Chapter 1. Installing Red Hat CloudForms
Red Hat CloudForms can be installed on OpenShift Container Platform in a few steps.
This procedure uses a template to deploy a multi-pod CloudForms appliance with the database stored in a persistent volume on OpenShift Container Platform. It provides a step-by-step setup, including cluster administrative tasks as well as information and commands for the application developer using the deployment.
The ultimate goal of the deployment is to be able to deconstruct the CloudForms appliance into several containers running on a pod or a series of pods.
Running the CloudForms appliance in a series of pods has several advantages. For example, running each worker in a separate pod allows OpenShift Container Platform to manage worker processes and reduce worker memory consumption. OpenShift can also easily scale workers by adding or removing pods, and perform upgrades by using images.
There are two options for installing CloudForms on OpenShift:
During OpenShift Container Platform 3.7 installation:
- When you install OpenShift Container Platform 3.7, you have the option to install CloudForms inside OpenShift at the time. This method leverages the Ansible installer to run and deploy the CloudForms template, instead of building the environment manually. See the OpenShift Container Platform 3.7 Release Notes for details.
Manual install on an existing OpenShift Container Platform environment:
- Deploy CloudForms pods using the CloudForms template (.yaml file). This is the method described in this guide.
After deployment, you can configure the CloudForms environment to use any external authentication configurations supported by CloudForms.
1.1. Prerequisites
To successfully deploy a CloudForms appliance on OpenShift Container Platform, you need a functioning OpenShift Container Platform 3.7 install with the following configured:
- NFS or other compatible volume provider
-
A
cluster-adminuser - A regular user (such as an application developer)
OpenShift Container Platform 3.7 is required for this installation. Red Hat has not tested this procedure with earlier versions of OpenShift Container Platform.
1.1.1. Cluster Sizing
To avoid deployment failures due to resource starvation, Red Hat recommends the following minimum cluster size for a test environment:
- 1 master node with at least 8 vCPUs and 12GB RAM
- 2 schedulable nodes with at least 4 vCPUs and 8GB RAM
- 25GB storage for CloudForms physical volume use
These recommendations assume CloudForms is the only application running on this cluster. Alternatively, you can provision an infrastructure node to run registry, metrics, router, and logging pods.
Each CloudForms application pod will consume at least 3GB RAM on initial deployment (without providers added). RAM consumption increases depending on the appliance use. For example, after adding providers, expect higher resource consumption.
1.1.2. Limitations
The following limitations exist when deploying this version of CloudForms on OpenShift Container Platform 3.7:
- This configuration cannot run on public OpenShift (OpenShift.io and OpenShift Dedicated environments) because of necessary privileges
- The Embedded Ansible pod must run as a privileged pod
- OpenShift cannot independently scale workers
- A highly available database is not supported in PostgreSQL pods
1.1.3. Templates and Images
The CloudForms deployment uses .yaml template files to create the appliance, including cfme-template.yaml, which is the CloudForms template used for the deployment, and cfme-pv-example.yaml and cfme-pv-app-example.yaml, two pod volume files.
These templates are available in RPMs from Red Hat-provided image streams. To obtain the templates:
- Configure image streams as described in OpenShift Container Platform Installation and Configuration.
-
After loading the image streams and templates, the templates will be available on your OpenShift system in
/usr/share/ansible/openshift-ansible/roles/openshift_examples/files/examples/v3.7/cfme-templates.
The CloudForms template points to several image files to create the OpenShift pods that comprise the appliance. These image files are obtained from the Red Hat Container Catalog during deployment.
1.2. Preparing to Deploy CloudForms
To prepare for deploying the CloudForms appliance to OpenShift Container Platform, create a project, configure security contexts, and create persistent storage.
As a regular user, log in to OpenShift:
$ oc login -u <user> -p <password>
Create a project with your desired parameters. The project name (
<your_project>in this example) is mandatory, but<description>and<display_name>are optional:$ oc new-project <your_project> \ --description="<description>" \ --display-name="<display_name>"
As the admin user, configure security context constraints (SCCs) for your OpenShift service accounts:
Add the
cfme-anyuidservice account to theanyuidSCC:$ oc adm policy add-scc-to-user anyuid system:serviceaccount:<your-project>:cfme-anyuid
Add the
cfme-orchestratorservice account to theanyuidSCC:$ oc adm policy add-scc-to-user anyuid system:serviceaccount:<your-project>:cfme-orchestrator
Add the
cfme-httpdservice account to theanyuidSCC:$ oc adm policy add-scc-to-user anyuid system:serviceaccount:<your-project>:cfme-httpd
Add the
cfme-privilegedservice account to theprivilegedSCC:$ oc adm policy add-scc-to-user privileged system:serviceaccount:<your-project>:cfme-privileged
Verify the SCCs are added correctly to the service accounts and project:
$ oc describe scc anyuid | grep Users Users: system:serviceaccount:<your-project>:cfme-anyuid,system:serviceaccount:<your-project>:cfme-httpd,system:serviceaccount:<your-project>:cfme-orchestrator $ oc describe scc privileged | grep Users Users: system:admin,system:serviceaccount:openshift-infra:build-controller,system:serviceaccount:management-infra:management-admin,system:serviceaccount:management-infra:inspector-admin,system:serviceaccount:logging:aggregated-logging-fluentd,system:serviceaccount:<your-project>:cfme-privileged
NoteFor more information on SCCs, see the OpenShift documentation.
