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28.4. kickstart 选项
The following options can be placed in a kickstart file. If you prefer to use a graphical interface for creating your kickstart file, use the Kickstart Configurator application. Refer to 第 29 章 Kickstart Configurator for details.
注意
如果某选项后面跟随了一个等号(=),它后面就必须指定一个值。在示例命令中,括号([])中的选项是命令的可选参数。
autopart
(可选)ignoredisk
(可选)- Causes the installer to ignore the specified disks. This is useful if you use autopartition and want to be sure that some disks are ignored. For example, without
ignoredisk
, attempting to deploy on a SAN-cluster the kickstart would fail, as the installer detects passive paths to the SAN that return no partition table.如果你有磁盘的多个路径时,ignoredisk
选项也有用处。语法是:ignoredisk --drives=drive1,drive2,...
这里 driveN 是sda
、sdb
...hda
等等中的一个。 autostep
(可选)--autoscreenshot
— Take a screenshot at every step during installation and copy the images over to/root/anaconda-screenshots
after installation is complete. This is most useful for documentation.
auth
或authconfig
(必需)- Sets up the authentication options for the system. It is similar to the
authconfig
command, which can be run after the install. By default, passwords are normally encrypted and are not shadowed.--enablemd5
— Use md5 encryption for user passwords.--enablenis
— Turns on NIS support. By default,--enablenis
uses whatever domain it finds on the network. A domain should almost always be set by hand with the--nisdomain=
option.--nisdomain=
— NIS domain name to use for NIS services.--nisserver=
— Server to use for NIS services (broadcasts by default).--useshadow
or--enableshadow
— Use shadow passwords.--enableldap
— Turns on LDAP support in/etc/nsswitch.conf
, allowing your system to retrieve information about users (UIDs, home directories, shells, etc.) from an LDAP directory. To use this option, you must install thenss_ldap
package. You must also specify a server and a base DN (distinguished name) with--ldapserver=
and--ldapbasedn=
.--enableldapauth
— Use LDAP as an authentication method. This enables thepam_ldap
module for authentication and changing passwords, using an LDAP directory. To use this option, you must have thenss_ldap
package installed. You must also specify a server and a base DN with--ldapserver=
and--ldapbasedn=
.--ldapserver=
— If you specified either--enableldap
or--enableldapauth
, use this option to specify the name of the LDAP server to use. This option is set in the/etc/ldap.conf
file.--ldapbasedn=
— If you specified either--enableldap
or--enableldapauth
, use this option to specify the DN in your LDAP directory tree under which user information is stored. This option is set in the/etc/ldap.conf
file.--enableldaptls
— Use TLS (Transport Layer Security) lookups. This option allows LDAP to send encrypted usernames and passwords to an LDAP server before authentication.--enablekrb5
— Use Kerberos 5 for authenticating users. Kerberos itself does not know about home directories, UIDs, or shells. If you enable Kerberos, you must make users' accounts known to this workstation by enabling LDAP, NIS, or Hesiod or by using the/usr/sbin/useradd
command. If you use this option, you must have thepam_krb5
package installed.--krb5realm=
— The Kerberos 5 realm to which your workstation belongs.--krb5kdc=
— The KDC (or KDCs) that serve requests for the realm. If you have multiple KDCs in your realm, separate their names with commas (,).--krb5adminserver=
— The KDC in your realm that is also running kadmind. This server handles password changing and other administrative requests. This server must be run on the master KDC if you have more than one KDC.--enablehesiod
— Enable Hesiod support for looking up user home directories, UIDs, and shells. More information on setting up and using Hesiod on your network is in/usr/share/doc/glibc-2.x.x/README.hesiod
, which is included in theglibc
package. Hesiod is an extension of DNS that uses DNS records to store information about users, groups, and various other items.--hesiodlhs
— The Hesiod LHS ("left-hand side") option, set in/etc/hesiod.conf
. This option is used by the Hesiod library to determine the name to search DNS for when looking up information, similar to LDAP's use of a base DN.--hesiodrhs
— The Hesiod RHS ("right-hand side") option, set in/etc/hesiod.conf
. This option is used by the Hesiod library to determine the name to search DNS for when looking up information, similar to LDAP's use of a base DN.注意
To look up user information for "jim", the Hesiod library looks up jim.passwd<LHS><RHS>, which should resolve to a TXT record that looks like what his passwd entry would look like (jim:*:501:501:Jungle Jim:/home/jim:/bin/bash
