Jump To Close Expand all Collapse all Table of contents Virtualization Administration Guide 1. Server Best Practices 2. sVirt Expand section "2. sVirt" Collapse section "2. sVirt" 2.1. Security and Virtualization 2.2. sVirt Labeling 3. Cloning Virtual Machines Expand section "3. Cloning Virtual Machines" Collapse section "3. Cloning Virtual Machines" 3.1. Preparing Virtual Machines for Cloning 3.2. Cloning a Virtual Machine Expand section "3.2. Cloning a Virtual Machine" Collapse section "3.2. Cloning a Virtual Machine" 3.2.1. Cloning Guests with virt-clone 3.2.2. Cloning Guests with virt-manager 4. KVM Live Migration Expand section "4. KVM Live Migration" Collapse section "4. KVM Live Migration" 4.1. Live Migration Requirements 4.2. Live Migration and Red Hat Enterprise Linux Version Compatibility 4.3. Shared Storage Example: NFS for a Simple Migration 4.4. Live KVM Migration with virsh Expand section "4.4. Live KVM Migration with virsh" Collapse section "4.4. Live KVM Migration with virsh" 4.4.1. Additional Tips for Migration with virsh 4.4.2. Additional Options for the virsh migrate Command 4.5. Migrating with virt-manager 5. Remote Management of Guests Expand section "5. Remote Management of Guests" Collapse section "5. Remote Management of Guests" 5.1. Remote Management with SSH 5.2. Remote Management Over TLS and SSL 5.3. Transport Modes 6. Overcommitting with KVM Expand section "6. Overcommitting with KVM" Collapse section "6. Overcommitting with KVM" 6.1. Overcommitting Memory 6.2. Overcommitting Virtualized CPUs 7. KSM 8. Advanced Guest Virtual Machine Administration Expand section "8. Advanced Guest Virtual Machine Administration" Collapse section "8. Advanced Guest Virtual Machine Administration" 8.1. Control Groups (cgroups) 8.2. Huge Page Support 8.3. Running Red Hat Enterprise Linux as a Guest Virtual Machine on a Hyper-V Hypervisor 8.4. Guest Virtual Machine Memory Allocation 8.5. Automatically Starting Guest Virtual Machines 8.6. Disable SMART Disk Monitoring for Guest Virtual Machines 8.7. Configuring a VNC Server 8.8. Generating a New Unique MAC Address Expand section "8.8. Generating a New Unique MAC Address" Collapse section "8.8. Generating a New Unique MAC Address" 8.8.1. Another Method to Generate a New MAC for Your Guest Virtual Machine 8.9. Improving Guest Virtual Machine Response Time 8.10. Virtual Machine Timer Management with libvirt Expand section "8.10. Virtual Machine Timer Management with libvirt" Collapse section "8.10. Virtual Machine Timer Management with libvirt" 8.10.1. timer Child Element for clock 8.10.2. track 8.10.3. tickpolicy 8.10.4. frequency, mode, and present 8.10.5. Examples Using Clock Synchronization 8.11. Using PMU to Monitor Guest Virtual Machine Performance 8.12. Guest Virtual Machine Power Management 9. Guest virtual machine device configuration Expand section "9. Guest virtual machine device configuration" Collapse section "9. Guest virtual machine device configuration" 9.1. PCI Devices Expand section "9.1. PCI Devices" Collapse section "9.1. PCI Devices" 9.1.1. Assigning a PCI Device with virsh 9.1.2. Assigning a PCI Device with virt-manager 9.1.3. PCI Device Assignment with virt-install 9.1.4. Detaching an Assigned PCI Device 9.1.5. Creating PCI Bridges 9.1.6. PCI Passthrough 9.1.7. Configuring PCI Assignment (Passthrough) with SR-IOV Devices 9.1.8. Setting PCI Device Assignment from a Pool of SR-IOV Virtual Functions 9.2. USB Devices Expand section "9.2. USB Devices" Collapse section "9.2. USB Devices" 9.2.1. Assigning USB Devices to Guest Virtual Machines 