6.8. 将数据源部署为工件
本章介绍了 OSGi JDBC 服务，演示了 pax-jdbc 捆绑包在注册数据库特定和通用数据源方面以及如何从 OSGi 服务与配置配置的角度看。虽然可以使用 Configuration Admin factory PIDs（ 对 pax-jdbc-config 捆绑包的帮助）进行配置，但这两种数据源 的配置通常最好使用 部署方法。
在部署方法中，javax.sql.DataSource 服务直接由应用程序代码注册，通常是在 Blueprint 容器内。蓝图 XML 可能是一般的 OSGi 捆绑包的一部分，通过使用 mvn: URI 进行安装，并存储在 Maven 存储库中（本地或远程）。与配置管理配置进行比较，版本控制此类捆绑包要更容易。
pax-jdbc-config 捆绑包版本 1.3.0 为数据源配置添加部署方法。应用程序开发人员注册 javax.sql.(XA)DataSource 服务（通常使用 Bluerpint XML）并指定服务属性。pax-jdbc-config 捆绑包会检测到此类注册的数据库特定数据源，并使用服务属性（使用服务属性）将服务嵌套在通用、非特定于数据库的连接池中。
为保证完整性，下面是三种使用 Blueprint XML 的 部署方法。Fuse 提供了一个 快速入门 下载，其中包含了 Fuse 不同方面的不同示例。您可以从 Fuse Software Downloads 页面下载 快速入门 zip 文件。
将快速入门 zip 文件的内容提取到本地文件夹中。
在以下示例中，Quickstart /persistence 目录被称为 $PQ_HOME。
6.8.1. 手动部署数据源
这个手动部署数据源的示例使用了基于 docker 的 PostgreSQL 安装。在此方法中，不需要 pax-jdbc-config。应用程序代码负责注册特定于数据库及通用数据源。
需要三个捆绑包：
-
mvn:org.postgresql/postgresql/42.2.5 -
mvn:org.apache.commons/commons-pool2/2.5.0 -
mvn:org.apache.commons/commons-dbcp2/2.1.1
<!--
Database-specific, non-pooling, non-enlisting javax.sql.XADataSource
-->
<bean id="postgresql" class="org.postgresql.xa.PGXADataSource">
<property name="url" value="jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/reportdb" />
<property name="user" value="fuse" />
<property name="password" value="fuse" />
<property name="currentSchema" value="report" />
<property name="connectTimeout" value="5" />
</bean>
<!--
Fuse/Karaf exports this service from fuse-pax-transx-tm-narayana bundle
-->
<reference id="tm" interface="javax.transaction.TransactionManager" />
<!--
Non database-specific, generic, pooling, enlisting javax.sql.DataSource
-->
<bean id="pool" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.managed.BasicManagedDataSource">
<property name="xaDataSourceInstance" ref="postgresql" />
<property name="transactionManager" ref="tm" />
<property name="minIdle" value="3" />
<property name="maxTotal" value="10" />
<property name="validationQuery" value="select schema_name, schema_owner from information_schema.schemata" />
</bean>
<!--
Expose datasource to use by application code (like Camel, Spring, ...)