As the admin user, add the
httpd-configmap-generatorservice account to thehttpd-scc-sysadminSCC so the Httpd Configmap Generator can run.Users: system:serviceaccount:<your-namespace>:httpd-configmap-generator
Add the
viewandeditroles to thecfme-orchestratorservice account:$ oc policy add-role-to-user view system:serviceaccount:<your-project>:cfme-orchestrator -n <your-project> $ oc policy add-role-to-user edit system:serviceaccount:<your-project>:cfme-orchestrator -n <your-project>
As the admin user, prepare persistent storage for the deployment. (Skip this step if you have already configured persistent storage.)
A basic CloudForms deployment needs at least two persistent volumes (PVs) to store CloudForms data. As the admin user, create two persistent volumes: one to host the CloudForms PostgreSQL database, and one to host the application data.
Example NFS-backed volume templates are provided by
cfme-pv-db-example.yamlandcfme-pv-server-example.yaml, available from the image stream or repository configured in Section 1.1.3, “Templates and Images”.NoteFor NFS-backed volumes, ensure your NFS server firewall is configured to allow traffic on port 2049 (TCP) from the OpenShift cluster.
Red Hat recommends setting permissions for the pv-app (privileged pod volume) as 777, uid/gid 0 (owned by root). For more information on configuring persistent storage in OpenShift Container Platform, see the OpenShift Container Platform Installation and Configuration guide.
- Configure your NFS server host details within these files, and edit any other settings needed to match your environment.
Create the two persistent volumes:
$ oc create -f cfme-pv-db-example.yaml $ oc create -f cfme-pv-server-example.yaml
Process the templates, editing the NFS_HOST parameter (mandatory) and any other parameters:
$ oc process cfme-pv-db-example.yaml -p NFS_HOST=nfs.example.com | oc create -f -
Alternatively, you can create the two persistent volumes and process the templates in a single command:
$ oc process cfme-pv-server-example.yaml -p NFS_HOST=nfs.example.com | oc create -f -
NoteThere are three parameters required to process the template. Only NFS_HOST is required, PV_SIZE and BASE_PATH contain defaults that do not need editing unless desired:
- PV_SIZE - Defaults to the recommended PV size for the App/DB template (5Gi/15Gi respectively)
- BASE_PATH - Defaults to /exports
- NFS_HOST - No Default - Hostname or IP address of the NFS server
Verify the persistent volumes were created successfully:
$ oc get pv NAME CAPACITY ACCESSMODES RECLAIMPOLICY STATUS CLAIM STORAGECLASS REASON AGE cfme-app 5Gi RWO Retain Available 16s cfme-db 15Gi RWO Retain Available 49s
NoteRed Hat recommends validating NFS share connectivity from an OpenShift node before attempting a deployment.
Increase the maximum number of imported images on ImageStream.
By default, OpenShift Container Platform can import five tags per image stream, but the CloudForms repositories contain more than five images for deployments.
You can modify this setting on the master node at
/etc/origin/master/master-config.yamlso OpenShift can import additional images.Add the following at the end of the
/etc/origin/master/master-config.yamlfile:... imagePolicyConfig: maxImagesBulkImportedPerRepository: 100
Restart the master service:
$ systemctl restart atomic-openshift-master
On each OpenShift node, persistently enable the
container_manage_cgroupSELinux boolean to allow container processes to make changes to the cgroup configuration:# setsebool -P container_manage_cgroup on
1.3. Deploying the CloudForms Appliance
To deploy the appliance on OpenShift Container Platform, create the CloudForms template and verify it is available in your project.
