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22.6. 加​​​​​​​入​​​​​​​網​​​​​​​路​​​​​​​裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​

新​​​​​​​網​​​​​​​路​​​​​​​裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​過​​​​​​​程​​​​​​​跟​​​​​​​過​​​​​​​去​​​​​​​大​​​​​​​相​​​​​​​逕​​​​​​​庭​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​這​​​​​​​是​​​​​​​因​​​​​​​為​​​​​​​核​​​​​​​心​​​​​​​已​​​​​​​經​​​​​​​從​​​​​​​ 2.4 版​​​​​​​升​​​​​​​級​​​​​​​到​​​​​​​ 2.6 版​​​​​​​：
  • proc 檔​​​​​​​案​​​​​​​系​​​​​​​統​​​​​​​不​​​​​​​再​​​​​​​用​​​​​​​來​​​​​​​控​​​​​​​制​​​​​​​網​​​​​​​路​​​​​​​裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​，或​​​​​​​顯​​​​​​​示​​​​​​​網​​​​​​​路​​​​​​​裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​狀​​​​​​​態​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​
  • 新​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​ sys 檔​​​​​​​案​​​​​​​系​​​​​​​統​​​​​​​提​​​​​​​供​​​​​​​了​​​​​​​控​​​​​​​制​​​​​​​裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​機​​​​​​​制​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​
  • 現​​​​​​​在​​​​​​​ /sys/class/net/interface_name/device 提​​​​​​​供​​​​​​​了​​​​​​​運​​​​​​​作​​​​​​​中​​​​​​​裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​狀​​​​​​​態​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​
    interface_name 這​​​​​​​名​​​​​​​稱​​​​​​​就​​​​​​​像​​​​​​​ eth0 或​​​​​​​ eth2 一​​​​​​​樣​​​​​​​，在​​​​​​​設​​​​​​​定​​​​​​​裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​時​​​​​​​，由​​​​​​​驅​​​​​​​動​​​​​​​程​​​​​​​式​​​​​​​授​​​​​​​予​​​​​​​網​​​​​​​路​​​​​​​介​​​​​​​面​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​
  • /etc/chandev.conf 不​​​​​​​復​​​​​​​存​​​​​​​在​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​
    現​​​​​​​在​​​​​​​，sys 檔​​​​​​​案​​​​​​​系​​​​​​​統​​​​​​​包​​​​​​​含​​​​​​​了​​​​​​​之​​​​​​​前​​​​​​​在​​​​​​​ /etc/chandev.conf 中​​​​​​​被​​​​​​​取​​​​​​​代​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​資​​​​​​​訊​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​
  • /etc/modules.conf 不​​​​​​​復​​​​​​​存​​​​​​​在​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​
    網​​​​​​​路​​​​​​​介​​​​​​​面​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​別​​​​​​​名​​​​​​​規​​​​​​​格​​​​​​​，現​​​​​​​在​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​於​​​​​​​ /etc/modprobe.conf 中​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​
節 22.6.1, “加​​​​​​​入​​​​​​​ qeth 裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​” describes in detail how to add a qeth device to an existing instance of Red Hat Enterprise Linux. 節 22.6.2, “加​​​​​​​入​​​​​​​網​​​​​​​路​​​​​​​裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​快​​​​​​​速​​​​​​​指​​​​​​​引​​​​​​​” is a quick reference for installing other IBM System z network interfaces.

