1.1 Release Notes
Release Notes for Red Hat Software Collections
Edition 0
Abstract
Chapter 1. Red Hat Software Collections 1.1
/opt directory and can be optionally enabled per application by the user using the supplied scl utility. The default versions of Perl or PostgreSQL, for example, remain those provided by the base Red Hat Enterprise Linux system.
1.1. Main Features
Table 1.1. Red Hat Software Collections 1.1 Components
| Component | Software Collection | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Perl 5.16.3 | perl516 | A release of Perl with a number of additional utilities, scripts, and database connectors for MySQL and PostgreSQL. This version provides a large number of new features and enhancements, including new debugging options, improved Unicode support, and better performance. Also, it adds perl-DateTime and mod_perl, which is supported only with the httpd24 Software Collection package. |
| PHP 5.4.16 | php54 | A release of PHP with PEAR 1.9.4 and a number of additional extensions. PHP 5.4 provides a number of language and interface improvements. The APC, memcache, and Zend OPcache extensions are also included. |
| PHP 5.5.6 | php55 | A release of PHP with enhanced language features including better exception handling, generators, and Zend OPcache. The memcache and mongodb extensions are also included. |
| Python 2.7.5 | python27 | A release of Python 2.7 with a number of additional utilities. This Python version provides various new features and enhancements, including a new ordered dictionary type, faster I/O operations, and improved forward compatibility with Python 3. The python27 Software Collections contains the Python 2.7.5 interpreter, a set of extension libraries useful for programming web applications and mod_wsgi (only supported with the httpd24 Software Collection), MySQL and PostgreSQL database connectors, and numpy and scipy. |
| Python 3.3.2 | python33 | A release of Python 3 with a number of additional utilities. This Software Collection gives developers on Red Hat Enterprise Linux access to Python 3 and allows them to benefit from various advantages and new features of this version. The python33 Software Collection contains Python 3.3.2 interpreter, a set of extension libraries useful for programming web applications and mod_wsgi (only supported with the httpd24 Software Collection), PostgreSQL database connector, and numpy and scipy. |
| Ruby 1.9.3[a] | ruby193 | A release of Ruby 1.9.3 and Ruby on Rails 3.2.8 with a large collection of Ruby gems. This Software Collection gives developers on Red Hat Enterprise Linux access to Ruby 1.9, which provides a number of new features and enhancements, including improved Unicode support, enhanced threading, faster load times, and mod_passenger, which is supported only with the httpd24 Software Collection package. |
| Ruby 2.0.0 | ruby200 | A release of Ruby 2.0.0. This version provides substantial performance and reliability improvements and includes a number of new features and improved debugging capabilities, while maintaining source level backward compatibility with Ruby 1.9.3. |
| Ruby on Rails 4.0.2[a] | ror40 | A release of Ruby on Rails 4.0, a web application development framework written in the Ruby language. This version provides a number of new features and improvements and adds live streaming for persistent connections. This Software Collection is supported together with the ruby200 collection. |
| MariaDB 5.5.37 | mariadb55 | A release of MariaDB, an alternative to MySQL for users of Red Hat Enterprise Linux. MySQL is binary compatible with MariaDB and can be replaced with it without any data conversions. This version adds the PAM authentication plugin to MariaDB. |
| MongoDB 2.4.9[b] | mongodb24 | A release of MongoDB, a cross-platform document-oriented database system classified as a NoSQL database. This Software Collection includes the mongo-java-driver package. |
| MySQL 5.5.37 | mysql55 | A release of MySQL, which provides a number of new features and enhancements, including improved performance. |
| PostgreSQL 9.2.8 | postgresql92 | A release of PostgreSQL, which provides a number of new features and enhancements, including cascading replication, native JSON support, improved scalability, and better performance. |
| Node.js 0.10[b][c] | nodejs010 | A release of Node.js with npm 1.3.24. This Software Collection gives users of Red Hat Enterprise Linux access to this programming platform. |
| nginx 1.4.4[d] | nginx14 | A release of nginx, a web and proxy server with a focus on high concurrency, performance and low memory usage. |
| Apache httpd 2.4.6 | httpd24 | A release of the Apache HTTP Server (httpd), including a high performance event-based processing model, enhanced SSL module and FastCGI support. The mod_auth_kerb module is also included. |
| Thermostat 1 | thermostat1 | A release of Thermostat, a monitoring and instrumentation tool for the OpenJDK HotSpot JVM, with support for monitoring multiple JVM instances. This Software Collection depends on the mongodb24 component. |
[a]
A part of this Software Collection requires a JavaScript engine. The v8314 Software Collection included in Red Hat Software Collections 1.1 provides the V8 JavaScript engine and is supported only as the Software Collection's dependency.