). For groups, the situation is identical, except jim.group<LHS><RHS> would be used.Looking up users and groups by number is handled by making "501.uid" a CNAME for "jim.passwd", and "501.gid" a CNAME for "jim.group". Note that the library does not place a period . in front of the LHS and RHS values when performing a search. Therefore the LHS and RHS values need to have a period placed in front of them in order if they require this.--enablesmbauth
— Enables authentication of users against an SMB server (typically a Samba or Windows server). SMB authentication support does not know about home directories, UIDs, or shells. If you enable SMB, you must make users' accounts known to the workstation by enabling LDAP, NIS, or Hesiod or by using the/usr/sbin/useradd
command to make their accounts known to the workstation. To use this option, you must have thepam_smb
package installed.--smbservers=
— The name of the server(s) to use for SMB authentication. To specify more than one server, separate the names with commas (,).--smbworkgroup=
— The name of the workgroup for the SMB servers.--enablecache
— Enables thenscd
service. Thenscd
service caches information about users, groups, and various other types of information. Caching is especially helpful if you choose to distribute information about users and groups over your network using NIS, LDAP, or hesiod.
bootloader
(必需)- Specifies how the boot loader should be installed. This option is required for both installations and upgrades.
--append=
— Specifies kernel parameters. To specify multiple parameters, separate them with spaces. For example:bootloader --location=mbr --append="hdd=ide-scsi ide=nodma"
--driveorder
— Specify which drive is first in the BIOS boot order. For example:bootloader --driveorder=sda,hda
--location=
— Specifies where the boot record is written. Valid values are the following:mbr
(the default),partition
(installs the boot loader on the first sector of the partition containing the kernel), ornone
(do not install the boot loader).--password=
— If using GRUB, sets the GRUB boot loader password to the one specified with this option. This should be used to restrict access to the GRUB shell, where arbitrary kernel options can be passed.--md5pass=
— If using GRUB, similar to--password=
except the password should already be encrypted.--upgrade
— Upgrade the existing boot loader configuration, preserving the old entries. This option is only available for upgrades.
clearpart
(可选)- Removes partitions from the system, prior to creation of new partitions. By default, no partitions are removed.
注意
如果使用了clearpart
命令,--onpart
命令就不能够用在逻辑分区上。--all
— Erases all partitions from the system.--drives=
— Specifies which drives to clear partitions from. For example, the following clears all the partitions on the first two drives on the primary IDE controller:clearpart --drives=hda,hdb --all
--initlabel
— Initializes the disk label to the default for your architecture (for examplemsdos
for x86 andgpt
for Itanium). It is useful so that the installation program does not ask if it should initialize the disk label if installing to a brand new hard drive.--linux
— Erases all Linux partitions.--none
(default) — Do not remove any partitions.
cmdline
(可选)device
(可选)- On most PCI systems, the installation program autoprobes for Ethernet and SCSI cards properly. On older systems and some PCI systems, however, kickstart needs a hint to find the proper devices. The
device
command, which tells the installation program to install extra modules, is in this format:device <type> <moduleName> --opts=<options>
- <type> — Replace with either
scsi
oreth
. - <moduleName> — Replace with the name of the kernel module which should be installed.
--opts=
— Mount options to use for mounting the NFS export. Any options that can be specified in/etc/fstab
for an NFS mount are allowed. The options are listed in thenfs(5)
man page. Multiple options are separated with a comma.
driverdisk
(可选)- Driver diskettes can be used during kickstart installations. You must copy the driver diskettes's contents to the root directory of a partition on the system's hard drive. Then you must use the
driverdisk
command to tell the installation program where to look for the driver disk.driverdisk <partition> [--type=<fstype>]
另外,你也可以为驱动程序盘指定一个网络位置:driverdisk --source=ftp://path/to/dd.img driverdisk --source=http://path/to/dd.img driverdisk --source=nfs:host:/path/to/img
- <partition> — Partition containing the driver disk.
