11.8. 事务参考

本例演示了如何开始、提交和回滚 Jakarta Transactions 事务。您需要调整连接和数据源参数以适合您的环境，并在数据库中设置两个测试表。

public class JDBCExample {
    public static void main (String[] args) {
        Context ctx = new InitialContext();
        // Change these two lines to suit your environment.
        DataSource ds = (DataSource)ctx.lookup("jdbc/ExampleDS");
        Connection conn = ds.getConnection("testuser", "testpwd");
        Statement stmt = null; // Non-transactional statement
        Statement stmtx = null; // Transactional statement
        Properties dbProperties = new Properties();

        // Get a UserTransaction
        UserTransaction txn = new InitialContext().lookup("java:comp/UserTransaction");

        try {
            stmt = conn.createStatement();  // non-tx statement

            // Check the database connection.
            try {
                stmt.executeUpdate("DROP TABLE test_table");
                stmt.executeUpdate("DROP TABLE test_table2");
            }
            catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
                // assume not in database.
            }

            try {
                stmt.executeUpdate("CREATE TABLE test_table (a INTEGER,b INTEGER)");
                stmt.executeUpdate("CREATE TABLE test_table2 (a INTEGER,b INTEGER)");
            }
            catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }

            try {
                System.out.println("Starting top-level transaction.");

                txn.begin();

                stmtx = conn.createStatement(); // will be a tx-statement

                // First, we try to roll back changes

                System.out.println("\nAdding entries to table 1.");

                stmtx.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO test_table (a, b) VALUES (1,2)");

                ResultSet res1 = null;

                System.out.println("\nInspecting table 1.");

                res1 = stmtx.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM test_table");

                while (res1.next()) {
                    System.out.println("Column 1: "+res1.getInt(1));
                    System.out.println("Column 2: "+res1.getInt(2));
                }
                System.out.println("\nAdding entries to table 2.");

                stmtx.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO test_table2 (a, b) VALUES (3,4)");
                res1 = stmtx.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM test_table2");

                System.out.println("\nInspecting table 2.");

                while (res1.next()) {
                    System.out.println("Column 1: "+res1.getInt(1));
                    System.out.println("Column 2: "+res1.getInt(2));
                }

                System.out.print("\nNow attempting to rollback changes.");

                txn.rollback();

                // Next, we try to commit changes
                txn.begin();
                stmtx = conn.createStatement();
                System.out.println("\nAdding entries to table 1.");
                stmtx.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO test_table (a, b) VALUES (1,2)");
                ResultSet res2 = null;

                System.out.println("\nNow checking state of table 1.");

                res2 = stmtx.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM test_table");

                while (res2.next()) {
                    System.out.println("Column 1: "+res2.getInt(1));
                    System.out.println("Column 2: "+res2.getInt(2));
                }

                System.out.println("\nNow checking state of table 2.");

                stmtx = conn.createStatement();

                res2 = stmtx.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM test_table2");

                while (res2.next()) {
                    System.out.println("Column 1: "+res2.getInt(1));
                    System.out.println("Column 2: "+res2.getInt(2));
                }

                txn.commit();
            }
            catch (Exception ex) {
                throw new RuntimeException(ex);

            }
        }
        catch (Exception sysEx) {
            sysEx.printStackTrace();
            System.exit(0);
        }
    }
}