9.2.2. Setting a Limit on USB Device Redirection 9.3. Configuring Device Controllers 9.4. Setting Addresses for Devices 9.5. Managing Storage Controllers in a Guest Virtual Machine 9.6. Random Number Generator (RNG) Device 10. QEMU-img and QEMU Guest Agent Expand section "10. QEMU-img and QEMU Guest Agent" Collapse section "10. QEMU-img and QEMU Guest Agent" 10.1. Using qemu-img 10.2. QEMU Guest Agent Expand section "10.2. QEMU Guest Agent" Collapse section "10.2. QEMU Guest Agent" 10.2.1. Install and Enable the Guest Agent 10.2.2. Setting up Communication between Guest Agent and Host 10.2.3. Using the QEMU Guest Agent 10.2.4. Using the QEMU Guest Agent with libvirt 10.2.5. Creating a Guest Virtual Machine Disk Backup 10.3. Running the QEMU Guest Agent on a Windows Guest Expand section "10.3. Running the QEMU Guest Agent on a Windows Guest" Collapse section "10.3. Running the QEMU Guest Agent on a Windows Guest" 10.3.1. Using libvirt Commands with the QEMU Guest Agent on Windows Guests 10.4. Setting a Limit on Device Redirection 10.5. Dynamically Changing a Host Physical Machine or a Network Bridge that is Attached to a Virtual NIC 11. Storage Concepts Expand section "11. Storage Concepts" Collapse section "11. Storage Concepts" 11.1. Storage Pools 11.2. Volumes 12. Storage Pools Expand section "12. Storage Pools" Collapse section "12. Storage Pools" 12.1. Disk-based Storage Pools Expand section "12.1. Disk-based Storage Pools" Collapse section "12.1. Disk-based Storage Pools" 12.1.1. Creating a Disk-based Storage Pool Using virsh 12.1.2. Deleting a Storage Pool Using virsh 12.2. Partition-based Storage Pools Expand section "12.2. Partition-based Storage Pools" Collapse section "12.2. Partition-based Storage Pools" 12.2.1. Creating a Partition-based Storage Pool Using virt-manager 12.2.2. Deleting a Storage Pool Using virt-manager 12.2.3. Creating a Partition-based Storage Pool Using virsh 12.2.4. Deleting a Storage Pool Using virsh 12.3. Directory-based Storage Pools Expand section "12.3. Directory-based Storage Pools" Collapse section "12.3. Directory-based Storage Pools" 12.3.1. Creating a Directory-based Storage Pool with virt-manager 12.3.2. Deleting a Storage Pool Using virt-manager 12.3.3. Creating a Directory-based Storage Pool with virsh 12.3.4. Deleting a Storage Pool Using virsh 12.4. LVM-based Storage Pools Expand section "12.4. LVM-based Storage Pools" Collapse section "12.4. LVM-based Storage Pools" 12.4.1. Creating an LVM-based Storage Pool with virt-manager 12.4.2. Deleting a Storage Pool Using virt-manager 12.4.3. Creating an LVM-based Storage Pool with virsh 12.4.4. Deleting a Storage Pool Using virsh 12.5. iSCSI-based Storage Pools Expand section "12.5. iSCSI-based Storage Pools" Collapse section "12.5. iSCSI-based Storage Pools" 12.5.1. Configuring a Software iSCSI Target 12.5.2. Adding an iSCSI Target to virt-manager 12.5.3. Deleting a Storage Pool Using virt-manager 12.5.4. Creating an iSCSI-based Storage Pool with virsh 12.5.5. Deleting a Storage Pool Using virsh 12.6. NFS-based Storage Pools Expand section "12.6. NFS-based Storage Pools" Collapse section "12.6. NFS-based Storage Pools" 12.6.1. Creating an NFS-based Storage Pool with virt-manager 12.6.2. Deleting a Storage Pool Using virt-manager 12.7. GlusterFS Storage Pools 12.8. Using an NPIV Virtual Adapter (vHBA) with SCSI Devices Expand section "12.8. Using an NPIV Virtual Adapter (vHBA) with SCSI Devices" Collapse section "12.8. Using an NPIV Virtual Adapter (vHBA) with SCSI Devices" 12.8.1. Creating a vHBA 12.8.2. Creating a