[b]
This Software Collection also requires v8314. The v8314 Software Collection included in Red Hat Software Collections 1.1 provides the V8 JavaScript engine and is supported only as the Software Collection's dependency.
[c]
In Red Hat Software Collections 1.1, Node.js is included as a Technology Preview. For more information about Red Hat Technology Previews, see https://access.redhat.com/support/offerings/techpreview/.
[d]
In Red Hat Software Collections 1.1, nginx is included as a Technology Preview. For more information about Red Hat Technology Previews, see https://access.redhat.com/support/offerings/techpreview/.
| ||
1.2. Changes in Red Hat Software Collections 1.1
1.2.1. New Components
- php55
- ruby200
- ror40
- mongodb24
- nginx14
- httpd24
- thermostat1
- v8314 - the v8314 Software Collection is supported only as a dependency for the mongodb24, ruby193, ror40, and nodejs010 Software Collections.
1.2.2. New Component: Thermostat 1
Agent, which collects data, and a Client, which allows users to visualize collected data. These components communicate via a storage layer: either directly via MongoDB or indirectly via a Web layer for increased security. A pluggable agent and GUI framework allows for collection and visualization of performance data beyond what is included out of the box.
root:
yum install thermostat1scl enable thermostat1 bashsudo service thermostat1-thermostat-tomcat start1.2.3. New Component: Ruby on Rails 4.0
scl enable ror40 bash1.2.4. New Component: MongoDB 2.4.9
root:
yum install mongodb24scl enable mongodb24 'mongo'MongoDB 2.4.9 on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
sudo service mongodb24-mongodb startsudo chkconfig mongodb24-mongodb onsudo service mongodb24-mongodb-shard startsudo chkconfig mongodb24-mongodb-shard onMongoDB 2.4.9 on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
sudo systemctl start mongodb24-mongodb.servicesudo systemctl enable mongodb24-mongodb.servicesudo systemctl start mongodb24-mongodb-shard.servicesudo systemctl enable mongodb24-mongodb-shard.service1.3. Compatibility Information
1.4. Known Issues
-
nodejs-hawkcomponent - The nodejs-hawk package uses an implementation of the SHA-1 and SHA-256 algorithms adopted from the CryptoJS project. In this release, the client-side JavaScript is obfuscated. The future fix will involve using crypto features directly from the CryptoJS library.
-
postgresqlcomponent - The postgresql92 package for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 does not provide the
sepgsqlmodule as this feature requires installation of libselinux version 2.0.99, which is not available in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6. -
python27andpython33components - Due to a bug in the redhat-rpm-config package, it is not possible to rebuild the python27 and python33 packages on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.2 Extended Update Support.
-
coreutilscomponent - Some utilities, for example, su, login or screen do not export environment settings in all cases, which can lead to unexpected results. It is therefore recommended to use sudo instead of su and set the
env_keepenvironment variable in the/etc/sudoersfile. Alternatively, you can run commands in a reverse order; for example:su -l postgres -c "scl enable postgresql92 psql"instead ofscl enable postgresql92 bashsu -l postgres -c psqlWhen using tools like screen or login, you can use the following command to preserve the environment settings:source /opt/rh/<collection_name>/enable. -
httpd,mariadb,mongodb,mysql,nodejs,perl,php55,python27,python33,ruby193,ror40,ruby200,thermostat, andv8314components - When uninstalling the httpd24, mariadb55, mongodb24, mysql55, nodejs010, perl516, php55, python27, python33, ruby193, ror40, ruby200, thermostat1, or v8314 packages, the order of uninstalling can be relevant due to ownership of dependent packages. As a consequence, some directories and files might not be removed properly and might remain on the system.