22.6.1. 加​​​​​​​入​​​​​​​ qeth 裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​

首​​​​​​​先​​​​​​​先​​​​​​​看​​​​​​​看​​​​​​​ qeth 裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​驅​​​​​​​動​​​​​​​程​​​​​​​式​​​​​​​模​​​​​​​組​​​​​​​是​​​​​​​否​​​​​​​已​​​​​​​經​​​​​​​載​​​​​​​入​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​ 
# lsmod | grep qeth
qeth                  135240  0
qdio                   45360  2 qeth
ipv6                  303984  13 qeth
ccwgroup               15104  1 qeth
如​​​​​​​果​​​​​​​ lsmod 指​​​​​​​令​​​​​​​顯​​​​​​​示​​​​​​​模​​​​​​​組​​​​​​​尚​​​​​​​未​​​​​​​被​​​​​​​載​​​​​​​入​​​​​​​，請​​​​​​​執​​​​​​​行​​​​​​​ modprobe 載​​​​​​​入​​​​​​​這​​​​​​​些​​​​​​​模​​​​​​​組​​​​​​​： 
# modprobe qeth
接​​​​​​​下​​​​​​​來​​​​​​​，建​​​​​​​立​​​​​​​ qeth 群​​​​​​​組​​​​​​​裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​ 
# echo read_device_bus_id,write_device_bus_id,
data_device_bus_id > /sys/bus/ccwgroup/drivers/qeth/group
Due to the length of this command, it has been broken into two lines.
再​​​​​​​接​​​​​​​下​​​​​​​來​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​例​​​​​​​子​​​​​​​中​​​​​​​，read_device_bus_id 是​​​​​​​ 0.0.0600，write_device_bus_id 是​​​​​​​ 0.0.0601，同​​​​​​​時​​​​​​​ data_device_bus_id 是​​​​​​​ 0.0.0602。​​​​​​​這​​​​​​​裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​是​​​​​​​ z/VM 虛​​​​​​​擬​​​​​​​網​​​​​​​路​​​​​​​卡​​​​​​​，我​​​​​​​們​​​​​​​打​​​​​​​算​​​​​​​使​​​​​​​用​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​ IP 位​​​​​​​址​​​​​​​是​​​​​​​ 192.168.70.69。​​​​​​​ 
# echo 0.0.0600,0.0.0601,0.0.0602 > /sys/bus/ccwgroup/drivers/qeth/group
接​​​​​​​下​​​​​​​來​​​​​​​，確​​​​​​​定​​​​​​​ qeth 群​​​​​​​組​​​​​​​裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​是​​​​​​​否​​​​​​​建​​​​​​​立​​​​​​​正​​​​​​​確​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​ 
# ls /sys/bus/ccwgroup/drivers/qeth
0.0.0600  0.0.09a0  group  notifier_register
您​​​​​​​可​​​​​​​以​​​​​​​選​​​​​​​擇​​​​​​​是​​​​​​​否​​​​​​​要​​​​​​​加​​​​​​​入​​​​​​​一​​​​​​​個​​​​​​​連​​​​​​​接​​​​​​​埠​​​​​​​名​​​​​​​稱​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​首​​​​​​​先​​​​​​​，先​​​​​​​確​​​​​​​定​​​​​​​是​​​​​​​否​​​​​​​有​​​​​​​使​​​​​​​用​​​​​​​連​​​​​​​接​​​​​​​埠​​​​​​​名​​​​​​​稱​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​必​​​​​​​要​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​ 
# cat /sys/bus/ccwgroup/drivers/qeth/0.0.0600/portname
no portname required
這​​​​​​​訊​​​​​​​息​​​​​​​表​​​​​​​示​​​​​​​您​​​​​​​不​​​​​​​需​​​​​​​要​​​​​​​提​​​​​​​供​​​​​​​連​​​​​​​接​​​​​​​埠​​​​​​​名​​​​​​​稱​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​
要​​​​​​​加​​​​​​​入​​​​​​​連​​​​​​​接​​​​​​​埠​​​​​​​名​​​​​​​稱​​​​​​​，請​​​​​​​先​​​​​​​確​​​​​​​定​​​​​​​裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​都​​​​​​​已​​​​​​​離​​​​​​​線​​​​​​​，然​​​​​​​後​​​​​​​使​​​​​​​用​​​​​​​以​​​​​​​下​​​​​​​指​​​​​​​令​​​​​​​：

注意

當​​​​​​​您​​​​​​​加​​​​​​​入​​​​​​​連​​​​​​​接​​​​​​​埠​​​​​​​名​​​​​​​稱​​​​​​​時​​​​​​​，裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​一​​​​​​​定​​​​​​​要​​​​​​​離​​​​​​​線​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​ 
# echo portname > /sys/bus/ccwgroup/drivers/qeth/0.0.0600/portname
接​​​​​​​下​​​​​​​來​​​​​​​，讓​​​​​​​裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​重​​​​​​​新​​​​​​​上​​​​​​​線​​​​​​​： 
# echo 1 /sys/bus/ccwgroup/drivers/qeth/0.0.0600/online
並​​​​​​​檢​​​​​​​查​​​​​​​裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​狀​​​​​​​態​​​​​​​： 
# cat /sys/bus/ccwgroup/drivers/qeth/0.0.0600/online1
A return value of "1" indicates that the device is online, while a return value '0' indicates that the device is offline.
