1. Display a list of all subscriptions that are available for your system and determine the pool ID of a subscription that provides Red Hat Software Collections. To do so, type the following at a shell prompt as root:

   subscription-manager list --available

   For each available subscription, this command displays its name, unique identifier, expiration date, and other details related to it. The pool ID is listed on a line beginning with Pool Id.
2. Attach the appropriate subscription to your system by running the following command as root:

   subscription-manager attach --pool=pool_id

   Replace pool_id with the pool ID you determined in the previous step. To verify the list of subscriptions your system has currently attached, type as root:

   subscription-manager list --consumed

3. Display the list of available Yum list repositories to retrieve repository metadata and determine the exact name of the Red Hat Software Collections repositories. As root, type:

   subscription-manager repos --list

   Or alternatively, run yum repolist all for a brief list.
   The repository names depend on the specific version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux you are using and are in the following format:

   rhel-variant-rhscl-7-rpms
   rhel-variant-rhscl-7-debug-rpms
   rhel-variant-rhscl-7-source-rpms

   Replace variant with the Red Hat Enterprise Linux system variant, that is, server or workstation. Note that Red Hat Software Collections is supported neither on the Client nor on the ComputeNode variant.
4. Enable the appropriate repository by running the following command as root:

   subscription-manager repos --enable repository

1. Stop the rh-mariadb103 database server if it is still running.
   Before stopping the server, set the innodb_fast_shutdown option to 0, so that InnoDB performs a slow shutdown, including a full purge and insert buffer merge. Read more about this option in the upstream documentation. This operation can take a longer time than in case of a normal shutdown.

   mysql -uroot -p -e "SET GLOBAL innodb_fast_shutdown = 0"

   Stop the rh-mariadb103 server:

   systemctl stop rh-mariadb103-mariadb.service

2. Install the rh-mariadb105 Software Collection, including the subpackage providing the mysql_upgrade utility:

   yum install rh-mariadb105-mariadb-server rh-mariadb105-mariadb-server-utils

   Note that it is possible to install the rh-mariadb105 Software Collection while the rh-mariadb103 Software Collection is still installed because these Collections do not conflict.
3. Inspect configuration of rh-mariadb105, which is stored in the /etc/opt/rh/rh-mariadb105/my.cnf file and the /etc/opt/rh/rh-mariadb105/my.cnf.d/ directory. Compare it with configuration of rh-mariadb103 stored in /etc/opt/rh/rh-mariadb103/my.cnf and /etc/opt/rh/rh-mariadb103/my.cnf.d/ and adjust it if necessary.
4. All data of the rh-mariadb103 Software Collection is stored in the /var/opt/rh/rh-mariadb103/lib/mysql/ directory unless configured differently. Copy the whole content of this directory to /var/opt/rh/rh-mariadb105/lib/mysql/. You can move the content but remember to back up your data before you continue to upgrade. Make sure the data is owned by the mysql user and SELinux context is correct.
5. Start the rh-mariadb105 database server:

   systemctl start rh-mariadb105-mariadb.service

6. Perform the data migration. Note that running the mysql_upgrade command is required due to upstream changes introduced in MDEV-14637.

   scl enable rh-mariadb105 mysql_upgrade

   If the root user has a non-empty password defined (it should have a password defined), it is necessary to call the mysql_upgrade utility with the -p option and specify the password:

   scl enable rh-mariadb105 -- mysql_upgrade -p

   Note that when the rh-mariadb105*-syspaths packages are installed, the scl enable command is not required. However, the *-syspaths packages conflict with the corresponding packages from the base Red Hat Enterprise Linux system and from the rh-mariadb103 and rh-mysql80 Software Collections.