-
mariadb,mysql,postgresql,mongodbcomponents - Red Hat Software Collections contains the MySQL 5.5, MariaDB 5.5, PostgreSQL 9.2 and MongoDB 2.4 databases. The core Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 provides earlier versions of the MySQL and PostgreSQL databases (client library and daemon). The core Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 provides the same versions of the MariaDB and PostgreSQL databases (client library and daemon). Client libraries are also used in database connectors for dynamic languages, libraries, and so on.The client library packaged in the Red Hat Software Collections database packages in the PostgreSQL component is not supposed to be used, as it is included only for purposes of server utilities and the daemon. Users are instead expected to use the system library and the database connectors provided with the core system.A protocol, which is used between the client library and the daemon, is stable across database versions, so, for example, using the PostgreSQL 8.4 client library with the PostgreSQL 9.2 daemon works as expected.The core Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 does not include the client library for MongoDB. In order to use this client library for your application, you should use the client library from Red Hat Software Collections and always use the
scl enable ...call every time you run an application linked against this MongoDB client library. -
mariadb,mysql,mongodbcomponents - MariaDB, MySQL, and MongoDB do not make use of the
/opt/<provider>/<collection>/rootprefix when creating log files. Note that log files are saved in the/var/log/directory, not/opt/<provider>/<collection>/root/var/log/. -
mongodb,thermostatcomponents - The Java driver from the MongoDB collection and most of the Thermostat collection cannot be rebuilt on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6. The following steps are necessary before rebuilding the mongodb24 or thermostat1 components on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 from the provided source RPM (SRPM) packages:
- Install the java-1.7.0-openjdk package from Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3 or later and all its dependencies.
- Download, build, and install the maven package and all its dependencies from the SRPM packages for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Beta or later. For architecture-independent packages it is possible to use the binary packages provided for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.
- Download and build the main collection SRPM (mongodb24 or thermostat1).
- Download and build additional SRPM packages including their dependencies.
-
httpdcomponent - Compiling external applications against the Apache Portable Runtime (APR) and APR-util libraries from the httpd24 Software Collection is not supported. The LD_LIBRARY_PATH is not set in httpd24 because it is not required by any application in this Software Collection.
-
httpd,ruby193components - httpd is unable to execute the binary files in the mod_passenger module, namely
PassengerWatchdog,PassengerHelperAgent,PassengerLoggingAgent, andSpawnPreparerin the/opt/rh/ruby193/root/usr/lib64/gems/exts/passenger-4.0.18/agents/directory. To work around this problem, disable SELinux by running the following command asroot:setenforce 0 -
nginxcomponent - In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6, no SELinux policy is applied for the nginx daemon.
-
mariadbcomponent - The permissions for the
/var/log/mariadb55-mariadb/directory, in which the log file is stored, are set incorrectly. Consequently, when the/var/log/mariadb55-mariadb/mariadb.logfile is removed in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7, the service fails to start because themysqlddaemon does not have permission to create log files. To work around this problem, either do not remove the log file or change the owner of the/var/log/mariadb55-mariadb/directory tomysql:mysql. -
thermostatcomponent - Thermostat applies configuration only from the
USER_THERMOSTAT_HOME/etc/ssl.propertiesfile while theTHERMOSTAT_HOME/etc/ssl.propertiesfile is ignored. Consequently, Transport Layer Security (TLS) handshakes can fail because the configuration appears to be missing. To work around this problem, specify the TLS configuration in theUSER_THERMOSTAT_HOME/etc/ssl.propertiesfile. You can copy a template fromTHERMOSTAT_HOME/etc/ssl.properties. Please refer to the Thermostat User Guide for differences between installation location and user data location. -
thermostatcomponent - Thermostat ignores the
CONFIG_LISTEN_ADDRESSandSAVE_ON_EXITproperties in the system-wideagent.propertiesfile. Consequently, it is impossible to configure a system-wide alternative command channel address or change Thermostat's system-wide behavior of purging its collected data on exit. To work around this problem, set the desired property in the user-specific agent properties file,USER_THERMOSTAT_HOME/etc/agent.properties. -
thermostatcomponent - The number of threads, which Thermostat uses to retrieve data from database back end, is configured incorrectly. As a consequence, the graphical client is significantly slow, especially when a large number of data is collected to display. The problem is particularly noticeable in the web back end due to network latency.
-
mysql, mariadbcomponents - In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7, the
mariadb55-mariadbandmysql55-mysqldservices run under themysqluser account by default. When the/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sockUNIX socket file is created by a different user, the services have insufficient permissions to check whether a process is listening on the socket but the services have sufficient permissions to delete the socket file. Consequently, themariadb55-mariadbandmysql55-mysqldservices can delete the socket file while a process is still using it. -
perlcomponent - In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7, the perl516 Software Collection tapset conflicts with the core system tapset. As a consequence, the
systemtaputility does not work correctly for perl516. To work around this problem:- Either copy the perl516 tapset to a file renamed by adding the Software Collection's prefix - to do so, use the following command:
cp /opt/rh/perl516/root/usr/share/systemtap/tapset/libperl5.16.3-64.stp /opt/rh/perl516/root/usr/share/systemtap/tapset/perl516-libperl5.16.3-64.stp - Or uninstall the core system perl-devel package.