檢​​​​​​​查​​​​​​​裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​是​​​​​​​否​​​​​​​已​​​​​​​經​​​​​​​指​​​​​​​定​​​​​​​了​​​​​​​介​​​​​​​面​​​​​​​名​​​​​​​稱​​​​​​​： 
# cat /sys/bus/ccwgroup/drivers/qeth/0.0.0600/if_name
eth1
要​​​​​​​改​​​​​​​變​​​​​​​ if_name 的​​​​​​​值​​​​​​​，請​​​​​​​使​​​​​​​用​​​​​​​以​​​​​​​下​​​​​​​指​​​​​​​令​​​​​​​： 
# echo new_if_name > /sys/bus/ccwgroup/drivers/qeth/0.0.0600/if_name
您​​​​​​​可​​​​​​​以​​​​​​​選​​​​​​​擇​​​​​​​性​​​​​​​地​​​​​​​設​​​​​​​定​​​​​​​額​​​​​​​外​​​​​​​參​​​​​​​數​​​​​​​與​​​​​​​功​​​​​​​能​​​​​​​，視​​​​​​​您​​​​​​​設​​​​​​​定​​​​​​​系​​​​​​​統​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​方​​​​​​​式​​​​​​​與​​​​​​​所​​​​​​​需​​​​​​​要​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​功​​​​​​​能​​​​​​​而​​​​​​​定​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​
  • add_hhlen
  • broadcast_mode
  • buffer_count
  • canonical_macaddr
  • card_type
  • checksumming
  • chpid
  • detach_state
  • fake_broadcast
  • fake_ll
  • ipa_takeover
  • portno
  • priority_queueing
  • recover
  • route4
  • rxip
  • state
  • ungroup
  • vipa
欲​​​​​​​了​​​​​​​解​​​​​​​這​​​​​​​些​​​​​​​功​​​​​​​能​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​使​​​​​​​用​​​​​​​資​​​​​​​訊​​​​​​​，請​​​​​​​參​​​​​​​照​​​​​​​ http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/linux390/october2005_documentation.html#3（Device Drivers, Features, and Commands - SC33-8289-02）。​​​​​​​
現​​​​​​​在​​​​​​​您​​​​​​​得​​​​​​​為​​​​​​​新​​​​​​​介​​​​​​​面​​​​​​​建​​​​​​​立​​​​​​​設​​​​​​​定​​​​​​​檔​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​網​​​​​​​路​​​​​​​介​​​​​​​面​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​設​​​​​​​定​​​​​​​檔​​​​​​​都​​​​​​​位​​​​​​​於​​​​​​​ /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ 目​​​​​​​錄​​​​​​​下​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​
這​​​​​​​些​​​​​​​網​​​​​​​路​​​​​​​設​​​​​​​定​​​​​​​檔​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​命​​​​​​​名​​​​​​​方​​​​​​​式​​​​​​​為​​​​​​​ ifcfg-device，其​​​​​​​中​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​ device 是​​​​​​​位​​​​​​​於​​​​​​​稍​​​​​​​早​​​​​​​建​​​​​​​立​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​ qeth 群​​​​​​​組​​​​​​​裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​中​​​​​​​，if_name檔​​​​​​​案​​​​​​​裡​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​值​​​​​​​；這​​​​​​​例​​​​​​​子​​​​​​​中​​​​​​​是​​​​​​​ eth1。​​​​​​​
如​​​​​​​果​​​​​​​另​​​​​​​一​​​​​​​個​​​​​​​裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​同​​​​​​​名​​​​​​​檔​​​​​​​案​​​​​​​已​​​​​​​經​​​​​​​存​​​​​​​在​​​​​​​，那​​​​​​​麼​​​​​​​最​​​​​​​簡​​​​​​​單​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​方​​​​​​​式​​​​​​​，就​​​​​​​是​​​​​​​給​​​​​​​這​​​​​​​檔​​​​​​​案​​​​​​​一​​​​​​​個​​​​​​​新​​​​​​​名​​​​​​​稱​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​ 
# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
# cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth1
如​​​​​​​果​​​​​​​您​​​​​​​沒​​​​​​​有​​​​​​​事​​​​​​​先​​​​​​​定​​​​​​​義​​​​​​​好​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​類​​​​​​​似​​​​​​​檔​​​​​​​案​​​​​​​，您​​​​​​​就​​​​​​​必​​​​​​​須​​​​​​​建​​​​​​​立​​​​​​​新​​​​​​​檔​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​請​​​​​​​使​​​​​​​用​​​​​​​這​​​​​​​個​​​​​​​ ifcfg-eth0 例​​​​​​​子​​​​​​​為​​​​​​​樣​​​​​​​板​​​​​​​，建​​​​​​​立​​​​​​​您​​​​​​​所​​​​​​​需​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​檔​​​​​​​案​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​ 
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
# IBM QETH
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=static
HWADDR=00:06:29:FB:5F:F1
IPADDR=9.12.20.136
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
ONBOOT=yes
NETTYPE=qeth
SUBCHANNELS=0.0.09a0,0.0.09a1,0.0.09a2
TYPE=Ethernet
編​​​​​​​輯​​​​​​​新​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​ ifcfg-eth1 檔​​​​​​​案​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​
暫​​​​​​​時​​​​​​​移​​​​​​​除​​​​​​​ HWADDR 那​​​​​​​一​​​​​​​行​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​
修​​​​​​​改​​​​​​​ DEVICE 敘​​​​​​​述​​​​​​​，以​​​​​​​反​​​​​​​映​​​​​​​您​​​​​​​ ccwgroup 中​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​ if_name 檔​​​​​​​案​​​​​​​內​​​​​​​容​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​
修​​​​​​​改​​​​​​​ IPADDR 敘​​​​​​​述​​​​​​​，以​​​​​​​反​​​​​​​映​​​​​​​您​​​​​​​新​​​​​​​介​​​​​​​面​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​ IP 位​​​​​​​址​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​
如​​​​​​​果​​​​​​​需​​​​​​​要​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​話​​​​​​​，一​​​​​​​併​​​​​​​修​​​​​​​改​​​​​​​網​​​​​​​路​​​​​​​遮​​​​​​​罩​​​​​​​敘​​​​​​​述​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​
如​​​​​​​果​​​​​​​您​​​​​​​希​​​​​​​望​​​​​​​開​​​​​​​機​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​時​​​​​​​候​​​​​​​一​​​​​​​併​​​​​​​啟​​​​​​​動​​​​​​​，那​​​​​​​麼​​​​​​​請​​​​​​​將​​​​​​​ ONBOOT 一​​​​​​​欄​​​​​​​設​​​​​​​為​​​​​​​ yes。​​​​​​​
確​​​​​​​定​​​​​​​ SUBCHANNELS 敘​​​​​​​述​​​​​​​跟​​​​​​​您​​​​​​​ qeth 裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​硬​​​​​​​體​​​​​​​位​​​​​​​址​​​​​​​相​​​​​​​同​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​ 
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
# IBM QETH
DEVICE=eth1
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.70.87
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
ONBOOT=yes
NETTYPE=qeth
SUBCHANNELS=0.0.0600,0.0.0601,0.0.0602
TYPE=Ethernet
