Why am I getting 'sudo: sorry, you must have a tty to run sudo' when running an Ansible playbook?

Issue

I am receiving the following error message when running the Ansible Automation Platform installer or running any playbook against a managed host.

TASK [awx_install : Migrate the Tower database schema (may take awhile when upgrading).] ***
fatal: [localhost]: FAILED! => {"changed": false, "failed": true, "module_stderr": "sudo: sorry, you must have a tty to run sudo\n", "module_stdout": "", "msg": "MODULE FAILURE", "rc": 1}