-->
<service interface="javax.sql.DataSource" ref="pool">
<service-properties>
<entry key="osgi.jndi.service.name" value="jdbc/postgresql" />
</service-properties>
</service>以上蓝图 XML 片段与 规范 DataSource 示例 匹配。以下是显示如何使用它的 shell 命令：
karaf@root()> install -s mvn:org.postgresql/postgresql/42.2.5 Bundle ID: 233 karaf@root()> install -s mvn:org.apache.commons/commons-pool2/2.5.0 Bundle ID: 224 karaf@root()> install -s mvn:org.apache.commons/commons-dbcp2/2.1.1 Bundle ID: 225 karaf@root()> install -s blueprint:file://$PQ_HOME/databases/blueprints/postgresql-manual.xml Bundle ID: 226 karaf@root()> bundle:services -p 226 Bundle 226 provides: -------------------- objectClass = [javax.sql.DataSource] osgi.jndi.service.name = jdbc/postgresql osgi.service.blueprint.compname = pool service.bundleid = 226 service.id = 242 service.scope = bundle ----- objectClass = [org.osgi.service.blueprint.container.BlueprintContainer] osgi.blueprint.container.symbolicname = postgresql-manual.xml osgi.blueprint.container.version = 0.0.0 service.bundleid = 226 service.id = 243 service.scope = singleton karaf@root()> feature:install jdbc karaf@root()> jdbc:ds-list Name │ Product │ Version │ URL │ Status ────────────────┼────────────┼───────────────────────────────┼───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────── jdbc/postgresql │ PostgreSQL │ 10.3 (Debian 10.3-1.pgdg90+1) │ jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/reportdb?prepareThreshold=5&preparedStatementCacheQueries=256&preparedStatementCacheSizeMiB=5&databaseMetadataCacheFields=65536&databaseMetadataCacheFieldsMiB=5&defaultRowFetchSize=0&binaryTransfer=true&readOnly=false&binaryTransferEnable=&binaryTransferDisable=&unknownLength=2147483647&logUnclosedConnections=false&disableColumnSanitiser=false&tcpKeepAlive=false&loginTimeout=0&connectTimeout=5&socketTimeout=0&cancelSignalTimeout=10&receiveBufferSize=-1&sendBufferSize=-1&ApplicationName=PostgreSQL JDBC Driver&jaasLogin=true&useSpnego=false&gsslib=auto&sspiServiceClass=POSTGRES&allowEncodingChanges=false¤tSchema=report&targetServerType=any&loadBalanceHosts=false&hostRecheckSeconds=10&preferQueryMode=extended&autosave=never&reWriteBatchedInserts=false │ OK karaf@root()> jdbc:query jdbc/postgresql 'select * from incident'; date │ summary │ name │ details │ id │ email ────────────────────┼────────────┼────────┼───────────────────────────────┼────┼───────────────── 2018-02-20 08:00:00 │ Incident 1 │ User 1 │ This is a report incident 001 │ 1 │ user1@redhat.com 2018-02-20 08:10:00 │ Incident 2 │ User 2 │ This is a report incident 002 │ 2 │ user2@redhat.com 2018-02-20 08:20:00 │ Incident 3 │ User 3 │ This is a report incident 003 │ 3 │ user3@redhat.com 2018-02-20 08:30:00 │ Incident 4 │ User 4 │ This is a report incident 004 │ 4 │ user4@redhat.com
如上方列表所示，Bartner 捆绑包将导出 javax.sql.DataSource 服务，该服务是一个通用、非特定于数据库的连接池。特定于数据库的 javax.sql.XADataSource 捆绑包 没有 作为 OSGi 服务注册，因为 Blueprint XML 没有明确的 < service ref="postgresql"> 声明。
6.8.2. 数据源的工厂部署
数据源的工厂部署使用 pax-jdbc-config 捆绑包以规范的方式部署。这与 Fuse 6.x 中推荐的方法有点不同，它要求将配置用作服务属性。
下面是蓝图 XML 示例：
<!--
A database-specific org.osgi.service.jdbc.DataSourceFactory that can create DataSource/XADataSource/
/ConnectionPoolDataSource/Driver using properties. It is registered by pax-jdbc-* or for example
mvn:org.postgresql/postgresql/42.2.5 bundle natively.
-->
<reference id="dataSourceFactory"
interface="org.osgi.service.jdbc.DataSourceFactory"
filter="(osgi.jdbc.driver.class=org.postgresql.Driver)" />
<!--
Non database-specific org.ops4j.pax.jdbc.pool.common.PooledDataSourceFactory that can create
pooled data sources using some org.osgi.service.jdbc.DataSourceFactory. dbcp2 pool is registered
by pax-jdbc-pool-dbcp2 bundle.
-->
<reference id="pooledDataSourceFactory"
interface="org.ops4j.pax.jdbc.pool.common.PooledDataSourceFactory"
filter="(&(pool=dbcp2)(xa=true))" />
<!--
Finally, use both factories to expose pooled, xa-aware data source.
-->
<bean id="pool" factory-ref="pooledDataSourceFactory" factory-method="create">
<argument ref="dataSourceFactory" />
<argument>
<props>
<!--
Properties needed by postgresql-specific org.osgi.service.jdbc.DataSourceFactory.
Cannot prepend them with 'jdbc.' prefix as the DataSourceFactory is implemented directly
by PostgreSQL driver, not by pax-jdbc-* bundle.