--type=
— File system type (for example, vfat or ext2).
firewall
(可选)firewall --enabled|--disabled [--trust=] <device> [--port=]
--enabled
or--enable
— Reject incoming connections that are not in response to outbound requests, such as DNS replies or DHCP requests. If access to services running on this machine is needed, you can choose to allow specific services through the firewall.--disabled
or--disable
— Do not configure any iptables rules.--trust=
— Listing a device here, such as eth0, allows all traffic coming from that device to go through the firewall. To list more than one device, use--trust eth0 --trust eth1
. Do NOT use a comma-separated format such as--trust eth0, eth1
.- <incoming> — Replace with one or more of the following to allow the specified services through the firewall.
--ssh
--telnet
--smtp
--http
--ftp
--port=
— You can specify that ports be allowed through the firewall using the port:protocol format. For example, to allow IMAP access through your firewall, specifyimap:tcp
. Numeric ports can also be specified explicitly; for example, to allow UDP packets on port 1234 through, specify1234:udp
. To specify multiple ports, separate them by commas.
firstboot
(可选)- Determine whether the Setup Agent starts the first time the system is booted. If enabled, the
firstboot
package must be installed. If not specified, this option is disabled by default.--enable
or--enabled
— The Setup Agent is started the first time the system boots.--disable
or--disabled
— The Setup Agent is not started the first time the system boots.--reconfig
— Enable the Setup Agent to start at boot time in reconfiguration mode. This mode enables the language, mouse, keyboard, root password, security level, time zone, and networking configuration options in addition to the default ones.
halt
(可选)- Halt the system after the installation has successfully completed. This is similar to a manual installation, where anaconda displays a message and waits for the user to press a key before rebooting. During a kickstart installation, if no completion method is specified, the
reboot
option is used as default.halt
选项基本和shutdown -h
命令相同。关于其他的完成方法,请参考 kickstart 的poweroff
、reboot
和shutdown
选项。 graphical
(可选)install
(可选)- Tells the system to install a fresh system rather than upgrade an existing system. This is the default mode. For installation, you must specify the type of installation from
cdrom
,harddrive
,nfs
, orurl
(for FTP or HTTP installations). Theinstall
command and the installation method command must be on separate lines.cdrom
— Install from the first CD-ROM drive on the system.harddrive
— Install from a Red Hat installation tree on a local drive, which must be either vfat or ext2.--biospart=
从 BIOS 分区来安装(如 82)。--partition=
从分区安装(如 sdb2)。--dir=
包含安装树的variant
目录的目录。
例如:harddrive --partition=hdb2 --dir=/tmp/install-tree
nfs
— Install from the NFS server specified.--server=
要从中安装的服务器(主机名或 IP)。--dir=
包含安装树的variant
目录的目录。--opts=
用于挂载 NFS 输出的 Mount 选项(可选)。
例如:nfs --server=nfsserver.example.com --dir=/tmp/install-tree
url
— Install from an installation tree on a remote server via FTP or HTTP.例如:url --url http://<server>/<dir>
or:url --url ftp://<username>:<password>@<server>/<dir>
interactive
(可选)- Uses the information provided in the kickstart file during the installation, but allow for inspection and modification of the values given. You are presented with each screen of the installation program with the values from the kickstart file. Either accept the values by clicking or change the values and click to continue. Refer to the
autostep
command. iscsi
(可选)--target
—--port=
—--user=
—--password=
—
key
(可选)- Specify an installation key, which is needed to aid in package selection and identify your system for support purposes. This command is Red Hat Enterprise Linux-specific; it has no meaning for Fedora and will be ignored.
