4.3.7. 调试和解决 Seam 2.2 Booking 例程的运行时错误和异常
在前面的步骤 第 4.3.6 节 “调试和解决 Seam 2.2 Booking 例程的部署错误和异常” 里，您学习了如何调试部署错误，在这个步骤里，您会调试和解决您遇到的运行时错误。
重要
直接使用 Hibernate 的 Seam 2.2 应用程序可以使用包裹在应用程序里的一个 Hibernate 3 版本。而通过 JBoss EAP 6 的 org.hibernate 模块提供的 Hibernate 4，不被 Seam 2.2 支持。这个例子将帮助您在 JBoss EAp 6 运行应用程序。请注意，将 Hibernate 3 包裹在 Seam 2.2 应用程序不是被支持的配置。
过程 4.11. 调试和解决运行时错误和异常
目前，当您部署这个应用程序时，您没有在日志里看到任何错误。但是，当您访问这个程序的 URL 是，日志里就出现了错误。
- 问题 - javax.naming.NameNotFoundException: Name 'jboss-seam-booking' not found in context ''当您通过浏览器访问 URL http://localhost:8080/seam-booking/ 时，您会看到 "The page isn't redirecting properly" 且日志会包含下列错误：
SEVERE [org.jboss.seam.jsf.SeamPhaseListener] (http--127.0.0.1-8080-1) swallowing exception: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Could not start transaction at org.jboss.seam.jsf.SeamPhaseListener.begin(SeamPhaseListener.java:598) [jboss-seam.jar:] (... log messages removed ...) Caused by: org.jboss.seam.InstantiationException: Could not instantiate Seam component: org.jboss.seam.transaction.synchronizations at org.jboss.seam.Component.newInstance(Component.java:2170) [jboss-seam.jar:] (... log messages removed ...) Caused by: javax.naming.NameNotFoundException: Name 'jboss-seam-booking' not found in context '' at org.jboss.as.naming.util.NamingUtils.nameNotFoundException(NamingUtils.java:109) (... log messages removed ...)
它表示：NameNotFoundException表示了 JNDI 命名问题。JNDI 命名规则在 JBoss EAP 6 里已经进行了修改，所以您需要修改查找名称以遵循新的规则。如何解决这个问题：为了调集试，
15:01:16,138 INFO [org.jboss.as.ejb3.deployment.processors.EjbJndiBindingsDeploymentUnitProcessor] (MSC service thread 1-1) JNDI bindings for session bean named RegisterAction in deployment unit subdeployment "jboss-seam-booking.jar" of deployment "jboss-seam-booking.ear" are as follows: java:global/jboss-seam-booking/jboss-seam-booking.jar/RegisterAction!org.jboss.seam.example.booking.Register java:app/jboss-seam-booking.jar/RegisterAction!org.jboss.seam.example.booking.Register java:module/RegisterAction!org.jboss.seam.example.booking.Register java:global/jboss-seam-booking/jboss-seam-booking.jar/RegisterAction java:app/jboss-seam-booking.jar/RegisterAction java:module/RegisterAction [JNDI bindings continue ...]