-->
<prop key="url" value="jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/reportdb" />
<prop key="user" value="fuse" />
<prop key="password" value="fuse" />
<prop key="currentSchema" value="report" />
<prop key="connectTimeout" value="5" />
<!-- Properties needed by dbcp2-specific org.ops4j.pax.jdbc.pool.common.PooledDataSourceFactory -->
<prop key="pool.minIdle" value="2" />
<prop key="pool.maxTotal" value="10" />
<prop key="pool.blockWhenExhausted" value="true" />
<prop key="pool.maxWaitMillis" value="2000" />
<prop key="pool.testOnBorrow" value="true" />
<prop key="pool.testWhileIdle" value="false" />
<prop key="factory.validationQuery" value="select schema_name from information_schema.schemata" />
<prop key="factory.validationQueryTimeout" value="2" />
</props>
</argument>
</bean>
<!--
Expose data source for use by application code (such as Camel, Spring, ...).
-->
<service interface="javax.sql.DataSource" ref="pool">
<service-properties>
<entry key="osgi.jndi.service.name" value="jdbc/postgresql" />
</service-properties>
</service>
本例使用 factory an 使用数据源创建数据源。您不需要显式引用 javax.transaction.TransactionManager 服务，因为它由 XA-aware PooledDataSourceFactory 内部跟踪。
以下示例在 Fuse/Karaf shell 中相同。
注意
要使原生 org.osgi.service.jdbc.DataSourcFactory 捆绑包注册，请安装 mvn:org.osgi/org.osgi.service.jdbc/1.0.0，然后安装 PostgreSQL 驱动程序。
karaf@root()> feature:install jdbc pax-jdbc-config pax-jdbc-pool-dbcp2 karaf@root()> install -s mvn:org.postgresql/postgresql/42.2.5 Bundle ID: 232 karaf@root()> install -s blueprint:file://$PQ_HOME/databases/blueprints/postgresql-pax-jdbc-factory-dbcp2.xml Bundle ID: 233 karaf@root()> bundle:services -p 233 Bundle 233 provides: -------------------- objectClass = [javax.sql.DataSource] osgi.jndi.service.name = jdbc/postgresql osgi.service.blueprint.compname = pool service.bundleid = 233 service.id = 336 service.scope = bundle ----- objectClass = [org.osgi.service.blueprint.container.BlueprintContainer] osgi.blueprint.container.symbolicname = postgresql-pax-jdbc-factory-dbcp2.xml osgi.blueprint.container.version = 0.0.0 service.bundleid = 233 service.id = 337 service.scope = singleton karaf@root()> jdbc:ds-list Name │ Product │ Version │ URL │ Status ────────────────┼────────────┼───────────────────────────────┼───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────── jdbc/postgresql │ PostgreSQL │ 10.3 (Debian 10.3-1.pgdg90+1) │ jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/reportdb?prepareThreshold=5&preparedStatementCacheQueries=256&preparedStatementCacheSizeMiB=5&databaseMetadataCacheFields=65536&databaseMetadataCacheFieldsMiB=5&defaultRowFetchSize=0&binaryTransfer=true&readOnly=false&binaryTransferEnable=&binaryTransferDisable=&unknownLength=2147483647&logUnclosedConnections=false&disableColumnSanitiser=false&tcpKeepAlive=false&loginTimeout=0&connectTimeout=5&socketTimeout=0&cancelSignalTimeout=10&receiveBufferSize=-1&sendBufferSize=-1&ApplicationName=PostgreSQL JDBC Driver&jaasLogin=true&useSpnego=false&gsslib=auto&sspiServiceClass=POSTGRES&allowEncodingChanges=false¤tSchema=report&targetServerType=any&loadBalanceHosts=false&hostRecheckSeconds=10&preferQueryMode=extended&autosave=never&reWriteBatchedInserts=false │ OK karaf@root()> jdbc:query jdbc/postgresql 'select * from incident'; date │ summary │ name │ details │ id │ email ────────────────────┼────────────┼────────┼───────────────────────────────┼────┼───────────────── 2018-02-20 08:00:00 │ Incident 1 │ User 1 │ This is a report incident 001 │ 1 │ user1@redhat.com 2018-02-20 08:10:00 │ Incident 2 │ User 2 │ This is a report incident 002 │ 2 │ user2@redhat.com 2018-02-20 08:20:00 │ Incident 3 │ User 3 │ This is a report incident 003 │ 3 │ user3@redhat.com 2018-02-20 08:30:00 │ Incident 4 │ User 4 │ This is a report incident 004 │ 4 │ user4@redhat.com
如上方列表所示，Bartner 捆绑包将导出 javax.sql.DataSource 服务，该服务是一个通用、非特定于数据库的连接池。特定于数据库的 javax.sql.XADataSource 没有 注册为 OSGi 服务，因为 Blueprint XML 没有明确的 < service ref="postgresql"> 声明。
6.8.3. 数据源的混合部署
在混合数据源部署中，pax-jdbc-config 1.3.0 捆绑包增加了使用服务属性将特定于数据库数据源嵌套在数据源中的另一方式。此方法与 Fuse 6.x 中的工作方式一致。
以下是 Blueprint XML 示例：
<!--
Database-specific, non-pooling, non-enlisting javax.sql.XADataSource
-->
<bean id="postgresql" class="org.postgresql.xa.PGXADataSource">
<property name="url" value="jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/reportdb" />
<property name="user" value="fuse" />
<property name="password" value="fuse" />
<property name="currentSchema" value="report" />
<property name="connectTimeout" value="5" />
</bean>
<!--
Expose database-specific data source with service properties.