-
python27component - In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7, when the user tries to install the python27-python-debuginfo package, the
/usr/src/debug/Python-2.7.5/Modules/socketmodule.cfile conflicts with the corresponding file from the python-debuginfo package installed on the core system. Consequently, installation of the python27-python-debuginfo fails. To work around this problem, uninstall the python-debuginfo package and then install the python27-python-debuginfo package.
Other Notes
-
php54component - Note that Alternative PHP Cache (APC) in Red Hat Software Collections 1.1 is provided for user data cache only. For opcode cache, Zend OPcache is provided.
-
nodejscomponent - The nodejs-tobi-cookie package has been renamed to nodejs-cookie-jar.
-
rubycomponent - Previously, in Red Hat Software Collections 1.0, the V8 JavaScript engine was part of the ruby193 Software Collection. In Red Hat Software Collections 1.1, the v8 packages have been replaced by the v8314 Software Collection, which is installed as a dependency. In order to use therubyracer, it is necessary to enable the v8314 Software Collection as well.
-
nodejscomponent - Previously, in Red Hat Software Collections 1.0, the V8 JavaScript engine was part of the nodejs010 Software Collection. In Red Hat Software Collections 1.1, the v8 packages have been replaced by the v8314 Software Collection, which is installed as a dependency.
-
pythoncomponent - When the user tries to install both the python27-scldevel and python33-scldevel packages, a transaction check error message is returned. This is an expected behavior because the user can install only one set of the macro files provided by the packages (
%scl_python,%scl_prefix_python). -
phpcomponent - When the user tries to install both the php54-scldevel and php55-scldevel packages, a transaction check error message is returned. This is an expected behavior because the user can install only one set of the macro files provided by the packages (
%scl_php,%scl_prefix_php). -
rubycomponent - When the user tries to install both the ruby193-scldevel and ruby200-scldevel packages, a transaction check error message is returned. This is an expected behavior because the user can install only one set of the macro files provided by the packages (
%scl_ruby,%scl_prefix_ruby). -
libyamlcomponent - A newer version of the libyaml package is provided with Red Hat Software Collections 1.1 for use by Red Hat Software Collections.
-
nodejscomponent - When installing the nodejs010 Software Collection, nodejs010 installs GCC in the base Red Hat Enterprise Linux system as a dependency, unless the gcc packages are already installed.
-
mariadbcomponent - In Red Hat Software Collections 1.1 for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7, the
mariadb55-mysqld.servicefile has been renamed tomariadb55-mariadb.serviceand the/var/log/mariadb55-mysqld.logfile has been moved to/var/log/mariadb55-mariadb/mariadb55-mariadb.log, for the sake of consistency with Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.
Chapter 2. Installation and Usage
2.1. Getting Access to Red Hat Software Collections
Important
2.1.1. Using Red Hat Subscription Management
- Display a list of all subscriptions that are available for your system and determine the pool ID of a subscription that provides Red Hat Software Collections. To do so, type the following at a shell prompt as
root:subscription-manager list --availableFor each available subscription, this command displays its name, unique identifier, expiration date, and other details related to it. The pool ID is listed on a line beginning withPool Id. - Attach the appropriate subscription to your system by running the following command as
root:subscription-manager subscribe --pool=pool_idReplace pool_id with the pool ID you determined in the previous step. To verify the list of subscriptions your system has currently attached, run asroot:subscription-manager list --consumed - Display the list of available Yum list repositories to retrieve repository metadata and determine the exact name of the Red Hat Software Collections repositories. As
root, type:yum repolist allThe repository names depend on the specific version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux you are using and are in the following format:rhel-variant-rhscl-6-rpms rhel-variant-rhscl-6-debug-rpms rhel-variant-rhscl-6-source-rpms rhel-server-rhscl-6-eus-rpms rhel-server-rhscl-6-eus-source-rpms rhel-server-rhscl-6-eus-debug-rpms rhel-variant-rhscl-7-rpms rhel-variant-rhscl-7-debug-rpms rhel-variant-rhscl-7-source-rpms
Replace variant with the Red Hat Enterprise Linux system variant, that is,serverorworkstation. Note that Red Hat Software Collections is supported neither on theClientnor on theComputeNodevariant. - Enable the appropriate repository by running the following command as
root:yum-config-manager --enable repository
2.1.2. Using RHN Classic
- Display a list of all channels that are available to you and determine the exact name of the Red Hat Software Collections channel. To do so, type the following at a shell prompt as
root:rhn-channel --available-channelsThe name of the channel depends on the specific version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux you are using and is in the following format, where variant is the Red Hat Enterprise Linux system variant (serverorworkstation):rhel-x86_64-variant-6-rhscl-1 rhel-x86_64-server-6.3.z-rhscl-1 rhel-x86_64-server-6.4.z-rhscl-1 rhel-x86_64-server-6.5.z-rhscl-1 rhel-x86_64-variant-7-rhscl-1
Note that Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 channels are accessible only through Red Hat Satellite instances. - Subscribe the system to the Red Hat Software Collections channel by running the following command as
root:rhn-channel --add --channel=channel_nameReplace channel_name with the name you determined in the previous step. - Verify the list of channels you are subscribed to. As
root, type:rhn-channel --list
2.2. Installing Red Hat Software Collections
Important
Optional channel to be enabled in order to complete the full installation of these packages:
- The php54-php-imap and php55-php-imap packages require the libc-client package from the Optional channel.