--skip
— Skip entering a key. Usually if the key command is not given, anaconda will pause at this step to prompt for a key. This option allows automated installation to continue if you do not have a key or do not want to provide one.
keyboard
(必需)- Sets system keyboard type. Here is the list of available keyboards on i386, Itanium, and Alpha machines:
be-latin1, bg, br-abnt2, cf, cz-lat2, cz-us-qwertz, de, de-latin1, de-latin1-nodeadkeys, dk, dk-latin1, dvorak, es, et, fi, fi-latin1, fr, fr-latin0, fr-latin1, fr-pc, fr_CH, fr_CH-latin1, gr, hu, hu101, is-latin1, it, it-ibm, it2, jp106, la-latin1, mk-utf, no, no-latin1, pl, pt-latin1, ro_win, ru, ru-cp1251, ru-ms, ru1, ru2, ru_win, se-latin1, sg, sg-latin1, sk-qwerty, slovene, speakup, speakup-lt, sv-latin1, sg, sg-latin1, sk-querty, slovene, trq, ua, uk, us, us-acentos
文件/usr/lib/python2.2/site-packages/rhpl/keyboard_models.py
也包含这个列表而且是rhpl
软件包的一部分。 lang
(required)- 设置在安装过程中使用的语言以及系统的缺省语言。例如,要把语言设置为英语,kickstart 文件应该包含下面的一行:
lang en_US
文件/usr/share/system-config-language/locale-list
里每一行的第一个字段提供了一个有效语言代码的列表,它是system-config-language
软件包的一部分。文本模式的安装过程不支持某些语言(主要是中文、日语、韩文和印度的语言)。如果用 lang 命令指定这些语言中的一种,安装过程仍然会使用英语,但是系统会缺省使用指定的语言。 langsupport
(deprecated)- langsupport 关键字已经被取消而且使用它将导致屏幕出现错误信息及终止安装。作为代替,你应该在 kickstart 文件里的
%packages
部分列出所支持的语言的支持软件包组。例如,要支持法语,你应该把下面的语句加入到%packages
:@french-support
logvol
(optional)- 使用以下语法来为逻辑卷管理(LVM)创建逻辑卷:
logvol <mntpoint> --vgname=<name> --size=<size> --name=<name> <options>
这些选项如下所示:--noformat
— Use an existing logical volume and do not format it.--useexisting
— Use an existing logical volume and reformat it.--fstype=
— Sets the file system type for the logical volume. Valid values are ext2, ext3, swap, and vfat.--fsoptions=
— Specifies a free form string of options to be used when mounting the filesystem. This string will be copied into the/etc/fstab
file of the installed system and should be enclosed in quotes.--bytes-per-inode=
— Specifies the size of inodes on the filesystem to be made on the logical volume. Not all filesystems support this option, so it is silently ignored for those cases.--grow=
— Tells the logical volume to grow to fill available space (if any), or up to the maximum size setting.--maxsize=
— The maximum size in megabytes when the logical volume is set to grow. Specify an integer value here, and do not append the number with MB.--recommended=
— Determine the size of the logical volume automatically.--percent=
— Specify the size of the logical volume as a percentage of available space in the volume group.
首先创建分区,然后创建逻辑卷组,再创建逻辑卷。例如:part pv.01 --size 3000 volgroup myvg pv.01 logvol / --vgname=myvg --size=2000 --name=rootvol
logging
(optional)- 这个命令控制安装过程中 anaconda 的错误日志。它对安装好的系统没有影响。
--host=
— Send logging information to the given remote host, which must be running a syslogd process configured to accept remote logging.--port=
— If the remote syslogd process uses a port other than the default, it may be specified with this option.--level=
— One of debug, info, warning, error, or critical.指定 tty3 上显示的信息的最小级别。然而,无论这个级别怎么设置,所有的信息仍将发送到日志文件。
mediacheck
(optional)- 如果指定的话,anaconda 将在安装介质上运行 mediacheck。这个命令只适用于交互式的安装,所以缺省是禁用的。
monitor
(optional)- 如果 monitor 命令没有指定,anaconda 将使用 X 来自动检测你的显示器设置。请在手工配置显示器之前尝试这个命令。
--hsync=
— Specifies the horizontal sync frequency of the monitor.--monitor=
— Use specified monitor; monitor name should be from the list of monitors in /usr/share/hwdata/MonitorsDB from the hwdata package. The list of monitors can also be found on the X Configuration screen of the Kickstart Configurator. This is ignored if --hsync or --vsync is provided. If no monitor information is provided, the installation program tries to probe for it automatically.--noprobe=
— Do not try to probe the monitor.--vsync=
— Specifies the vertical sync frequency of the monitor.
