Chapter 1. Configuration Reference

You may maintain a Ceph configuration file anywhere you like, but Red Hat recommends having an administration node where you maintain a master copy of the Ceph configuration file.

When you make changes to the Ceph configuration file, it is a good practice to push the updated configuration file to your Ceph nodes to maintain consistency.

The Ceph configuration file configures Ceph daemons at start time—​overriding default values. Ceph configuration files use an ini style syntax. You can add comments by preceding comments with a pound sign (#) or a semi-colon (;). For example:

# <--A number (#) sign precedes a comment.
; A comment may be anything.
# Comments always follow a semi-colon (;) or a pound (#) on each line.
# The end of the line terminates a comment.
# We recommend that you provide comments in your configuration file(s).

The configuration file can configure all Ceph daemons in a Ceph storage cluster or all Ceph daemons of a particular type at start time. To configure a series of daemons, the settings must be included under the processes that will receive the configuration as follows:

Global settings affect all instances of all daemon in the Ceph storage cluster. Use the [global] setting for values that are common for all daemons in the Ceph storage cluster. You can override each [global] setting by:

Overriding a global setting affects all child processes, except those that you specifically override in a particular daemon.

A typical global setting involves activating authentication. For example:

[global]
#Enable authentication between hosts within the cluster.
auth_cluster_required = cephx
auth_service_required = cephx
auth_client_required = cephx

You can specify settings that apply to a particular type of daemon. When you specify settings under [osd] or [mon] without specifying a particular instance, the setting will apply to all OSD or monitor daemons respectively.

A typical daemon-wide setting involves setting journal sizes, filestore settings, and so on For example:

[osd]
osd_journal_size = 1000

You can specify settings for particular instances of a daemon. You may specify an instance by entering its type, delimited by a period (.) and by the instance ID. The instance ID for a Ceph OSD daemons is always numeric, but it may be alphanumeric for Ceph monitors.

[osd.1]
# settings affect osd.1 only.

[mon.a]
# settings affect mon.a only.

The default Ceph configuration file locations in sequential order include:

A typical Ceph configuration file has at least the following settings:

[global]
fsid = {cluster-id}
mon_initial_members = {hostname}[, {hostname}]
mon_host = {ip-address}[, {ip-address}]

#All clusters have a front-side public network.
#If you have two NICs, you can configure a back side cluster
#network for OSD object replication, heart beats, backfilling,
#recovery, and so on
public_network = {network}[, {network}]
#cluster_network = {network}[, {network}]

#Clusters require authentication by default.
auth_cluster_required = cephx
auth_service_required = cephx
auth_client_required = cephx

#Choose reasonable numbers for your journals, number of replicas
#and placement groups.
osd_journal_size = {n}
osd_pool_default_size = {n}  # Write an object n times.
osd_pool_default_min_size = {n} # Allow writing n copy in a degraded state.
osd_pool_default_pg_num = {n}
osd_pool_default_pgp_num = {n}

#Choose a reasonable crush leaf type.
#0 for a 1-node cluster.
#1 for a multi node cluster in a single rack
#2 for a multi node, multi chassis cluster with multiple hosts in a chassis
#3 for a multi node cluster with hosts across racks, and so on
osd_crush_chooseleaf_type = {n}

Metavariables simplify Ceph storage cluster configuration dramatically. When a metavariable is set in a configuration value, Ceph expands the metavariable into a concrete value.

Metavariables are very powerful when used within the [global], [osd], [mon], or [client] sections of the Ceph configuration file. However, you can also use them with the administration socket. Ceph metavariables are similar to Bash shell expansion.

Ceph supports the following metavariables:

To view a runtime configuration, log in to a Ceph node and execute:

ceph daemon {daemon-type}.{id} config show

For example, if you want to see the configuration for osd.0, log into the node containing osd.0 and execute:

ceph daemon osd.0 config show

For additional options, specify a daemon and help. For example:

ceph daemon osd.0 help

To get a specific configuration setting at runtime, log in to a Ceph node and execute:

ceph daemon {daemon-type}.{id} config get {parameter}

For example to retrieve the public address of osd.0, execute:

ceph daemon osd.0 config get public_addr

There are two general ways to set a runtime configuration:

You can set a Ceph runtime configuration setting by contacting the monitor using the tell and injectargs command. To use this approach, the monitors and the daemon you are trying to modify must be running:

ceph tell {daemon-type}.{daemon id or *} injectargs --{name} {value} [--{name} {value}]

Replace {daemon-type} with one of osd or mon. You can apply the runtime setting to all daemons of a particular type with *, or specify a specific daemon’s ID (that is, its number or name). For example, to change the debug logging for a ceph-osd daemon named osd.0 to 0/5, execute the following command:

ceph tell osd.0 injectargs '--debug-osd 0/5'

The tell command takes multiple arguments, so each argument for tell must be within single quotes, and the configuration prepended with two dashes ('--{config_opt} {opt-val}' ['-{config_opt} {opt-val}']). Quotes are not necessary for the daemon command, because it only takes one argument.

The ceph tell command goes through the monitors. If you cannot bind to the monitor, you can still make the change by logging into the host of the daemon whose configuration you want to change using ceph daemon. For example:

sudo ceph osd.0 config set debug_osd 0/5

General settings typically get set automatically by deployment tools.

BlueStore keeps OSD heap memory usage under a designated target size with the osd_memory_target configuration option.

The option osd_memory_target sets OSD memory based upon the available RAM in the system. By default, Anisble sets the value to 4 GB. You can change the value, expressed in bytes, in the /usr/share/ceph-ansible/group_vars/all.yml file when deploying the daemon.

Example: Set the osd_memory_target to 6000000000 bytes

ceph_conf_overrides:
  osd:
    osd_memory_target=6000000000

Ceph OSD memory caching is more important when the block device is slow, for example, traditional hard drives, because the benefit of a cache hit is much higher than it would be with a solid state drive. However, this has to be weighed-in to co-locate OSDs with other services, such as in a hyper-converged infrastructure (HCI), or other applications.

MDS servers keep their metadata in a separate storage pool, named cephfs_metadata, and are the users of Ceph OSDs. For Ceph File Systems, MDS servers have to support an entire Red Hat Ceph Storage cluster, not just a single storage device within the storage cluster, so their memory requirements can be significant, particularly if the workload consists of small-to-medium-size files, where the ratio of metadata to data is much higher.

Example:Set the mds_cache_memory_limit to 2000000000 bytes

ceph_conf_overrides:
  osd:
    mds_cache_memory_limit=2000000000