As a regular user, create the CloudForms template:
$ oc create -f cfme-template.yaml template "cloudforms" created
Verify the template is available with your project:
$ oc get templates NAME DESCRIPTION PARAMETERS OBJECTS cloudforms CloudForms appliance with persistent storage 18 (1 blank) 12
(Optional) Customize the template’s deployment parameters. Use the following command to see the available parameters and descriptions:
$ oc process --parameters -n <your-project> cloudforms
To customize the deployment configuration parameters, run:
$ oc edit dc/<deployconfig_name>
To deploy CloudForms from template using default settings, run:
$ oc new-app --template=cloudforms
Alternatively, to deploy CloudForms from a template using customized settings, add the
-poption and the desired parameters to the command. For example:$ oc new-app --template=cloudforms -p DATABASE_VOLUME_CAPACITY=2Gi,POSTGRESQL_MEM_LIMIT=4Gi,APPLICATION_DOMAIN=hostname
ImportantThe
APPLICATION_DOMAINparameter specifies the hostname used to reach the CloudForms application, which eventually constructs the route to the CloudForms pod. If you do not specify theAPPLICATION_DOMAINparameter, the CloudForms application will not be accessible after the deployment; however, this can be fixed by changing the route. For more information on OpenShift template parameters, see the OpenShift Container Platform Developer Guide.
1.3.1. Deploying the CloudForms Appliance Using an External Database
Before attempting to deploy CloudForms using an external database deployment, ensure the following conditions are satisfied:
- Your OpenShift cluster can access the external PostgreSQL server
- The CloudForms user, password, and role have been created on the external PostgreSQL server
- The intended CloudForms database is created, and ownership has been assigned to the CloudForms user
To deploy the appliance:
Import the CloudForms external database template:
$ oc create -f templates/cfme-template-ext-db.yaml
Launch the deployment with the following command. The database server IP address is required, and the other settings must match your remote PostgreSQL server.
$ oc new-app --template=cloudforms-ext-db -p DATABASE_IP=<server_ip> -p DATABASE_USER=<user> -p DATABASE_PASSWORD=<password> -p DATABASE_NAME=<database_name>
1.4. Verifying the Configuration
Verify the deployment was successful by running the following commands as a regular user under the CloudForms project:
The first deployment can take several minutes to complete while OpenShift downloads the necessary images.
Confirm the CloudForms pod is bound to the correct security context constraints:
List and obtain the name of the
cfme-apppod:$ oc get pod NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE cloudforms-0 1/1 Running 0 4m httpd-1-w486v 1/1 Running 0 4m memcached-1-4xtjc 1/1 Running 0 4m postgresql-1-n5tm6 1/1 Running 0 4m
Export the configuration of the pod:
$ oc export pod <cfme_pod_name>
Examine the output to verify that
openshift.io/scchas the valueanyuid:... metadata: annotations: openshift.io/scc: anyuid ...
Verify the persistent volumes are attached to the
postgresqlandcfme-apppods:$ oc volume pods --all pods/postgresql-1-437jg pvc/cfme-pgdb-claim (allocated 2GiB) as cfme-pgdb-volume mounted at /var/lib/pgsql/data secret/default-token-2se06 as default-token-2se06 mounted at /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount pods/cfme-1-s3bnp pvc/cfme (allocated 2GiB) as cfme-app-volume mounted at /persistent secret/default-token-9q4ge as default-token-9q4ge mounted at /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccountCheck the readiness of the CloudForms pod:
NoteAllow approximately five minutes once pods are in running state for CloudForms to start responding on HTTPS.
$ oc describe pods <cfme_pod_name> ... Conditions: Type Status Ready True Volumes: ...
After you have successfully validated your CloudForms deployment, disable automatic image change triggers to prevent unintended upgrades.
By default, on initial deployments the automatic image change trigger is enabled. This could potentially start an unintended upgrade on a deployment if a newer image is found in the ImageStream.
Disable the automatic image change triggers for CloudForms deployment configurations (DCs) on each project with the following commands:
$ oc set triggers dc --manual -l app=cloudforms deploymentconfig "memcached" updated deploymentconfig "postgresql" updated $ oc set triggers dc --from-config --auto -l app=cloudforms deploymentconfig "memcached" updated deploymentconfig "postgresql" updated
NoteThe configuration change trigger is kept enabled; to have full control of your deployments, you can alternatively turn it off. See the OpenShift Container Platform Developer Guide for more information on deployment triggers.
1.5. Logging into CloudForms
As part of the deployment, a route to the CloudForms appliance is created for HTTPS access. Once the pods have been successfully deployed, you can log into CloudForms.
You can obtain the CloudForms host address from the project in the OpenShift user interface, or by opening a shell on the pod and getting the route information.
To open a shell on the pod, run:
$ oc rsh <pod_name> bash -l
Get the route information:
$ oc get routes NAME HOST/PORT PATH SERVICE TERMINATION LABELS cloudforms cfme.apps.e2e.example.com cloudforms:443-tcp passthrough app=cloudforms
-
Navigate to the reported URL/host on a web browser (in this example,
cfme.apps.e2e.example.com). - Enter the default CloudForms credentials (Username: admin | Password: smartvm) for the initial login.
- Click Login.

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