{
  "document" : {
    "aggregate_severity" : {
      "namespace" : "https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/",
      "text" : "Moderate"
    },
    "category" : "csaf_security_advisory",
    "csaf_version" : "2.0",
    "distribution" : {
      "text" : "Copyright © Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.",
      "tlp" : {
        "label" : "WHITE",
        "url" : "https://www.first.org/tlp/"
      }
    },
    "lang" : "en",
    "notes" : [ {
      "category" : "summary",
      "text" : "An update for Red Hat Hardened Images RPMs is now available.",
      "title" : "Topic"
    }, {
      "category" : "general",
      "text" : "This update includes the following RPMs:\n\nexpat:\n  * expat-2.8.3-0.1.hum1 (aarch64, x86_64)\n  * expat-devel-2.8.3-0.1.hum1 (aarch64, x86_64)\n  * expat-static-2.8.3-0.1.hum1 (aarch64, x86_64)\n  * expat-2.8.3-0.1.hum1.src (src)\n\nSecurity Fix(es):\n\nexpat:\n  * CVE-2026-72522",
      "title" : "Details"
    }, {
      "category" : "legal_disclaimer",
      "text" : "This content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). If you distribute this content, or a modified version of it, you must provide attribution to Red Hat Inc. and provide a link to the original.",
      "title" : "Terms of Use"
    } ],
    "publisher" : {
      "category" : "vendor",
      "contact_details" : "https://access.redhat.com/security/team/contact/",
      "issuing_authority" : "Red Hat Product Security is responsible for vulnerability handling across all Red Hat products and services.",
      "name" : "Red Hat Product Security",
      "namespace" : "https://www.redhat.com"
    },
    "references" : [ {
      "category" : "self",
      "summary" : "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:54869",
      "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:54869"
    }, {
      "category" : "external",
      "summary" : "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-72522",
      "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-72522"
    }, {
      "category" : "external",
      "summary" : "https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/",
      "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/"
    }, {
      "category" : "external",
      "summary" : "https://images.redhat.com/",
      "url" : "https://images.redhat.com/"
    }, {
      "category" : "self",
      "summary" : "Canonical URL",
      "url" : "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/advisories/2026/rhsa-2026_54869.json"
    } ],
    "title" : "Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Hardened Images RPMs Security Update",
    "tracking" : {
      "current_release_date" : "2026-08-23T20:43:56+00:00",
      "generator" : {
        "date" : "2026-08-23T20:43:56+00:00",
        "engine" : {
          "name" : "Red Hat SDEngine",
          "version" : "5.3.16"
        }
      },
      "id" : "RHSA-2026:54869",
      "initial_release_date" : "2026-08-14T14:53:25+00:00",
      "revision_history" : [ {
        "date" : "2026-08-14T14:53:25+00:00",
        "number" : "1",
        "summary" : "Initial version"
      }, {
        "date" : "2026-08-22T06:15:42+00:00",
        "number" : "2",
        "summary" : "Last updated version"
      }, {
        "date" : "2026-08-23T20:43:56+00:00",
        "number" : "3",
        "summary" : "Last generated version"
      } ],
      "status" : "final",
      "version" : "3"
    }
  },
  "product_tree" : {
    "branches" : [ {
      "branches" : [ {
        "branches" : [ {
          "category" : "product_name",
          "name" : "Red Hat Hardened Images",
          "product" : {
            "name" : "Red Hat Hardened Images",
            "product_id" : "Red Hat Hardened Images",
            "product_identification_helper" : {
              "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1"
            }
          }
        } ],
        "category" : "product_family",
        "name" : "Red Hat Hardened Images"
      }, {
        "branches" : [ {
          "category" : "product_version",
          "name" : "expat-main@aarch64",
          "product" : {
            "name" : "expat-main@aarch64",
            "product_id" : "expat-main@aarch64",
            "product_identification_helper" : {
              "purl" : "pkg:rpm/redhat/expat@2.8.3-0.1.hum1?arch=aarch64&distro=hummingbird-20251124&repository_id=public-hummingbird-aarch64-rpms"
            }
          }
        } ],
        "category" : "architecture",
        "name" : "aarch64"
      }, {
        "branches" : [ {
          "category" : "product_version",
          "name" : "expat-main@src",
          "product" : {
            "name" : "expat-main@src",
            "product_id" : "expat-main@src",
            "product_identification_helper" : {
              "purl" : "pkg:rpm/redhat/expat@2.8.3-0.1.hum1?arch=src&distro=hummingbird-20251124&repository_id=public-hummingbird-source-rpms"
            }
          }
        } ],
        "category" : "architecture",
        "name" : "src"
      }, {
        "branches" : [ {
          "category" : "product_version",
          "name" : "expat-main@x86_64",
          "product" : {
            "name" : "expat-main@x86_64",
            "product_id" : "expat-main@x86_64",
            "product_identification_helper" : {
              "purl" : "pkg:rpm/redhat/expat@2.8.3-0.1.hum1?arch=x86_64&distro=hummingbird-20251124&repository_id=public-hummingbird-x86_64-rpms"
            }
          }
        } ],
        "category" : "architecture",
        "name" : "x86_64"
      } ],
      "category" : "vendor",
      "name" : "Red Hat"
    } ],
    "relationships" : [ {
      "category" : "default_component_of",