No need to expose pooling, enlisting, non database-specific javax.sql.DataSource. It is registered
automatically by pax-jdbc-config with the same properties as this <service>, but with higher service.ranking.
-->
<service id="pool" ref="postgresql" interface="javax.sql.XADataSource">
<service-properties>
<!-- "pool" key is needed for pax-jdbc-config to wrap database-specific data source inside connection pool -->
<entry key="pool" value="dbcp2" />
<entry key="osgi.jndi.service.name" value="jdbc/postgresql" />
<!-- Other properties that configure given connection pool, as indicated by pool=dbcp2 -->
<entry key="pool.minIdle" value="2" />
<entry key="pool.maxTotal" value="10" />
<entry key="pool.blockWhenExhausted" value="true" />
<entry key="pool.maxWaitMillis" value="2000" />
<entry key="pool.testOnBorrow" value="true" />
<entry key="pool.testWhileIdle" value="false" />
<entry key="factory.validationQuery" value="select schema_name from information_schema.schemata" />
<entry key="factory.validationQueryTimeout" value="2" />
</service-properties>
</service>
在上例中，只有数据库特定的数据源会被手动注册。pool=dbcp2 service 属性是数据源跟踪器的提示，它由 pax-jdbc-config 捆绑包管理。带有这个服务属性的数据源服务嵌套在池数据源内，本例中为 pax-jdbc-pool-dbcp2。
以下是 Fuse/Karaf shell 中的相同示例：
karaf@root()> feature:install jdbc pax-jdbc-config pax-jdbc-pool-dbcp2 karaf@root()> install -s mvn:org.postgresql/postgresql/42.2.5 Bundle ID: 232 karaf@root()> install -s blueprint:file://$PQ_HOME/databases/blueprints/postgresql-pax-jdbc-discovery.xml Bundle ID: 233 karaf@root()> bundle:services -p 233 Bundle 233 provides: -------------------- factory.validationQuery = select schema_name from information_schema.schemata factory.validationQueryTimeout = 2 objectClass = [javax.sql.XADataSource] osgi.jndi.service.name = jdbc/postgresql osgi.service.blueprint.compname = postgresql pool = dbcp2 pool.blockWhenExhausted = true pool.maxTotal = 10 pool.maxWaitMillis = 2000 pool.minIdle = 2 pool.testOnBorrow = true pool.testWhileIdle = false service.bundleid = 233 service.id = 336 service.scope = bundle ----- objectClass = [org.osgi.service.blueprint.container.BlueprintContainer] osgi.blueprint.container.symbolicname = postgresql-pax-jdbc-discovery.xml osgi.blueprint.container.version = 0.0.0 service.bundleid = 233 service.id = 338 service.scope = singleton karaf@root()> service:list javax.sql.XADataSource [javax.sql.XADataSource] ------------------------ factory.validationQuery = select schema_name from information_schema.schemata factory.validationQueryTimeout = 2 osgi.jndi.service.name = jdbc/postgresql osgi.service.blueprint.compname = postgresql pool = dbcp2 pool.blockWhenExhausted = true pool.maxTotal = 10 pool.maxWaitMillis = 2000 pool.minIdle = 2 pool.testOnBorrow = true pool.testWhileIdle = false service.bundleid = 233 service.id = 336 service.scope = bundle Provided by : Bundle 233 Used by: OPS4J Pax JDBC Config (224) karaf@root()> service:list javax.sql.DataSource [javax.sql.DataSource] ---------------------- factory.validationQuery = select schema_name from information_schema.schemata factory.validationQueryTimeout = 2 osgi.jndi.service.name = jdbc/postgresql osgi.service.blueprint.compname = postgresql pax.jdbc.managed = true pax.jdbc.service.id.ref = 336 pool.blockWhenExhausted = true pool.maxTotal = 10 pool.maxWaitMillis = 2000 pool.minIdle = 2 pool.testOnBorrow = true pool.testWhileIdle = false service.bundleid = 224 service.id = 337 service.ranking = 1000 service.scope = singleton Provided by : OPS4J Pax JDBC Config (224) karaf@root()> jdbc:ds-list Name │ Product │ Version │ URL │ Status ────────────────┼────────────┼───────────────────────────────┼───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────── jdbc/postgresql │ PostgreSQL │ 10.3 (Debian 10.3-1.pgdg90+1) │ jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/reportdb?prepareThreshold=5&preparedStatementCacheQueries=256&preparedStatementCacheSizeMiB=5&databaseMetadataCacheFields=65536&databaseMetadataCacheFieldsMiB=5&defaultRowFetchSize=0&binaryTransfer=true&readOnly=false&binaryTransferEnable=&binaryTransferDisable=&unknownLength=2147483647&logUnclosedConnections=false&disableColumnSanitiser=false&tcpKeepAlive=false&loginTimeout=0&connectTimeout=5&socketTimeout=0&cancelSignalTimeout=10&receiveBufferSize=-1&sendBufferSize=-1&ApplicationName=PostgreSQL JDBC Driver&jaasLogin=true&useSpnego=false&gsslib=auto&sspiServiceClass=POSTGRES&allowEncodingChanges=false¤tSchema=report&targetServerType=any&loadBalanceHosts=false&hostRecheckSeconds=10&preferQueryMode=extended&autosave=never&reWriteBatchedInserts=false │ OK jdbc/postgresql │ PostgreSQL │ 10.3 (Debian 10.3-1.pgdg90+1) │ jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/reportdb?prepareThreshold=5&preparedStatementCacheQueries=256&preparedStatementCacheSizeMiB=5&databaseMetadataCacheFields=65536&databaseMetadataCacheFieldsMiB=5&defaultRowFetchSize=0&binaryTransfer=true&readOnly=false&binaryTransferEnable=&binaryTransferDisable=&unknownLength=2147483647&logUnclosedConnections=false&disableColumnSanitiser=false&tcpKeepAlive=false&loginTimeout=0&connectTimeout=5&socketTimeout=0&cancelSignalTimeout=10&receiveBufferSize=-1&sendBufferSize=-1&ApplicationName=PostgreSQL JDBC Driver&jaasLogin=true&useSpnego=false&gsslib=auto&sspiServiceClass=POSTGRES&allowEncodingChanges=false¤tSchema=report&targetServerType=any&loadBalanceHosts=false&hostRecheckSeconds=10&preferQueryMode=extended&autosave=never&reWriteBatchedInserts=false │ OK karaf@root()> jdbc:query jdbc/postgresql 'select * from incident' date │ summary │ name │ details │ id │ email ────────────────────┼────────────┼────────┼───────────────────────────────┼────┼───────────────── 2018-02-20 08:00:00 │ Incident 1 │ User 1 │ This is a report incident 001 │ 1 │ user1@redhat.com 2018-02-20 08:10:00 │ Incident 2 │ User 2 │ This is a report incident 002 │ 2 │ user2@redhat.com 2018-02-20 08:20:00 │ Incident 3 │ User 3 │ This is a report incident 003 │ 3 │ user3@redhat.com 2018-02-20 08:30:00 │ Incident 4 │ User 4 │ This is a report incident 004 │ 4 │ user4@redhat.com
在本列表中，如您在 jdbc:ds-list 输出中看到的一样，有两个 数据源，即原始数据源和 wrapper 数据源。
javax.sql.XADataSource 从 Blueprint 捆绑包中注册，并且具有 pool = dbcp2 属性声明。
javax.sql.DataSource 在 pax-jdbc-config 捆绑包中注册，并且：
-
没有
pool = dbcp2属性（它会在注册打包程序数据源时被删除）。 -
具有
service.ranking = 1000属性，因此它始终是何时首选版本，例如，按名称查找数据源。 -
具有
pax.jdbc.managed = true属性，因此不会尝试再次换行。 -
具有
pax.jdbc.service.id.ref = 336属性，用于指示连接池中嵌套的原始数据源服务。
