13.5. 使用 Podman 手动运行容器和 pod

以下步骤演示了如何使用 Podman 手动创建与 MariaDB 数据库配对的 WordPress 内容管理系统。

假设以下目录布局： 

├── mariadb-conf
│   ├── Containerfile
│   ├── my.cnf

先决条件

  • container-tools 元数据包已安装。

流程

  1. 显示 mariadb-conf/Containerfile 文件： 

    $ cat mariadb-conf/Containerfile
FROM docker.io/library/mariadb
COPY my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf

  2. 显示 mariadb-conf/my.cnf 文件： 

    [client-server]
# Port or socket location where to connect
port = 3306
socket = /run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

# Import all .cnf files from the configuration directory
[mariadbd]
skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolve
bind-address = 127.0.0.1

!includedir /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/

  3. 使用 mariadb-conf/Containerfile 来构建 docker.io/library/mariadb 镜像： 

    $ cd mariadb-conf
$ podman build -t mariadb-conf .
$ cd ..
STEP 1: FROM docker.io/library/mariadb
Trying to pull docker.io/library/mariadb:latest...
Getting image source signatures
Copying blob 7b1a6ab2e44d done
...
Storing signatures
STEP 2: COPY my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf
STEP 3: COMMIT mariadb-conf
--> ffae584aa6e
Successfully tagged localhost/mariadb-conf:latest
ffae584aa6e733ee1cdf89c053337502e1089d1620ff05680b6818a96eec3c17

  4. 可选：列出所有镜像： 

    $ podman images
LIST IMAGES
REPOSITORY                                                       TAG         IMAGE ID      CREATED             SIZE
localhost/mariadb-conf                                           latest      b66fa0fa0ef2  57 seconds ago      416 MB

  5. 创建名为 wordpresspod 的 pod，并配置容器和主机系统之间的端口映射： 

    $ podman pod create --name wordpresspod -p 8080:80

  6. 在 wordpresspod pod 中创建 mydb 容器： 

    $ podman run --detach --pod wordpresspod \
    -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=1234 \
    -e MYSQL_DATABASE=mywpdb \
    -e MYSQL_USER=mywpuser \
    -e MYSQL_PASSWORD=1234 \
    --name mydb localhost/mariadb-conf

  7. 在 wordpresspod pod 中创建 myweb 容器： 

    $ podman run --detach --pod wordpresspod \
    -e WORDPRESS_DB_HOST=127.0.0.1 \
    -e WORDPRESS_DB_NAME=mywpdb \
    -e WORDPRESS_DB_USER=mywpuser \
    -e WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD=1234 \
    --name myweb docker.io/wordpress

  8. 可选。列出与其关联的所有 pod 和容器： 

    $ podman ps --pod -a
CONTAINER ID  IMAGE                               COMMAND               CREATED                 STATUS                     PORTS                 NAMES               POD ID        PODNAME
9ea56f771915  k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.5                                      Less than a second ago  Up Less than a second ago  0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp  4b7f054a6f01-infra  4b7f054a6f01  wordpresspod
60e8dbbabac5  localhost/mariadb-conf:latest       mariadbd              Less than a second ago  Up Less than a second ago  0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp  mydb                4b7f054a6f01  wordpresspod
045d3d506e50  docker.io/library/wordpress:latest  apache2-foregroun...  Less than a second ago  Up Less than a second ago  0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp  myweb               4b7f054a6f01  wordpresspod

验证

  • 验证 Pod 是否在运行：访问 http://localhost:8080/wp-admin/install.php 页面或使用 curl 命令： 

    $ curl http://localhost:8080/wp-admin/install.php
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xml:lang="en-US">
<head>
...
</head>
<body class="wp-core-ui">
<p id="logo">WordPress</p>
    <h1>Welcome</h1>
...

其他资源