8.4. 将日志转发到 LokiStack

要配置日志转发到 LokiStack 网关，您必须创建一个 ClusterLogging 自定义资源 (CR)。

先决条件

  • Red Hat OpenShift 的日志记录子系统： 5.5 及更新的版本
  • Loki Operator Operator

流程

  1. 创建或编辑定义 ClusterLogging 自定义资源 (CR )的 YAML 文件： 
apiVersion: logging.openshift.io/v1
kind: ClusterLogging
metadata:
  name: instance
  namespace: openshift-logging
spec:
  managementState: Managed
  logStore:
    type: lokistack
    lokistack:
      name: logging-loki
  collection:
    type: vector

8.4.1. 对 Loki "entry out of order" 进行故障排除

如果您的 Fluentd 将大量信息转发到超过速率限制的 Loki 日志记录系统，Locki 会生成 "entry out of order" 错误。要解决这个问题，您需要更新 Loki 服务器配置文件中 loki.yaml 中的一些值。

注意

loki.yaml 在 Grafana 托管的 Loki 中不可用。本主题不适用于 Grafana 托管的 Loki 服务器。

Conditions

  • ClusterLogForwarder 自定义资源配置为将日志转发到 Loki。

  • 您的系统向 Loki 发送大于 2 MB 的信息块，例如： 

    "values":[["1630410392689800468","{\"kind\":\"Event\",\"apiVersion\":\
.......
......
......
......
\"received_at\":\"2021-08-31T11:46:32.800278+00:00\",\"version\":\"1.7.4 1.6.0\"}},\"@timestamp\":\"2021-08-31T11:46:32.799692+00:00\",\"viaq_index_name\":\"audit-write\",\"viaq_msg_id\":\"MzFjYjJkZjItNjY0MC00YWU4LWIwMTEtNGNmM2E5ZmViMGU4\",\"log_type\":\"audit\"}"]]}]}

  • 当您进入 oc logs -c fluentd 时，OpenShift Logging 集群中的 Fluentd 日志会显示以下信息： 

    429 Too Many Requests Ingestion rate limit exceeded (limit: 8388608 bytes/sec) while attempting to ingest '2140' lines totaling '3285284' bytes

429 Too Many Requests Ingestion rate limit exceeded' or '500 Internal Server Error rpc error: code = ResourceExhausted desc = grpc: received message larger than max (5277702 vs. 4194304)'

  • 当您在 Loki 服务器上打开日志时，它们会显示 entry out of order 信息，类似： 

    ,\nentry with timestamp 2021-08-18 05:58:55.061936 +0000 UTC ignored, reason: 'entry out of order' for stream:

{fluentd_thread=\"flush_thread_0\", log_type=\"audit\"},\nentry with timestamp 2021-08-18 06:01:18.290229 +0000 UTC ignored, reason: 'entry out of order' for stream: {fluentd_thread="flush_thread_0", log_type="audit"}

流程

  1. 使用此处所示的值更新 Loki 服务器上的 loki.yaml 配置文件中的以下字段：

    • grpc_server_max_recv_msg_size: 8388608
    • chunk_target_size: 8388608
    • ingestion_rate_mb: 8
    • ingestion_burst_size_mb: 16
  2. 将 loki.yaml 中的更改应用到 Loki 服务器。

loki.yaml 文件示例

auth_enabled: false

server:
  http_listen_port: 3100
  grpc_listen_port: 9096
  grpc_server_max_recv_msg_size: 8388608

ingester:
  wal:
    enabled: true
    dir: /tmp/wal
  lifecycler:
    address: 127.0.0.1
    ring:
      kvstore:
        store: inmemory
      replication_factor: 1
    final_sleep: 0s
  chunk_idle_period: 1h       # Any chunk not receiving new logs in this time will be flushed
  chunk_target_size: 8388608
  max_chunk_age: 1h           # All chunks will be flushed when they hit this age, default is 1h
  chunk_retain_period: 30s    # Must be greater than index read cache TTL if using an index cache (Default index read cache TTL is 5m)
  max_transfer_retries: 0     # Chunk transfers disabled

schema_config:
  configs:
    - from: 2020-10-24
      store: boltdb-shipper
      object_store: filesystem
      schema: v11
      index:
        prefix: index_
        period: 24h

storage_config:
  boltdb_shipper:
    active_index_directory: /tmp/loki/boltdb-shipper-active
    cache_location: /tmp/loki/boltdb-shipper-cache
    cache_ttl: 24h         # Can be increased for faster performance over longer query periods, uses more disk space
    shared_store: filesystem
  filesystem:
    directory: /tmp/loki/chunks

compactor:
  working_directory: /tmp/loki/boltdb-shipper-compactor
  shared_store: filesystem

limits_config:
  reject_old_samples: true
  reject_old_samples_max_age: 12h
  ingestion_rate_mb: 8
  ingestion_burst_size_mb: 16

chunk_store_config:
  max_look_back_period: 0s

table_manager:
  retention_deletes_enabled: false
  retention_period: 0s

ruler:
  storage:
    type: local
    local:
      directory: /tmp/loki/rules
  rule_path: /tmp/loki/rules-temp
  alertmanager_url: http://localhost:9093
  ring:
    kvstore:
      store: inmemory
  enable_api: true

其他资源