1. Install the rh-mysql80 Software Collection.

   yum install rh-mysql80-mysql-server

2. Inspect the configuration of rh-mysql80, which is stored in the /etc/opt/rh/rh-mysql80/my.cnf file and the /etc/opt/rh/rh-mysql80/my.cnf.d/ directory. Compare it with the configuration of rh-mysql57 stored in /etc/opt/rh/rh-mysql57/my.cnf and /etc/opt/rh/rh-mysql57/my.cnf.d/ and adjust it if necessary.
3. Stop the rh-mysql57 database server, if it is still running.

   systemctl stop rh-mysql57-mysqld.service

4. All data of the rh-mysql57 Software Collection is stored in the /var/opt/rh/rh-mysql57/lib/mysql/ directory. Copy the whole content of this directory to /var/opt/rh/rh-mysql80/lib/mysql/. You can also move the content but remember to back up your data before you continue to upgrade.
5. Start the rh-mysql80 database server.

   systemctl start rh-mysql80-mysqld.service

6. Perform the data migration.

   scl enable rh-mysql80 mysql_upgrade

   If the root user has a non-empty password defined (it should have a password defined), it is necessary to call the mysql_upgrade utility with the -p option and specify the password.

   scl enable rh-mysql80 -- mysql_upgrade -p

   Note that when the rh-mysql80*-syspaths packages are installed, the scl enable command is not required. However, the *-syspaths packages conflict with the corresponding packages from the base Red Hat Enterprise Linux system and from the rh-mariadb103 and rh-mariadb105 Software Collections.

Procedure 5.1. Fast Upgrade Using the pg_upgrade Tool

1. Stop the old PostgreSQL server to ensure that the data is not in an inconsistent state. To do so, type the following at a shell prompt as root:

   systemctl stop postgresql.service

   To verify that the server is not running, type:

   systemctl status postgresql.service

2. Verify that the old directory /var/lib/pgsql/data/ exists:

   file /var/lib/pgsql/data/

   and back up your data.
3. Verify that the new data directory /var/opt/rh/rh-postgresql13/lib/pgsql/data/ does not exist:

   file /var/opt/rh/rh-postgresql13/lib/pgsql/data/

   If you are running a fresh installation of PostgreSQL 13, this directory should not be present in your system. If it is, back it up by running the following command as root:

   mv /var/opt/rh/rh-postgresql13/lib/pgsql/data{,-scl-backup}

4. Upgrade the database data for the new server by running the following command as root:

   scl enable rh-postgresql13 -- postgresql-setup --upgrade

   Alternatively, you can use the /opt/rh/rh-postgresql13/root/usr/bin/postgresql-setup --upgrade command.
   Note that you can use the --upgrade-from option for upgrading from different versions of PostgreSQL. The list of possible upgrade scenarios is available using the --upgrade-ids option.
   It is recommended that you read the resulting /var/lib/pgsql/upgrade_rh-postgresql13-postgresql.log log file to find out if any problems occurred during the upgrade.
5. Start the new server as root:

   systemctl start rh-postgresql13-postgresql.service

   It is also advised that you run the analyze_new_cluster.sh script as follows:

   su - postgres -c 'scl enable rh-postgresql13 ~/analyze_new_cluster.sh'

6. Optionally, you can configure the PostgreSQL 13 server to start automatically at boot time. To disable the old system PostgreSQL server, type the following command as root:

   chkconfig postgresql off

   To enable the PostgreSQL 13 server, type as root:

   chkconfig rh-postgresql13-postgresql on

7. If your configuration differs from the default one, make sure to update configuration files, especially the /var/opt/rh/rh-postgresql13/lib/pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf configuration file. Otherwise only the postgres user will be allowed to access the database.

Procedure 5.2. Performing a Dump and Restore Upgrade

1. Ensure that the old PostgreSQL server is running by typing the following at a shell prompt as root:

   systemctl start postgresql.service

2. Dump all data in the PostgreSQL database into a script file. As root, type:

   su - postgres -c 'pg_dumpall > ~/pgdump_file.sql'

3. Stop the old server by running the following command as root:

   systemctl stop postgresql.service

4. Initialize the data directory for the new server as root:

   scl enable rh-postgresql13 -- postgresql-setup initdb

5. Start the new server as root:

   systemctl start rh-postgresql13-postgresql.service

6. Import data from the previously created SQL file:

   su - postgres -c 'scl enable rh-postgresql13 "psql -f ~/pgdump_file.sql postgres"'

7. Optionally, you can configure the PostgreSQL 13 server to start automatically at boot time. To disable the old system PostgreSQL server, type the following command as root:

   chkconfig postgresql off

   To enable the PostgreSQL 13 server, type as root:

   chkconfig rh-postgresql13-postgresql on

8. If your configuration differs from the default one, make sure to update configuration files, especially the /var/opt/rh/rh-postgresql13/lib/pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf configuration file. Otherwise only the postgres user will be allowed to access the database.