Storage Pool Using the vHBA 12.8.3. Configuring the Virtual Machine to Use a vHBA LUN 12.8.4. Destroying the vHBA Storage Pool 13. Volumes Expand section "13. Volumes " Collapse section "13. Volumes " 13.1. Creating Volumes 13.2. Cloning Volumes 13.3. Adding Storage Devices to Guests Expand section "13.3. Adding Storage Devices to Guests" Collapse section "13.3. Adding Storage Devices to Guests" 13.3.1. Adding File-based Storage to a Guest 13.3.2. Adding Hard Drives and Other Block Devices to a Guest 13.4. Deleting and Removing Volumes 14. Managing guest virtual machines with virsh Expand section "14. Managing guest virtual machines with virsh" Collapse section "14. Managing guest virtual machines with virsh" 14.1. Generic Commands Expand section "14.1. Generic Commands" Collapse section "14.1. Generic Commands" 14.1.1. help 14.1.2. quit and exit 14.1.3. version 14.1.4. Argument Display 14.1.5. connect 14.1.6. Displaying Basic Information 14.1.7. Injecting NMI 14.2. Attaching and Updating a Device with virsh 14.3. Attaching Interface Devices 14.4. Changing the Media of a CDROM 14.5. Domain Commands Expand section "14.5. Domain Commands" Collapse section "14.5. Domain Commands" 14.5.1. Configuring a Domain to be Started Automatically at Boot 14.5.2. Connecting the Serial Console for the Guest Virtual Machine 14.5.3. Defining a Domain with an XML File 14.5.4. Editing and Displaying a Description and Title of a Domain 14.5.5. Displaying Device Block Statistics 14.5.6. Retrieving Network Statistics 14.5.7. Modifying the Link State of a Domain's Virtual Interface 14.5.8. Listing the Link State of a Domain's Virtual Interface 14.5.9. Setting Network Interface Bandwidth Parameters 14.5.10. Retrieving Memory Statistics for a Running Domain 14.5.11. Displaying Errors on Block Devices 14.5.12. Displaying the Block Device Size 14.5.13. Displaying the Block Devices Associated with a Domain 14.5.14. Displaying Virtual Interfaces Associated with a Domain 14.5.15. Using blockcommit to Shorten a Backing Chain 14.5.16. Using blockpull to Shorten a Backing Chain 14.5.17. Using blockresize to Change the Size of a Domain Path 14.5.18. Disk Image Management with Live Block Copy 14.5.19. Displaying a URI for Connection to a Graphical Display 14.5.20. Domain Retrieval Commands 14.5.21. Converting QEMU Arguments to Domain XML 14.5.22. Creating a Dump File of a Domain's Core 14.5.23. Creating a Virtual Machine XML Dump (Configuration File) 14.5.24. Creating a Guest Virtual Machine from a Configuration File 14.6. Editing a Guest Virtual Machine's configuration file Expand section "14.6. Editing a Guest Virtual Machine's configuration file" Collapse section "14.6. Editing a Guest Virtual Machine's configuration file" 14.6.1. Adding Multifunction PCI Devices to KVM Guest Virtual Machines 14.6.2. Stopping a Running Domain to Restart It Later 14.6.3. Displaying CPU Statistics for a Specified Domain 14.6.4. Saving a Screenshot 14.6.5. Sending a Keystroke Combination to a Specified Domain 14.6.6. Sending Process Signal Names to Virtual Processes 14.6.7. Displaying the IP Address and Port Number for the VNC Display 14.7. NUMA Node Management Expand section "14.7. NUMA Node Management" Collapse section "14.7. NUMA Node Management" 14.7.1. Displaying Node Information 14.7.2. Setting NUMA Parameters 14.7.3. Displaying the Amount of Free Memory in a NUMA Cell 14.7.4. Displaying a CPU List 14.7.5. Displaying CPU Statistics 14.7.6. Suspending the Host Physical Machine 14.7.7. Setting and Displaying the Node Memory Parameters 14.7.8. Creating Devices