mouse
(deprecated)- The mouse keyword is deprecated.
network
(optional)- 为系统配置网络信息。如果 kickstart 安装不要求联网(换句话说,不从 NFS、HTTP 或 FTP 安装),就不需要为系统配置网络。如果安装要求联网而 kickstart 文件里没有提供网络信息,安装程序会假定从 eth0 通过动态 IP 地址(BOOTP/DHCP)来安装,并配置安装完的系统动态决定 IP 地址。
network
选项为通过网络的 kickstart 安装以及所安装的系统配置联网信息。--bootproto=
— One ofdhcp
,bootp
, orstatic
.缺省值是dhcp
。bootp
和dhcp
被认为是相同的.DHCP 方法使用 DHCP 服务器系统来获取它的联网配置。你可以会猜到,BOOTP 方法和它很相似,要求 BOOTP 服务器来提供网络配置。要指示系统使用 DHCP:network --bootproto=dhcp
要指示某机器使用 BOOTP 来获取它的联网配置,在 kickstart 文件中使用以下行:network --bootproto=bootp
The static method requires that you enter all the required networking information in the kickstart file. As the name implies, this information is static and are used during and after the installation. The line for static networking is more complex, as you must include all network configuration information on one line. You must specify the IP address, netmask, gateway, and nameserver. For example: (the "\" indicates that this should be read as one continuous line):network --bootproto=static --ip=10.0.2.15 --netmask=255.255.255.0 \ --gateway=10.0.2.254 --nameserver=10.0.2.1
如果你使用静态方法,请注意以下两个限制:- 所有静态联网配置信息都必须在一行上指定;你不能使用反斜线来换行。
- You can also configure multiple nameservers here. To do so, specify them as a comma-delimited list in the command line. For example:
network --bootproto=static --ip=10.0.2.15 --netmask=255.255.255.0 \ --gateway=10.0.2.254 --nameserver 192.168.2.1,192.168.3.1
--device=
— Used to select a specific Ethernet device for installation. Note that using--device=
is not effective unless the kickstart file is a local file (such asks=floppy
), since the installation program configures the network to find the kickstart file. For example:network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0
--ip=
— IP address for the machine to be installed.--gateway=
— Default gateway as an IP address.--nameserver=
— Primary nameserver, as an IP address.--nodns
— Do not configure any DNS server.--netmask=
— Netmask for the installed system.--hostname=
— Hostname for the installed system.--ethtool=
— Specifies additional low-level settings for the network device which will be passed to the ethtool program.--essid=
— The network ID for wireless networks.--wepkey=
— The encryption key for wireless networks.--onboot=
— Whether or not to enable the device at boot time.--class=
— The DHCP class.--mtu=
— The MTU of the device.--noipv4
— Disable IPv4 on this device.--noipv6
— Disable IPv6 on this device.