      "full_product_name" : {
        "name" : "expat-main@aarch64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images",
        "product_id" : "Red Hat Hardened Images:expat-main@aarch64"
      },
      "product_reference" : "expat-main@aarch64",
      "relates_to_product_reference" : "Red Hat Hardened Images"
    }, {
      "category" : "default_component_of",
      "full_product_name" : {
        "name" : "expat-main@src as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images",
        "product_id" : "Red Hat Hardened Images:expat-main@src"
      },
      "product_reference" : "expat-main@src",
      "relates_to_product_reference" : "Red Hat Hardened Images"
    }, {
      "category" : "default_component_of",
      "full_product_name" : {
        "name" : "expat-main@x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Hardened Images",
        "product_id" : "Red Hat Hardened Images:expat-main@x86_64"
      },
      "product_reference" : "expat-main@x86_64",
      "relates_to_product_reference" : "Red Hat Hardened Images"
    } ]
  },
  "vulnerabilities" : [ {
    "cve" : "CVE-2026-72522",
    "cwe" : {
      "id" : "CWE-125",
      "name" : "Out-of-bounds Read"
    },
    "discovery_date" : "2026-08-10T03:50:50.160938+00:00",
    "ids" : [ {
      "system_name" : "Red Hat Bugzilla ID",
      "text" : "2513021"
    } ],
    "notes" : [ {
      "category" : "description",
      "text" : "A flaw in libexpat's _toUtf16 functions mishandles Unicode low surrogates by treating them as high surrogates. An attacker can exploit the resulting out-of-bounds read to trigger an infinite loop, causing a denial of service (DoS).",
      "title" : "Vulnerability description"
    }, {
      "category" : "summary",
      "text" : "expat: libexpat: Denial of Service due to incorrect Unicode surrogate handling",
      "title" : "Vulnerability summary"
    }, {
      "category" : "other",
      "text" : "A denial of service (DoS) flaw was found in libexpat's handling of Unicode surrogate pairs. An attacker providing specially crafted XML input to an application parsing untrusted data can trigger an out-of-bounds read and an infinite loop, leading to high CPU usage and system resource exhaustion.",
      "title" : "Statement"
    }, {
      "category" : "general",
      "text" : "The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product's status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.",
      "title" : "CVSS score applicability"
    } ],
    "product_status" : {
      "fixed" : [ "Red Hat Hardened Images:expat-main@aarch64", "Red Hat Hardened Images:expat-main@src", "Red Hat Hardened Images:expat-main@x86_64" ]
    },
    "references" : [ {
      "category" : "self",
      "summary" : "Canonical URL",
      "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-72522"
    }, {
      "category" : "external",
      "summary" : "RHBZ#2513021",
      "url" : "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2513021"
    }, {
      "category" : "external",
      "summary" : "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72522",
      "url" : "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72522"
    }, {
      "category" : "external",
      "summary" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-72522",
      "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-72522"
    }, {
      "category" : "external",
      "summary" : "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=2053153",
      "url" : "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=2053153"
    }, {
      "category" : "external",
      "summary" : "https://github.com/libexpat/libexpat/pull/1296",
      "url" : "https://github.com/libexpat/libexpat/pull/1296"
    } ],
    "release_date" : "2026-08-10T03:28:04.274000+00:00",
    "remediations" : [ {
      "category" : "vendor_fix",
      "date" : "2026-08-14T14:53:25+00:00",
      "details" : "For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to:\nhttps://images.redhat.com/",
      "product_ids" : [ "Red Hat Hardened Images:expat-main@aarch64", "Red Hat Hardened Images:expat-main@src", "Red Hat Hardened Images:expat-main@x86_64" ],
      "restart_required" : {
        "category" : "none"
      },
      "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:54869"
    }, {
      "category" : "workaround",
      "details" : "Limit exposure by restricting the parsing of untrusted or unverified XML inputs, and validate incoming XML documents for malformed character sequences before processing. Additionally, enforce process-level CPU resource limits and parsing timeouts to prevent system-wide Denial of Service from infinite parsing loops.",
      "product_ids" : [ "Red Hat Hardened Images:expat-main@aarch64", "Red Hat Hardened Images:expat-main@src", "Red Hat Hardened Images:expat-main@x86_64" ]
    } ],
    "scores" : [ {
      "cvss_v3" : {
        "attackComplexity" : "LOW",
        "attackVector" : "LOCAL",
        "availabilityImpact" : "HIGH",
        "baseScore" : 6.2,
        "baseSeverity" : "MEDIUM",
        "confidentialityImpact" : "NONE",
        "integrityImpact" : "NONE",
        "privilegesRequired" : "NONE",
        "scope" : "UNCHANGED",
        "userInteraction" : "NONE",
        "vectorString" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
        "version" : "3.1"
      },
      "products" : [ "Red Hat Hardened Images:expat-main@aarch64", "Red Hat Hardened Images:expat-main@src", "Red Hat Hardened Images:expat-main@x86_64" ]
    } ],
    "threats" : [ {
      "category" : "impact",
      "details" : "Moderate"
    } ],
    "title" : "expat: libexpat: Denial of Service due to incorrect Unicode surrogate handling"
  } ]
}