on Host Nodes 14.7.9. Detaching a Node Device 14.7.10. Retrieving a Device's Configuration Settings 14.7.11. Listing Devices on a Node 14.7.12. Triggering a Reset for a Node 14.8. Starting, Suspending, Resuming, Saving, and Restoring a Guest Virtual Machine Expand section "14.8. Starting, Suspending, Resuming, Saving, and Restoring a Guest Virtual Machine" Collapse section "14.8. Starting, Suspending, Resuming, Saving, and Restoring a Guest Virtual Machine" 14.8.1. Starting a Defined Domain 14.8.2. Suspending a Guest Virtual Machine 14.8.3. Suspending a Running Domain 14.8.4. Waking Up a Domain from a pmsuspend State 14.8.5. Undefining a Domain 14.8.6. Resuming a Guest Virtual Machine 14.8.7. Save a Guest Virtual Machine 14.8.8. Updating the Domain XML File that will be Used for Restoring the Guest 14.8.9. Extracting the Domain XML File 14.8.10. Edit Domain XML Configuration Files 14.8.11. Restore a Guest Virtual Machine 14.9. Shutting Down, Rebooting, and Forcing Shutdown of a Guest Virtual Machine Expand section "14.9. Shutting Down, Rebooting, and Forcing Shutdown of a Guest Virtual Machine" Collapse section "14.9. Shutting Down, Rebooting, and Forcing Shutdown of a Guest Virtual Machine" 14.9.1. Shutting Down a Guest Virtual Machine 14.9.2. Shutting Down Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Guests on a Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Host 14.9.3. Manipulating the libvirt-guests Configuration Settings 14.9.4. Rebooting a Guest Virtual Machine 14.9.5. Forcing a Guest Virtual Machine to Stop 14.9.6. Resetting a Virtual Machine 14.10. Retrieving Guest Virtual Machine Information Expand section "14.10. Retrieving Guest Virtual Machine Information" Collapse section "14.10. Retrieving Guest Virtual Machine Information" 14.10.1. Getting the Domain ID of a Guest Virtual Machine 14.10.2. Getting the Domain Name of a Guest Virtual Machine 14.10.3. Getting the UUID of a Guest Virtual Machine 14.10.4. Displaying Guest Virtual Machine Information 14.11. Storage Pool Commands Expand section "14.11. Storage Pool Commands" Collapse section "14.11. Storage Pool Commands" 14.11.1. Searching for a Storage Pool XML 14.11.2. Creating, Defining, and Starting Storage Pools Expand section "14.11.2. Creating, Defining, and Starting Storage Pools" Collapse section "14.11.2. Creating, Defining, and Starting Storage Pools" 14.11.2.1. Building a storage pool 14.11.2.2. Creating and defining a storage pool from an XML file 14.11.2.3. Creating and starting a storage pool from raw parameters 14.11.2.4. Auto-starting a storage pool 14.11.3. Stopping and Deleting Storage Pools 14.11.4. Creating an XML Dump File for a Storage Pool 14.11.5. Editing the Storage Pool's Configuration File 14.11.6. Converting Storage Pools 14.12. Storage Volume Commands Expand section "14.12. Storage Volume Commands" Collapse section "14.12. Storage Volume Commands" 14.12.1. Creating Storage Volumes Expand section "14.12.1. Creating Storage Volumes" Collapse section "14.12.1. Creating Storage Volumes" 14.12.1.1. Creating a storage volume from an XML file 14.12.1.2. Cloning a storage volume 14.12.2. Deleting Storage Volumes 14.12.3. Dumping Storage Volume Information to an XML File 14.12.4. Listing Volume Information 14.12.5. Retrieving Storage Volume Information 14.12.6. Uploading and Downloading Storage Volumes Expand section "14.12.6. Uploading and Downloading Storage Volumes" Collapse section "14.12.6. Uploading and Downloading Storage Volumes" 14.12.6.1. Uploading contents to a storage volume 14.12.6.2. Downloading the contents