multipath
(optional)- multipath --name= --device= --rule=
-
part
orpartition
(required for installs, ignored for upgrades) - 在系统上创建分区。如果不同分区里有多个Red Hat Enterprise Linux系统,安装程序会提示用户升级哪个系统。
警告
作为安装过程的一部分,所有被创建的分区都会被格式化,除非使用了--noformat
和--onpart
。For a detailed example ofpart
in action, refer to 第 28.4.1 节 “高级的分区示例”.- <mntpoint> — The <mntpoint> is where the partition is mounted and must be of one of the following forms:
/<path>
例如,/
、/usr
、/home
swap
该分区被用作交换空间。要自动决定交换分区的大小,使用--recommended
选项:swap --recommended
自动生成的交换分区的最小值大于系统内存的数量,但小于系统内存的两倍。raid.<id>
该分区用于 software RAID(参考raid
)。pv.<id>
该分区用于 LVM(参考logvol
)。
--size=
— The minimum partition size in megabytes. Specify an integer value here such as 500. Do not append the number with MB.--grow
— Tells the partition to grow to fill available space (if any), or up to the maximum size setting.--maxsize=
— The maximum partition size in megabytes when the partition is set to grow. Specify an integer value here, and do not append the number with MB.--noformat
— Tells the installation program not to format the partition, for use with the--onpart
command.--onpart=
or--usepart=
— Put the partition on the already existing device. For example:partition /home --onpart=hda1
把/home
置于必须已经存在的/dev/hda1
上。--ondisk=
or--ondrive=
— Forces the partition to be created on a particular disk. For example,--ondisk=sdb
puts the partition on the second SCSI disk on the system.--asprimary
— Forces automatic allocation of the partition as a primary partition, or the partitioning fails.--type=
(replaced byfstype
) — This option is no longer available. Usefstype
.--fstype=
— Sets the file system type for the partition. Valid values areext2
,ext3
,swap
, andvfat
.--start=
— Specifies the starting cylinder for the partition. It requires that a drive be specified with--ondisk=
orondrive=
. It also requires that the ending cylinder be specified with--end=
or the partition size be specified with--size=
.--end=
— Specifies the ending cylinder for the partition. It requires that the starting cylinder be specified with--start=
.--bytes-per-inode=
— Specifies the size of inodes on the filesystem to be made on the partition. Not all filesystems support this option, so it is silently ignored for those cases.--recommended
— Determine the size of the partition automatically.--onbiosdisk
— Forces the partition to be created on a particular disk as discovered by the BIOS.
注意
如果因为某种原因分区失败了,虚拟终端 3 上会显示诊断信息。 -
poweroff
(optional) - 在安装成功后关闭系统并断电。通常,在手工安装过程中,anaconda 会显示一条信息并等待用户按任意键来重新启动系统。在 kickstart 的安装过程中,如果没有指定完成方法,将使用缺省的
reboot
选项。poweroff
选项和shutdown -p
基本相同。注意
Thepoweroff
option is highly dependent on the system hardware in use. Specifically, certain hardware components such as the BIOS, APM (advanced power management), and ACPI (advanced configuration and power interface) must be able to interact with the system kernel. Contact your manufacturer for more information on you system's APM/ACPI abilities.关于其他的完成方法,请参考halt
、reboot
和shutdown
kickstart 选项。 -
raid
(optional) - 组成软件 RAID 设备。该命令的格式是:
raid <mntpoint> --level=<level> --device=<mddevice> <partitions*>
- <mntpoint> — Location where the RAID file system is mounted. If it is
/
, the RAID level must be 1 unless a boot partition (/boot
) is present. If a boot partition is present, the/boot
partition must be level 1 and the root (/
) partition can be any of the available types. The <partitions*> (which denotes that multiple partitions can be listed) lists the RAID identifiers to add to the RAID array. --level=
— RAID level to use (0, 1, or 5).--device=
— Name of the RAID device to use (such as md0 or md1). RAID devices range from md0 to md15, and each may only be used once.--bytes-per-inode=
— Specifies the size of inodes on the filesystem to be made on the RAID device. Not all filesystems support this option, so it is silently ignored for those cases.--spares=
— Specifies the number of spare drives allocated for the RAID array. Spare drives are used to rebuild the array in case of drive failure.--fstype=
— Sets the file system type for the RAID array. Valid values are ext2, ext3, swap, and vfat.--fsoptions=
— Specifies a free form string of options to be used when mounting the filesystem. This string will be copied into the /etc/fstab file of the installed system and should be enclosed in quotes.--noformat
— Use an existing RAID device and do not format the RAID array.--useexisting
— Use an existing RAID device and reformat it.