- The php54-php-recode and php55-php-recode packages require the recode package from the Optional channel.
- The perl516-perl-devel package requires the gdbm-devel package from the Optional channel.
- The mariadb55-mariadb-bench package requires the perl-GD package from the Optional channel.
Optional channel are required:
- The Node.js Software Collection depends on the nodejs010-nodejs-devel package, which requires the c-ares-devel package from the Optional channel (applicable to minimal install).
- The httpd24-mod_ldap package requires the apr-util-ldap package from the Optional channel.
- The php54-php-pspell and php55-php-pspell packages require the aspell package from the Optional channel.
- The python27-python-debug package requires the tix package from the Optional channel.
- The thermostat1-thermostat package requires the apache-commons-beanutils, jansi, hawtjni, jansi-native, and objectweb-asm packages from the Optional channel (applicable to minimal install).
- The thermostat1-thermostat-webapp package requires the felix-framework package from the Optional channel (applicable to minimal install).
- The thermostat1-netty package requires the jzlib package from the Optional channel (applicable to minimal install).
- The apache-commons-logging package requires the xerces-j2 package from the Optional channel (applicable to minimal install).
Important
Important
2.2.1. Installing Individual Software Collections
root:
yum install software_collection...root:
~]# yum install php54 mariadb552.2.2. Installing Optional Packages
yum list available software_collection-\*root:
yum install package_name...~]# yum install perl516-perl-CPAN perl516-perl-Archive-Tar2.2.3. Installing Debugging Information
root:
debuginfo-install package_name~]# debuginfo-install ruby193-rubyrhel-variant-rhscl-6-debug-rpms repository as described in Section 2.1.1, “Using Red Hat Subscription Management”. If your system is registered with RHN Classic, subscribe the system to the rhel-x86_64-variant-6-rhscl-1-debuginfo channel as described in Section 2.1.2, “Using RHN Classic”. For more information on how to get access to debuginfo packages, see https://access.redhat.com/site/solutions/9907.
2.3. Uninstalling Red Hat Software Collections
root:
yum remove software_collection\*2.4. Rebuilding Red Hat Software Collections
rpmbuild --define 'scl foo' command, you first need to rebuild the metapackage, which provides the <collection>-build package.
2.5. Using Red Hat Software Collections
2.5.1. Running an Executable from a Software Collection
scl enable software_collection... 'command...'scl enable software_collection... -- command...hello.pl with the Perl interpreter from the perl516 Software Collection, type:
~]$ scl enable perl516 'perl hello.pl'
Hello, World!scl utility, causing it to be run with the executables from a selected Software Collection in preference to their possible Red Hat Enterprise Linux system equivalents. For a complete list of Software Collections that are distributed with Red Hat Software Collections, see Table 1.1, “Red Hat Software Collections 1.1 Components”.