from a storage volume 14.12.7. Re-sizing Storage Volumes 14.13. Displaying Per-guest Virtual Machine Information Expand section "14.13. Displaying Per-guest Virtual Machine Information" Collapse section "14.13. Displaying Per-guest Virtual Machine Information" 14.13.1. Displaying the Guest Virtual Machines 14.13.2. Displaying Virtual CPU Information 14.13.3. Configuring Virtual CPU Affinity 14.13.4. Displaying Information about the Virtual CPU Counts of a Domain 14.13.5. Configuring Virtual CPU Affinity 14.13.6. Configuring Virtual CPU Count 14.13.7. Configuring Memory Allocation 14.13.8. Changing the Memory Allocation for the Domain 14.13.9. Displaying Guest Virtual Machine Block Device Information 14.13.10. Displaying Guest Virtual Machine Network Device Information 14.14. Managing Virtual Networks 14.15. Migrating Guest Virtual Machines with virsh Expand section "14.15. Migrating Guest Virtual Machines with virsh" Collapse section "14.15. Migrating Guest Virtual Machines with virsh" 14.15.1. Interface Commands Expand section "14.15.1. Interface Commands" Collapse section "14.15.1. Interface Commands" 14.15.1.1. Defining and starting a host physical machine interface via an XML file 14.15.1.2. Editing the XML configuration file for the host interface 14.15.1.3. Listing active host interfaces 14.15.1.4. Converting a MAC address into an interface name 14.15.1.5. Stopping a specific host physical machine interface 14.15.1.6. Displaying the host configuration file 14.15.1.7. Creating bridge devices 14.15.1.8. Tearing down a bridge device 14.15.1.9. Manipulating interface snapshots 14.15.2. Managing Snapshots Expand section "14.15.2. Managing Snapshots" Collapse section "14.15.2. Managing Snapshots" 14.15.2.1. Creating Snapshots 14.15.2.2. Creating a snapshot for the current domain 14.15.2.3. Taking a snapshot of the current domain 14.15.2.4. snapshot-edit-domain 14.15.2.5. snapshot-info-domain 14.15.2.6. snapshot-list-domain 14.15.2.7. snapshot-dumpxml domain snapshot 14.15.2.8. snapshot-parent domain 14.15.2.9. snapshot-revert domain 14.15.2.10. snapshot-delete domain 14.16. Guest Virtual Machine CPU Model Configuration Expand section "14.16. Guest Virtual Machine CPU Model Configuration" Collapse section "14.16. Guest Virtual Machine CPU Model Configuration" 14.16.1. Introduction 14.16.2. Learning about the Host Physical Machine CPU Model 14.16.3. Determining a Compatible CPU Model to Suit a Pool of Host Physical Machines 14.17. Configuring the Guest Virtual Machine CPU Model 14.18. Managing Resources for Guest Virtual Machines 14.19. Setting Schedule Parameters 14.20. Display or Set Block I/O Parameters 14.21. Configuring Memory Tuning 14.22. Virtual Networking Commands Expand section "14.22. Virtual Networking Commands" Collapse section "14.22. Virtual Networking Commands" 14.22.1. Autostarting a Virtual Network 14.22.2. Creating a Virtual Network from an XML File 14.22.3. Defining a Virtual Network from an XML File 14.22.4. Stopping a Virtual Network 14.22.5. Creating a Dump File 14.22.6. Editing a Virtual Network's XML Configuration File 14.22.7. Getting Information about a Virtual Network 14.22.8. Listing Information about a Virtual Network 14.22.9. Converting a Network UUID to Network Name 14.22.10. Starting a (Previously Defined) Inactive Network 14.22.11. Undefining the Configuration for an Inactive Network 14.22.12. Converting a Network Name to Network UUID 14.22.13. Updating an Existing Network Definition File 15. Managing Guests with the Virtual Machine Manager (virt-manager) Expand section "15. Managing Guests with the Virtual Machine Manager (virt-manager)" Collapse section "15. Managing Guests with the Virtual Machine Manager (virt-manager)" 15.1. Starting virt-manager 15.2. The Virtual Machine Manager Main Window 15.3. The Virtual Hardware Details Window Expand section "15.3. The Virtual Hardware Details Window" Collapse section "15.3. The Virtual Hardware Details Window" 15.3.1. Attaching USB Devices to a Guest Virtual Machine 15.4. Virtual Machine Graphical Console 15.5. Adding a Remote Connection 15.6. Displaying Guest Details 15.7. Performance Monitoring 15.8. Displaying CPU Usage for Guests 15.9. Displaying CPU Usage for Hosts 15.10. Displaying Disk I/O 15.11. Displaying Network I/O 16. Guest Virtual Machine Disk Access with Offline Tools Expand section "16. Guest Virtual Machine Disk Access with Offline Tools" Collapse section "16. Guest Virtual Machine Disk Access with Offline Tools" 16.1. Introduction 16.2. Terminology 16.3. Installation 16.4. The guestfish Shell Expand section "16.4. The guestfish Shell" Collapse section "16.4. The guestfish Shell" 16.4.1. Viewing File Systems with guestfish Expand section "16.4.1. Viewing File Systems with guestfish" Collapse section "16.4.1. Viewing File Systems with guestfish" 16.4.1.1. Manual Listing and Viewing 16.4.1.2. Using guestfish inspection 16.4.1.3. Accessing a guest virtual machine by name 16.4.2. Modifying Files with guestfish 16.4.3. Other Actions with guestfish 16.4.4. Shell Scripting with guestfish 16.4.5. Augeas and libguestfs Scripting 16.5. Other Commands 16.6. virt-rescue: The Rescue Shell Expand section "16.6. virt-rescue: The Rescue Shell" Collapse section "16.6. virt-rescue: The Rescue Shell" 16.6.1. Introduction 16.6.2. Running virt-rescue 16.7. virt-df: Monitoring Disk Usage Expand section "16.7. virt-df: Monitoring Disk Usage" Collapse section "16.7. virt-df: Monitoring Disk Usage" 16.7.1. Introduction 16.7.2. Running virt-df 16.8. virt-resize: Resizing Guest Virtual Machines Offline Expand section "16.8. virt-resize: Resizing Guest Virtual Machines Offline" Collapse section "16.8. virt-resize: Resizing Guest Virtual Machines Offline" 16.8.1. Introduction 16.8.2. Expanding a Disk Image 16.9. virt-inspector: Inspecting Guest Virtual Machines Expand section "16.9. virt-inspector: Inspecting Guest Virtual Machines" Collapse section "16.9. virt-inspector: Inspecting Guest Virtual Machines" 16.9.1. Introduction 16.9.2. Installation 16.9.3. Running virt-inspector 16.10. virt-win-reg: Reading and Editing the Windows Registry Expand section "16.10. virt-win-reg: Reading and Editing the Windows Registry" Collapse section "16.10. virt-win-reg: Reading and Editing the Windows Registry" 16.10.1. Introduction 16.10.2. Installation 16.10.3. Using virt-win-reg 16.11. Using the API from Programming Languages Expand section "16.11. Using the API from Programming Languages" Collapse section "16.11. Using the API from Programming Languages" 16.11.1. Interaction with the API through a C Program 16.12. virt-sysprep: Resetting Virtual Machine Settings 16.13. Troubleshooting 16.14. Where to Find Further Documentation 17. Graphical User Interface Tools for Guest Virtual Machine Management Expand section "17. Graphical User Interface Tools for Guest Virtual Machine Management" Collapse section "17. Graphical User Interface Tools for Guest Virtual Machine Management" 17.1. virt-viewer 17.2. remote-viewer 18. Virtual Networking Expand section "18. Virtual Networking" Collapse section "18. Virtual Networking" 18.1. Virtual Network Switches 18.2. Bridged Mode 