Procedure 5.3. Fast Upgrade Using the pg_upgrade Tool

1. Stop the old PostgreSQL server to ensure that the data is not in an inconsistent state. To do so, type the following at a shell prompt as root:

   systemctl stop rh-postgresql12-postgresql.service

   To verify that the server is not running, type:

   systemctl status rh-postgresql12-postgresql.service

2. Verify that the old directory /var/opt/rh/rh-postgresql12/lib/pgsql/data/ exists:

   file /var/opt/rh/rh-postgresql12/lib/pgsql/data/

   and back up your data.
3. Verify that the new data directory /var/opt/rh/rh-postgresql13/lib/pgsql/data/ does not exist:

   file /var/opt/rh/rh-postgresql13/lib/pgsql/data/

   If you are running a fresh installation of PostgreSQL 13, this directory should not be present in your system. If it is, back it up by running the following command as root:

   mv /var/opt/rh/rh-postgresql13/lib/pgsql/data{,-scl-backup}

4. Upgrade the database data for the new server by running the following command as root:

   scl enable rh-postgresql13 -- postgresql-setup --upgrade --upgrade-from=rh-postgresql12-postgresql

   Alternatively, you can use the /opt/rh/rh-postgresql13/root/usr/bin/postgresql-setup --upgrade --upgrade-from=rh-postgresql12-postgresql command.
   Note that you can use the --upgrade-from option for upgrading from different versions of PostgreSQL. The list of possible upgrade scenarios is available using the --upgrade-ids option.
   It is recommended that you read the resulting /var/lib/pgsql/upgrade_rh-postgresql13-postgresql.log log file to find out if any problems occurred during the upgrade.
5. Start the new server as root:

   systemctl start rh-postgresql13-postgresql.service

   It is also advised that you run the analyze_new_cluster.sh script as follows:

   su - postgres -c 'scl enable rh-postgresql13 ~/analyze_new_cluster.sh'

6. Optionally, you can configure the PostgreSQL 13 server to start automatically at boot time. To disable the old PostgreSQL 12 server, type the following command as root:

   chkconfig rh-postgresql12-postgreqsql off

   To enable the PostgreSQL 13 server, type as root:

   chkconfig rh-postgresql13-postgresql on

7. If your configuration differs from the default one, make sure to update configuration files, especially the /var/opt/rh/rh-postgresql13/lib/pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf configuration file. Otherwise only the postgres user will be allowed to access the database.

Procedure 5.4. Performing a Dump and Restore Upgrade

1. Ensure that the old PostgreSQL server is running by typing the following at a shell prompt as root:

   systemctl start rh-postgresql12-postgresql.service

2. Dump all data in the PostgreSQL database into a script file. As root, type:

   su - postgres -c 'scl enable rh-postgresql12 "pg_dumpall > ~/pgdump_file.sql"'

3. Stop the old server by running the following command as root:

   systemctl stop rh-postgresql12-postgresql.service

4. Initialize the data directory for the new server as root:

   scl enable rh-postgresql13 -- postgresql-setup initdb

5. Start the new server as root:

   systemctl start rh-postgresql13-postgresql.service

6. Import data from the previously created SQL file:

   su - postgres -c 'scl enable rh-postgresql13 "psql -f ~/pgdump_file.sql postgres"'

7. Optionally, you can configure the PostgreSQL 13 server to start automatically at boot time. To disable the old PostgreSQL 12 server, type the following command as root:

   chkconfig rh-postgresql12-postgresql off

   To enable the PostgreSQL 13 server, type as root:

   chkconfig rh-postgresql13-postgresql on

8. If your configuration differs from the default one, make sure to update configuration files, especially the /var/opt/rh/rh-postgresql13/lib/pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf configuration file. Otherwise only the postgres user will be allowed to access the database.