下面的例子展示了假定系统里有三个 SCSI 磁盘的情况下,怎样创建/
上的 RAID 1 分区,以及/usr
上的 RAID 5 分区。它也为每个磁盘创建一个交换分区,一共三个。part raid.01 --size=60 --ondisk=sda part raid.02 --size=60 --ondisk=sdb part raid.03 --size=60 --ondisk=sdc
part swap --size=128 --ondisk=sda part swap --size=128 --ondisk=sdb part swap --size=128 --ondisk=sdc
part raid.11 --size=1 --grow --ondisk=sda part raid.12 --size=1 --grow --ondisk=sdb part raid.13 --size=1 --grow --ondisk=sdc
raid / --level=1 --device=md0 raid.01 raid.02 raid.03 raid /usr --level=5 --device=md1 raid.11 raid.12 raid.13
For a detailed example ofraid
in action, refer to 第 28.4.1 节 “高级的分区示例”. -
reboot
(optional) - 在成功完成安装(没有参数)后重新启动。通常,kickstart 会显示信息并等待用户按任意键来重新启动系统。
reboot
选项基本和shutdown -r
命令相同。注意
使用reboot
选项可能会导致安装的死循环,这依赖于安装介质和方法。如果在 kickstart 文件里没有显性地指定其他方法的话,reboot
选项是缺省的完成方法。关于其他的完成方法,请参考halt
、poweroff
和shutdown
kickstart 选项。 repo
(optional)- 配置用于软件包安装来源的额外的 yum 库。可以指定多个 repo 行。
repo --name=<repoid> [--baseurl=<url>| --mirrorlist=<url>]
--name=
— The repo id. This option is required.--baseurl=
— The URL for the repository. The variables that may be used in yum repo config files are not supported here. You may use one of either this option or --mirrorlist, not both.--mirrorlist=
— The URL pointing at a list of mirrors for the repository. The variables that may be used in yum repo config files are not supported here. You may use one of either this option or --baseurl, not both.
rootpw
(必需)rootpw [--iscrypted] <password>
--iscrypted
— If this is present, the password argument is assumed to already be encrypted.
selinux
(可选)selinux [--disabled|--enforcing|--permissive]
--enforcing
— Enables SELinux with the default targeted policy being enforced.注意
如果 kickstart 文件里没有selinux
选项,SELinux 将被启用并缺省设置为--enforcing
。--permissive
— Outputs warnings based on the SELinux policy, but does not actually enforce the policy.--disabled
— Disables SELinux completely on the system.
关于Red Hat Enterprise Linux里的 SELinux 的完整信息,请参阅《Red Hat Enterprise Linux Deployment Guide》。services
(可选)- Modifies the default set of services that will run under the default runlevel. The services listed in the disabled list will be disabled before the services listed in the enabled list are enabled.
--disabled
— Disable the services given in the comma separated list.--enabled
— Enable the services given in the comma separated list.
shutdown
(可选)- Shut down the system after the installation has successfully completed. During a kickstart installation, if no completion method is specified, the
reboot
option is used as default.shutdown
选项和shutdown
命令大体相同。关于其他的完成方法,请参考halt
、poweroff
和reboot
kickstart 选项。 skipx
(可选)text
(可选)timezone
(可选)timezone [--utc] <timezone>
--utc
— If present, the system assumes the hardware clock is set to UTC (Greenwich Mean) time.
upgrade
(可选)user
(可选)user --name=<username> [--groups=<list>] [--homedir=<homedir>] [--password=<password>] [--iscrypted] [--shell=<shell>] [--uid=<uid>]
--name=
— Provides the name of the user. This option is required.--groups=
— In addition to the default group, a comma separated list of group names the user should belong to.--homedir=
— The home directory for the user. If not provided, this defaults to /home/<username>.--password=
— The new user's password. If not provided, the account will be locked by default.--iscrypted=
— Is the password provided by --password already encrypted or not?--shell=
— The user's login shell. If not provided, this defaults to the system default.--uid=
— The user's UID. If not provided, this defaults to the next available non-system UID.
vnc
(可选)- Allows the graphical installation to be viewed remotely via VNC. This method is usually preferred over text mode, as there are some size and language limitations in text installs. With no options, this command will start a VNC server on the machine with no password and will print out the command that needs to be run to connect a remote machine.
vnc [--host=<hostname>] [--port=<port>] [--password=<password>]
--host=
— Instead of starting a VNC server on the install machine, connect to the VNC viewer process listening on the given hostname.--port=
— Provide a port that the remote VNC viewer process is listening on. If not provided, anaconda will use the VNC default.--password=
— Set a password which must be provided to connect to the VNC session. This is optional, but recommended.
volgroup
(可选)volgroup <name> <partition> <options>
这些选项如下所示:--noformat
— Use an existing volume group and do not format it.--useexisting
— Use an existing volume group and reformat it.--pesize=
— Set the size of the physical extents.