2.5.2. Running a Shell Session with a Software Collection as Default
scl enable software_collection... bash~]$ scl enable python27 postgresql92 bash$X_SCLS environment variable, for instance:
~]$ echo $X_SCLS
python27 postgresql922.5.3. Running a System Service from a Software Collection
/etc/rc.d/init.d/ directory. To start such a service in the current session, type the following at a shell prompt as root:
service software_collection-service_name startroot:
chkconfig software_collection-service_name onpostgresql service from the postgresql92 Software Collection and enable it in runlevels 2, 3, 4, and 5, type as root:
~]#service postgresql92-postgresql startStarting postgresql92-postgresql service: [ OK ] ~]#chkconfig postgresql92-postgresql on
2.6. Accessing a Manual Page from a Software Collection
/opt/rh directory.
scl enable software_collection 'man software_collection'~]$ scl enable mariadb55 "man mariadb55"2.7. Deploying Applications That Use Red Hat Software Collections
- Install all required Software Collections and packages manually and then deploy your application, or
- Create a new Software Collection for your application and specify all required Software Collections and other packages as dependencies.
2.8. Migrating from MySQL 5.1 to MySQL 5.5
2.8.1. Notable Differences Between MySQL 5.1 and MySQL 5.5
- Starting with MySQL 5.5, the InnoDB storage engine (formerly known as InnoDB Plugin) is the default storage engine.
- InnoDB and some other plug-ins (for example, archive, blackhole and federated) were installable plug-ins in MySQL 5.1. Starting with MySQL 5.5, these plug-ins became compiled-in storage engines, that is, they cannot be installed or uninstalled by default.
- If you used InnoDB Plugin and it was loaded using the
plugin-load=innodb=ha_innodb_plugin.soconfiguration option, you need to remove this configuration option as it does not work in MySQL 5.5. - In MySQL 5.1, InnoDB Plugin included a configuration variable
innodb_file_io_threads. However, this variable does not exist in MySQL 5.5; new variables,innodb_read_io_threadsandinnodb_write_io_threads, are used instead. To ensure proper functionality, either remove the former variable from the configuration file or replace it with the current variables. - When upgrading from MySQL 5.1 to MySQL 5.5 using the in-place upgrading method, the
mysql.proxies_privtable will not exist. To create the missing table, the mysql_upgrade utility has to be run as soon as the new daemon is started. - MySQL 5.5 uses latin1 for the
stopwordfile if thecharacter_set_servervariable is ucs2, utf16 or utf32. Thus, if the table uses FULLTEXT indexes in these cases, users should repair the table using theREPAIR TABLE table_name QUICK. - MySQL 5.1 used the
languagevariable for specifying the directory which included the error message file. This option is now deprecated and has been replaced by thelc_messages_dirandlc_messagesoptions. This also applies for configuration options. Also, error messages no longer contain mixed set of character sets and error messages are returned in the set following thecharacter_set_resultssystem variable instead. That is, some error messages can be different in MySQL 5.5.
Important
2.8.2. Upgrading from MySQL 5.1 to MySQL 5.5
- In the first scenario, the whole dump of all databases from one database is generated, mysql is run with the dump file as an input, using mysqlimport or the
LOAD DATA INFILESQL command within the other database. At the same time, the appropriate daemons have to be running during both dumping and restoring. You can use the--all-databasesoption in the mysqldump call to include all databases in the dump. The--routines,--triggersand--eventsoptions can also be used if needed. - During the in-place upgrade, the data files are copied from one database directory to another database directory. The daemons should not be running at the time of copying. Set the appropriate permissions and SELinux context for copied files.
mysql_upgrade command. Running mysql_upgrade is necessary to check and repair internal tables.
Important
mysql_upgrade script, should be run inside the scl enable environment.
root user has a non-empty password defined (it should have it defined), it is necessary to call the mysql_upgrade utility with the -p option and specify the password.
my.cnf file to reflect the environment.