日志里一共列出了 8 个 INFO JNDI 绑定，每个都对应一个会话 bean：RegisterAction、BookingListAction、HotelBookingAction、AuthenticatorAction、ChangePasswordAction、HotelSearchingAction、EjbSynchronizations 和 TimerServiceDispatcher。您需要修改 WAR 的lib/components.xml文件来使用新的 JNDI 绑定。在日志里，注意 EJB JNDI 绑定都以 "java:app/jboss-seam-booking.jar" 开始。请替换core:init元素：<!-- <core:init jndi-pattern="jboss-seam-booking/#{ejbName}/local" debug="true" distributable="false"/> --> <core:init jndi-pattern="java:app/jboss-seam-booking.jar/#{ejbName}" debug="true" distributable="false"/>然后，您需要添加 EjbSynchronizations 和 TimerServiceDispatcher JNDI 绑定。请添加下列 component 元素到这个文件里：<component class="org.jboss.seam.transaction.EjbSynchronizations" jndi-name="java:app/jboss-seam/EjbSynchronizations"/> <component class="org.jboss.seam.async.TimerServiceDispatcher" jndi-name="java:app/jboss-seam/TimerServiceDispatcher"/>
components.xml 文件应该类似于：<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <components xmlns="http://jboss.com/products/seam/components" xmlns:core="http://jboss.com/products/seam/core" xmlns:security="http://jboss.com/products/seam/security" xmlns:transaction="http://jboss.com/products/seam/transaction" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation= "http://jboss.com/products/seam/core http://jboss.com/products/seam/core-2.2.xsd http://jboss.com/products/seam/transaction http://jboss.com/products/seam/transaction-2.2.xsd http://jboss.com/products/seam/security http://jboss.com/products/seam/security-2.2.xsd http://jboss.com/products/seam/components http://jboss.com/products/seam/components-2.2.xsd"> <!-- <core:init jndi-pattern="jboss-seam-booking/#{ejbName}/local" debug="true" distributable="false"/> --> <core:init jndi-pattern="java:app/jboss-seam-booking.jar/#{ejbName}" debug="true" distributable="false"/> <core:manager conversation-timeout="120000" concurrent-request-timeout="500" conversation-id-parameter="cid"/> <transaction:ejb-transaction/> <security:identity authenticate-method="#{authenticator.authenticate}"/> <component class="org.jboss.seam.transaction.EjbSynchronizations" jndi-name="java:app/jboss-seam/EjbSynchronizations"/> <component class="org.jboss.seam.async.TimerServiceDispatcher" jndi-name="java:app/jboss-seam/TimerServiceDispatcher"/> </components>通过删除standalone/deployments/jboss-seam-booking.ear.failed文件并在相同目录里创建一个空白的jboss-seam-booking.ear.dodeploy文件来重新部署应用程序。 - 问题 - 应用程序部署和运行无误。当您访问 http://localhost:8080/seam-booking/ 并试图登陆时失败，错误消息为 "Login failed. Transaction failed."。您应该在服务器日志里看到如下异常跟踪信息：
13:36:04,631 WARN [org.jboss.modules] (http-/127.0.0.1:8080-1) Failed to define class org.jboss.seam.persistence.HibernateSessionProxy in Module "deployment.jboss-seam-booking.ear.jboss-seam.jar:main" from Service Module Loader: java.lang.LinkageError: Failed to link org/jboss/seam/persistence/HibernateSessionProxy (Module "deployment.jboss-seam-booking.ear.jboss-seam.jar:main" from Service Module Loader) .... Caused by: java.lang.LinkageError: Failed to link org/jboss/seam/persistence/HibernateSessionProxy (Module "deployment.jboss-seam-booking.ear.jboss-seam.jar:main" from Service Module Loader) ... Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/hibernate/engine/SessionImplementor at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method) [rt.jar:1.7.0_45] ... Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.hibernate.engine.SessionImplementor from [Module "deployment.jboss-seam-booking.ear.jboss-seam.jar:main" from Service Module Loader] ...
它表示：ClassNotFoundException 表示缺失的 Hibernate 库。在这个例子里是
hibernate-core.jar。如何解决这个问题：从
EAP5_HOME/seam/lib/目录复制hibernate-core.jarJAR 到jboss-seam-booking.ear/lib目录。通过删除standalone/deployments/jboss-seam-booking.ear.failed文件并在相同目录里创建一个空白的jboss-seam-booking.ear.dodeploy文件来重新部署应用程序。 - 问题 - 应用程序部署和运行无误。当您访问 http://localhost:8080/seam-booking/，您可以成功登录。然而，当您试图预订酒店时，您会看到如下异常跟踪信息：为了进行调试，您必须首先删除
jboss-seam-booking.ear/jboss-seam-booking.war/WEB-INF/lib/jboss-seam-debug.jar，因为它标记了真正的错误。此时，您应该看到如下错误：java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/hibernate/annotations/common/reflection/ReflectionManager
它表示：ClassNotFoundException 表示有缺失的 Hibernate 库。
如何解决这个问题：从
EAP5_HOME/seam/lib/目录复制hibernate-annotations.jar和hibernate-commons-annotations.jar到jboss-seam-booking.ear/lib目录。通过删除standalone/deployments/jboss-seam-booking.ear.failed文件并在相同目录里创建一个空白的jboss-seam-booking.ear.dodeploy文件来重新部署应用程序。 - 运行时和应用程序错误应该被解决此时，应用程序已部署且运行无误。