您​​​​​​​需​​​​​​​要​​​​​​​為​​​​​​​ qeth 裝​​​​​​​置​​​​​​​設​​​​​​​定​​​​​​​一​​​​​​​個​​​​​​​別​​​​​​​名​​​​​​​，並​​​​​​​紀​​​​​​​錄​​​​​​​在​​​​​​​ /etc/modprobe.conf 中​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​請​​​​​​​編​​​​​​​輯​​​​​​​這​​​​​​​檔​​​​​​​案​​​​​​​，加​​​​​​​入​​​​​​​介​​​​​​​面​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​別​​​​​​​名​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​ 
/etc/modprobe.conf
alias eth0 qeth
alias eth1 qeth
options dasd_mod dasd=0.0.0100,0.0.4b19
現​​​​​​​在​​​​​​​您​​​​​​​可​​​​​​​以​​​​​​​啟​​​​​​​動​​​​​​​新​​​​​​​介​​​​​​​面​​​​​​​： 
# ifup eth1
檢​​​​​​​查​​​​​​​這​​​​​​​介​​​​​​​面​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​狀​​​​​​​態​​​​​​​： 
# ifconfig eth1
eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 02:00:00:00:00:01
          inet addr:192.168.70.87  Bcast:192.168.70.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::ff:fe00:1/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST  MTU:1492  Metric:1
          RX packets:23 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:3 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:644 (644.0 b)  TX bytes:264 (264.0 b)
請​​​​​​​留​​​​​​​意​​​​​​​ ifconfig 執​​​​​​​行​​​​​​​結​​​​​​​果​​​​​​​中​​​​​​​，第​​​​​​​一​​​​​​​行​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​ HWaddr 欄​​​​​​​位​​​​​​​。​​​​​​​請​​​​​​​把​​​​​​​這​​​​​​​欄​​​​​​​位​​​​​​​之​​​​​​​後​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​值​​​​​​​加​​​​​​​到​​​​​​​ ifcfg-eth1 檔​​​​​​​案​​​​​​​中​​​​​​​，底​​​​​​​下​​​​​​​這​​​​​​​行​​​​​​​是​​​​​​​個​​​​​​​範​​​​​​​例​​​​​​​： 
HWADDR=02:00:00:00:00:01
現​​​​​​​在​​​​​​​ ifcfg-eth1 看​​​​​​​起​​​​​​​來​​​​​​​如​​​​​​​下​​​​​​​： 
# IBM QETH
DEVICE=eth1
HWADDR=02:00:00:00:00:01
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.70.69
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
ONBOOT=yes
NETTYPE=qeth
SUBCHANNELS=0.0.0600,0.0.0601,0.0.0602
TYPE=Ethernet
檢​​​​​​​查​​​​​​​新​​​​​​​介​​​​​​​面​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​路​​​​​​​由​​​​​​​資​​​​​​​訊​​​​​​​： 
# route
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask        Flags Metric Ref  Use Iface
192.168.70.0    *               255.255.255.0  U     0      0      0 eth1
9.12.20.0       *               255.255.255.0  U     0      0      0 eth0
169.254.0.0     *               255.255.0.0    U     0      0      0 eth1
default         pdlrouter-if5.p 0.0.0.0        UG    0      0      0 eth0
請​​​​​​​使​​​​​​​用​​​​​​​ ping 指​​​​​​​令​​​​​​​看​​​​​​​是​​​​​​​否​​​​​​​能​​​​​​​接​​​​​​​觸​​​​​​​到​​​​​​​閘​​​​​​​道​​​​​​​器​​​​​​​，以​​​​​​​驗​​​​​​​證​​​​​​​您​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​改​​​​​​​變​​​​​​​是​​​​​​​否​​​​​​​正​​​​​​​確​​​​​​​： 
# ping -c 1 192.168.70.8
PING 192.168.70.8 (192.168.70.8) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.70.8: icmp_seq=0 ttl=63 time=8.07 ms
如​​​​​​​果​​​​​​​預​​​​​​​設​​​​​​​的​​​​​​​路​​​​​​​徑​​​​​​​資​​​​​​​訊​​​​​​​改​​​​​​​變​​​​​​​，請​​​​​​​一​​​​​​​併​​​​​​​更​​​​​​​新​​​​​​​ /etc/sysconfig/network。​​​​​​​