18.3. Network Address Translation Mode Expand section "18.3. Network Address Translation Mode" Collapse section "18.3. Network Address Translation Mode" 18.3.1. DNS and DHCP 18.4. Routed Mode 18.5. Isolated Mode 18.6. The Default Configuration 18.7. Examples of Common Scenarios Expand section "18.7. Examples of Common Scenarios" Collapse section "18.7. Examples of Common Scenarios" 18.7.1. Bridged Mode 18.7.2. Routed Mode 18.7.3. NAT Mode 18.7.4. Isolated Mode 18.8. Managing a Virtual Network 18.9. Creating a Virtual Network 18.10. Attaching a Virtual Network to a Guest 18.11. Attaching a Virtual NIC Directly to a Physical Interface 18.12. Applying Network Filtering Expand section "18.12. Applying Network Filtering" Collapse section "18.12. Applying Network Filtering" 18.12.1. Introduction 18.12.2. Filtering Chains 18.12.3. Filtering Chain Priorities 18.12.4. Usage of Variables in Filters 18.12.5. Automatic IP Address Detection and DHCP Snooping Expand section "18.12.5. Automatic IP Address Detection and DHCP Snooping" Collapse section "18.12.5. Automatic IP Address Detection and DHCP Snooping" 18.12.5.1. Introduction 18.12.5.2. DHCP Snooping 18.12.6. Reserved Variables 18.12.7. Element and Attribute Overview 18.12.8. References to Other Filters 18.12.9. Filter Rules 18.12.10. Supported Protocols Expand section "18.12.10. Supported Protocols" Collapse section "18.12.10. Supported Protocols" 18.12.10.1. MAC (Ethernet) 18.12.10.2. VLAN (802.1Q) 18.12.10.3. STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) 18.12.10.4. ARP/RARP 18.12.10.5. IPv4 18.12.10.6. IPv6 18.12.10.7. TCP/UDP/SCTP 18.12.10.8. ICMP 18.12.10.9. IGMP, ESP, AH, UDPLITE, 'ALL' 18.12.10.10. TCP/UDP/SCTP over IPV6 18.12.10.11. ICMPv6 18.12.10.12. IGMP, ESP, AH, UDPLITE, 'ALL' over IPv6 18.12.11. Advanced Filter Configuration Topics Expand section "18.12.11. Advanced Filter Configuration Topics" Collapse section "18.12.11. Advanced Filter Configuration Topics" 18.12.11.1. Connection tracking 18.12.11.2. Limiting Number of Connections 18.12.11.3. Command line tools 18.12.11.4. Pre-existing network filters 18.12.11.5. Writing your own filters 18.12.11.6. Sample custom filter 18.12.12. Limitations 18.13. Creating Tunnels Expand section "18.13. Creating Tunnels" Collapse section "18.13. Creating Tunnels" 18.13.1. Creating Multicast Tunnels 18.13.2. Creating TCP Tunnels 18.14. Setting vLAN Tags 18.15. Applying QoS to Your Virtual Network 19. qemu-kvm Commands, Flags, and Arguments Expand section "19. qemu-kvm Commands, Flags, and Arguments" Collapse section "19. qemu-kvm Commands, Flags, and Arguments" 19.1. Introduction 19.2. Basic Options 19.3. Disk Options 19.4. Display Options 19.5. Network Options 19.6. Device Options 19.7. Linux/Multiboot Boot 19.8. Expert Options 19.9. Help and Information Options 19.10. Miscellaneous Options 20. Manipulating the Domain XML Expand section "20. Manipulating the Domain XML" Collapse section "20. Manipulating the Domain XML" 20.1. General Information and Metadata 20.2. Operating System Booting Expand section "20.2. Operating System Booting" Collapse section "20.2. Operating System Booting" 20.2.1. BIOS Boot loader 20.2.2. Host Physical Machine Boot Loader 20.2.3. Direct kernel boot 20.3. SMBIOS System Information 20.4. CPU Allocation 20.5. CPU Tuning 20.6. Memory Backing 20.7. Memory tuning 20.8. NUMA Node Tuning 20.9. Block I/O tuning 20.10. Resource Partitioning 20.11. CPU Model and Topology Expand section "20.11. CPU Model and Topology" Collapse section "20.11. CPU Model and Topology" 20.11.1. Guest virtual