How to discover the MTU for a given path so as to avoid packet fragmentation.

Solution Verified - Updated -

Issue

Let's assume that there are machines A and B, not directly connected to each other, with several hops along the way from machine A to machine B.
The problem is how to discover the MTU along the way from A to B which is the maximal one
to avoid packet fragmentation along the way from A to B.

Environment

All RHEL versions.

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