Example 2.1. Dump and Restore Upgrade
~]#service mysqld startStarting mysqld: [ OK ] ~]#mysqldump --all-databases --routines --events > dump.sql~]#service mysqld stopStopping mysqld: [ OK ] ~]#service mysql55-mysqld startStarting mysql55-mysqld: [ OK ] ~]#scl enable mysql55 'mysql' < dump.sql~]#scl enable mysql55 'mysql_upgrade -u root -p'Enter password: Looking for 'mysql' as: mysql Looking for 'mysqlcheck' as: mysqlcheck Running 'mysqlcheck with default connection arguments Running 'mysqlcheck with default connection arguments a.t1 OK mysql.columns_priv OK <skipped tables list> mysql.user OK Running 'mysql_fix_privilege_tables'... OK
Example 2.2. In-place Upgrade
~]#service mysqld stopStopping mysqld: [ OK ] ~]#service mysql55-mysqld stopStopping mysql55-mysqld: [ OK ] ~]#rm -rf /opt/rh/mysql55/root/var/lib/mysql/~]#cp -r /var/lib/mysql/ /opt/rh/mysql55/root/var/lib/~]#chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/rh/mysql55/root/var/lib/mysql/~]#restorecon -R /opt/rh/mysql55/root/var/lib/mysql/~]#service mysql55-mysqld startStarting mysql55-mysqld: [ OK ] ~]#scl enable mysql55 'mysql_upgrade -u root -p'Enter password: Looking for 'mysql' as: mysql Looking for 'mysqlcheck' as: mysqlcheck Running 'mysqlcheck with default connection arguments Running 'mysqlcheck with default connection arguments a.t1 OK mysql.columns_priv OK <skipped tables list> mysql.user OK Running 'mysql_fix_privilege_tables'... OK
Important
- The mariadb55 component name should be used instead of the mysql55, so replace all occurrences of
mysql55withmariadb55. - The
systemdunit name for MariaDB 5.5. ismariadb55-mariadbin Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7, while theSysVunit script for MariaDB 5.5 is calledmariadb55-mysqldin Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
2.8.3. Using the mysql55-mysql-devel Package
2.8.3.1. Using Database Connectors for Dynamic Languages
Important
mysqlnd driver will not be able to connect to the database. This is because the old_password setting in the /etc/my.cnf file is turned off by default on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 while it is enabled on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5. To work around this problem, set old_password to 0, restart the MariaDB or MySQL service and set a new password for each user.
2.8.3.2. Building Applications for MySQL 5.5 from Red Hat Software Collections
scl enable mysql55 '...' call.
2.9. Migrating from PostgreSQL 8.4 to PostgreSQL 9.2
2.9.1. Notable Differences Between PostgreSQL 8.4 and PostgreSQL 9.2
- The following server configuration parameters have been removed and are no longer supported:
add_missing_from,regex_flavor,silent_mode,wal_sender_delay, andcustom_variable_classes. Do not use any of these parameters in the new configuration file. - The
unix_socket_directoryparameter has been renamed tounix_socket_directoriesand can now be used to specify more than one UNIX socket to listen on. To do so, provide a list of comma-separated directories as the value of this option. The default value remains unchanged and is/tmp. - New configuration parameters
ssl_ca_file,ssl_cert_file,ssl_crl_file, andssl_key_filehave been added. These configuration parameters can be used to specify the locations of server-side SSL files that were previously hard-coded as relative paths to theroot.crt,server.crt,root.crl, andserver.keyfiles in the data directory.Note that the PostgreSQL server no longer reads theroot.crtandroot.crlfiles by default. To load these files, change the corresponding parameters to non-default values. - The
=>operator has been removed and users are now advised to use thehstore(text, text)function. - The default value of the
standard_conforming_stringsconfiguration parameter is nowon. This configuration parameter controls if ordinary string literals (strings enclosed in single quotes) treat backslashes literally as specified in the SQL standard. - A new configuration parameter,
backslash_quote, has been added. This configuration parameter can be used to control whether a single quotation mark can be represented by\'in string literals. The default value issafe_encoding, which permits the use of\'only when the client encoding does not allow ASCII backslashes in multi-byte characters. As a consequence,\'can now be interpreted differently only in specific cases and only in string literals that do not conform to standards, including escape string syntax,E'value'. - PostgreSQL 9.0 introduced access privileges for large objects. Consequently, a new configuration parameter,
lo_compat_privileges, has been added to allow you to disable security checks related to the large objects affected by this change. To disable these security checks, change the value of this configuration parameter toon. The default value isoff.
2.9.2. Upgrading from PostgreSQL 8.4 to PostgreSQL 9.2
Important
/var/lib/pgsql/data/ directory.
