LVM snapshot becomes invalid with warning "Snapshot changed state to: Invalid and should be removed"

Issue

• An LVM snapshot volume becomes invalid and cannot be activated or mounted.
• The following error messages are recorded in syslog or /var/log/messages:

  kernel: device-mapper: snapshots: Invalidating snapshot: Unable to allocate exception.
  lvm[1894]: WARNING: Snapshot rootvg-snap changed state to: Invalid and should be removed.

• During system boot or volume group activation, the kernel warns:

    kernel: device-mapper: snapshots: Snapshot is marked invalid.

• In the output of lvs, the snapshot volume displays an I (Invalid) flag in the attributes, and the data percentage shows 100.00:

 ssnap    rootvg        swi-I-s---  600.00m      optvol  100.00                                          /dev/sda2(12349
                            ^
 ssnap    rootvg        swi-I-s---  600.00m      optvol  100.00                                          /dev/sda2(13474 
                            ^