-tpool0-tpool metadata is now 95.08% full.
  kernel: device-mapper: thin: 253:2: reached low water mark for metadata device: sending event.
  ...
  kernel: device-mapper: thin: No free metadata blocks
  kernel: device-mapper: thin: 253:2: switching pool to read-only mode