Procedure 2.1. Performing In-place Upgrade
- Stop the old PostgreSQL server to ensure that the data is not in an inconsistent state. To do so, type the following at a shell prompt as
root:service postgresql stopTo verify that the server is not running, type:service postgresql status - Verify that the new data directory located in
/opt/rh/postgresql92/root/var/lib/pgsql/data/does not exist:file /opt/rh/postgresql92/root/var/lib/pgsql/data/If you are running a fresh installation of PostgreSQL 9.2, this directory should not be present in your system. If it is, back it up by running the following command asroot:mv /opt/rh/postgresql92/root/var/lib/pgsql/data{,-scl-backup} - Copy the old database data to the new location by typing the following at a shell prompt as
root:cp -ra /var/lib/pgsql/data/ /opt/rh/postgresql92/root/var/lib/pgsql/ - Open the
/opt/rh/postgresql92/root/var/lib/pgsql/data/pg_hba.confconfiguration file and verify that thepostgresuser is allowed to connect to the PostgreSQL server fromlocalhostwithout a password. If not, you can edit this file and temporarily set the authentication method for thepostgresuser totrustorident. For a detailed description of thepg_hba.conffile and a complete list of available configuration options, see the official documentation. - Upgrade the database data for the new server by running the following command as
root:service postgresql92-postgresql upgradeIt is recommended that you read the resulting/opt/rh/postgresql92/root/var/lib/pgsql/pgupgrade.loglog file to see if there were any problems with the upgrade. - Start the new server as
root:service postgresql92-postgresql startIt is also advised that you run theanalyze_new_cluster.shscript as follows:su - postgres -c 'scl enable postgresql92 ~/analyze_new_cluster.sh' - Optionally, you can configure the PostgreSQL 9.2 server to start automatically at boot time. To disable the old PostgreSQL 8.4 server, run the following command as
root:chkconfig postgresql offTo enable the PostgreSQL 9.2 server, type asroot:chkconfig postgresql92-postgresql on
Procedure 2.2. Performing a Dump and Restore Upgrade
- Ensure that the old PostgreSQL server is running by typing the following at a shell prompt as
root:service postgresql start - Dump all data in the PostgreSQL database into a script file. As
root, type:su - postgres -c 'pg_dumpall > ~/pgdump_file.sql' - Stop the old server by running the following command as
root:service postgresql stop - Initialize the data directory for the new server as
root:service postgresql92-postgresql initdb - Start the new server as
root:service postgresql92-postgresql start - Import data from the previously created SQL file:
su - postgres -c 'scl enable postgresql92 "psql -f ~/pgdump_file.sql postgres"' - Optionally, you can configure the PostgreSQL 9.2 server to start automatically at boot time. To disable the old PostgreSQL 8.4 server, run the following command as
root:chkconfig postgresql offTo enable the PostgreSQL 9.2 server, type asroot:chkconfig postgresql92-postgresql on - If your configuration differs from the default one, make sure to update configuration files, especially the
/opt/rh/postgresql92/root/var/lib/pgsql/data/pg_hba.confconfiguration file. Otherwise only thepostgresuser will be allowed to access the database.
2.10. Reporting Bugs in Red Hat Software Collections
- Navigate to Bugzilla, the Red Hat bug-tracking system. Note that you need to be logged in, or you will be prompted to do so.
- On the top bar, click on and on the next page, choose . This brings you to a page with a list of Red Hat Products.
- Click on , which brings you to this form.
- Fill in the relevant fields.
- (a required field): a package name without a prefix.
- (a required field):
RHSCL-1-software_collection - (a required field).
- : this field provides a simple template which can help you describe the bug. It is important to provide as much information about the problem as possible.
- Optionally, you can add an attachment, which can be a screenshot of the problem, a patch, or similar.
- Once you have completed your bug report, press the button. Your report will be assigned a Bugzilla number so you can get back to it later.
Chapter 3. Additional Resources
3.1. Red Hat Enterprise Linux Developer Program Group
3.2. Red Hat Product Documentation
- Red Hat Developer Toolset Software Collections Guide — The Software Collections Guide for Red Hat Developer Toolset explains the concept of Software Collections, documents the
sclutility, and provides a detailed explanation of how to create a custom Software Collection or extend an existing one. - Using and Configuring Red Hat Subscription Manager — The Using and Configuring Red Hat Subscription Manager book provides detailed information on how to register Red Hat Enterprise Linux systems, manage subscriptions, and view notifications for the registered systems.
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Developer Guide — The Developer Guide for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 provides more information for developers on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux platform.
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Developer Guide — The Developer Guide for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 provides an introduction to application development tools in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Deployment Guide — The Deployment Guide for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 provides relevant information regarding the deployment, configuration, and administration of this system.
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 System Administrator's Guide — The System Administrator's Guide for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 provides information on deployment, configuration, and administration of this system.
Appendix A. Revision History
| Revision History | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Revision 1.1-25 | Thu 09 Jun 2016 | ||
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| Revision 1.1-14 | Tue Jun 10 2014 | ||
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| Revision 1.1-12 | Wed Jun 04 2014 | ||
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