Why am I Receiving "Unexpected Failure During Module Execution" Error When Using parse_cli?

Issue

When executing a job in Ansible Tower, the job will fail on the parse_cli task with the following error:

IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory:

fatal: [tower.example.com]: FAILED! => {
    "failed": true, 
    "msg": "Unexpected failure during module execution.", 
    "stdout": ""
}

The job does not fail when running the playbook from the command-line.