machine NUMA topology 20.12. Events Configuration 20.13. Power Management 20.14. Hypervisor Features 20.15. Timekeeping 20.16. Devices Expand section "20.16. Devices" Collapse section "20.16. Devices" 20.16.1. Hard Drives, Floppy Disks, CDROMs Expand section "20.16.1. Hard Drives, Floppy Disks, CDROMs" Collapse section "20.16.1. Hard Drives, Floppy Disks, CDROMs" 20.16.1.1. Disk element 20.16.1.2. Source element 20.16.1.3. Mirror element 20.16.1.4. Target element 20.16.1.5. iotune 20.16.1.6. driver 20.16.1.7. Additional device elements 20.16.2. Filesystems 20.16.3. Device Addresses 20.16.4. Controllers 20.16.5. Device Leases 20.16.6. Host Physical Machine Device Assignment Expand section "20.16.6. Host Physical Machine Device Assignment" Collapse section "20.16.6. Host Physical Machine Device Assignment" 20.16.6.1. USB / PCI Devices 20.16.6.2. Block / character devices 20.16.7. Redirected Devices 20.16.8. Smartcard Devices 20.16.9. Network Interfaces Expand section "20.16.9. Network Interfaces" Collapse section "20.16.9. Network Interfaces" 20.16.9.1. Virtual networks 20.16.9.2. Bridge to LAN 20.16.9.3. Setting a port masquerading range 20.16.9.4. User-space SLIRP stack 20.16.9.5. Generic Ethernet connection 20.16.9.6. Direct attachment to physical interfaces 20.16.9.7. PCI passthrough 20.16.9.8. Multicast tunnel 20.16.9.9. TCP tunnel 20.16.9.10. Setting NIC driver-specific options 20.16.9.11. Overriding the target element 20.16.9.12. Specifying boot order 20.16.9.13. Interface ROM BIOS configuration 20.16.9.14. Quality of service 20.16.9.15. Setting VLAN tag (on supported network types only) 20.16.9.16. Modifying virtual link state 20.16.10. Input Devices 20.16.11. Hub Devices 20.16.12. Graphical framebuffers 20.16.13. Video Devices 20.16.14. Consoles, Serial, Parallel, and Channel Devices 20.16.15. Guest Virtual Machine Interfaces 20.16.16. Channel 20.16.17. Host Physical Machine Interface 20.17. Sound Devices 20.18. Watchdog Device 20.19. Memory Balloon Device 20.20. Security Label 20.21. Example Domain XML Configuration 21. Troubleshooting Expand section "21. Troubleshooting" Collapse section "21. Troubleshooting" 21.1. Debugging and Troubleshooting Tools 21.2. Preparing for Disaster Recovery 21.3. Creating virsh Dump Files 21.4. kvm_stat 21.5. Guest Virtual Machine Fails to Shutdown 21.6. Troubleshooting with Serial Consoles 21.7. Virtualization Log Files 21.8. Loop Device Errors 21.9. Live Migration Errors 21.10. Enabling Intel VT-x and AMD-V Virtualization Hardware Extensions in BIOS 21.11. KVM Networking Performance 21.12. Workaround for Creating External Snapshots with libvirt 21.13. Missing Characters on Guest Console with Japanese Keyboard 21.14. Verifying Virtualization Extensions A. The Virtual Host Metrics Daemon (vhostmd) B. Additional Resources Expand section "B. Additional Resources" Collapse section "B. Additional Resources" B.1. Online Resources B.2. Installed Documentation C. Revision History Legal Notice Settings Close Language: 简体中文 日本語 한국어 English Language: 简体中文 日本語 한국어 English Format: Multi-page Single-page PDF Format: Multi-page Single-page PDF Language and Page Formatting Options Language: 简体中文 日本語 한국어 English Language: 简体中文 日本語 한국어 English Format: Multi-page Single-page PDF Format: Multi-page Single-page PDF Red Hat Training A Red Hat training course is available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 18.7.3. NAT Mode NAT (Network Address Translation) mode is the default mode. It can be used for testing when there is no need for direct network visibility. Previous Next