首先创建分区,然后创建逻辑卷组,再创建逻辑卷。例如:part pv.01 --size 3000 volgroup myvg pv.01 logvol / --vgname=myvg --size=2000 --name=rootvol
For a detailed example ofvolgroup
in action, refer to 第 28.4.1 节 “高级的分区示例”.xconfig
(可选)- Configures the X Window System. If this option is not given, the user must configure X manually during the installation, if X was installed; this option should not be used if X is not installed on the final system.
--driver
— Specify the X driver to use for the video hardware.--videoram=
— Specifies the amount of video RAM the video card has.--defaultdesktop=
— Specify either GNOME or KDE to set the default desktop (assumes that GNOME Desktop Environment and/or KDE Desktop Environment has been installed through%packages
).--startxonboot
— Use a graphical login on the installed system.--resolution=
— Specify the default resolution for the X Window System on the installed system. Valid values are 640x480, 800x600, 1024x768, 1152x864, 1280x1024, 1400x1050, 1600x1200. Be sure to specify a resolution that is compatible with the video card and monitor.--depth=
— Specify the default color depth for the X Window System on the installed system. Valid values are 8, 16, 24, and 32. Be sure to specify a color depth that is compatible with the video card and monitor.
zerombr
(可选)- If
zerombr
is specified any invalid partition tables found on disks are initialized. This destroys all of the contents of disks with invalid partition tables.Note that in previous versions of Red Hat Enterprise Linux, this command was specified aszerombr yes
. This form is now deprecated; you should now simply specifyzerombr
in your kickstart file instead. zfcp
(可选)zfcp [--devnum=<devnum>] [--fcplun=<fcplun>] [--scsiid=<scsiid>] [--scsilun=<scsilun>] [--wwpn=<wwpn>]
%include
(optional)
28.4.1. 高级的分区示例
下面是一个简单的、集成的示例,它展示了
clearpart
、raid
part
、 volgroup
和 logvol
等 kickstart 选项:
clearpart --drives=hda,hdc --initlabel # Raid 1 IDE config part raid.11 --size 1000 --asprimary --ondrive=hda part raid.12 --size 1000 --asprimary --ondrive=hda part raid.13 --size 2000 --asprimary --ondrive=hda part raid.14 --size 8000 --ondrive=hda part raid.15 --size 1 --grow --ondrive=hda part raid.21 --size 1000 --asprimary --ondrive=hdc part raid.22 --size 1000 --asprimary --ondrive=hdc part raid.23 --size 2000 --asprimary --ondrive=hdc part raid.24 --size 8000 --ondrive=hdc part raid.25 --size 1 --grow --ondrive=hdc # You can add --spares=x raid / --fstype ext3 --device md0 --level=RAID1 raid.11 raid.21 raid /safe --fstype ext3 --device md1 --level=RAID1 raid.12 raid.22 raid swap --fstype swap --device md2 --level=RAID1 raid.13 raid.23 raid /usr --fstype ext3 --device md3 --level=RAID1 raid.14 raid.24 raid pv.01 --fstype ext3 --device md4 --level=RAID1 raid.15 raid.25 # LVM configuration so that we can resize /var and /usr/local later volgroup sysvg pv.01 logvol /var --vgname=sysvg --size=8000 --name=var logvol /var/freespace --vgname=sysvg --size=8000 --name=freespacetouse logvol /usr/local --vgname=sysvg --size=1 --grow --name=usrlocal
这个高级示例实现了 RAID 上的 LVM,以及根据以后的需要重新调整不同目录的大小的能力。
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