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Troubleshooting Guide

Red Hat Ceph Storage 3

Troubleshooting Red Hat Ceph Storage

Red Hat Ceph Storage Documentation Team

Abstract

This document describes how to resolve common problems with Red Hat Ceph Storage.

Chapter 1. Initial Troubleshooting

This chapter includes information on:

1.1. Identifying Problems

To determine possible causes of the error with Red Hat Ceph Storage you encounter, answer the following question:

  1. Certain problems can arise when using unsupported configurations. Ensure that your configuration is supported. See the Red Hat Ceph Storage: Supported configurations article for details.
  2. Do you know what Ceph component causes the problem?

1.1.1. Diagnosing the Health of a Ceph Storage Cluster

This procedure lists basic steps to diagnose the health of a Ceph Storage Cluster.

  1. Check the overall status of the cluster:

    # ceph health detail

    If the command returns HEALTH_WARN or HEALTH_ERR see Section 1.2, “Understanding the Output of the ceph health Command” for details.

  2. Check the Ceph logs for any error messages listed in Section 1.3, “Understanding Ceph Logs”. The logs are located by default in the /var/log/ceph/ directory.
  3. If the logs do not include sufficient amount of information, increase the debugging level and try to reproduce the action that failed. See Chapter 2, Configuring Logging for details.
  4. Use the ceph-medic utility to diagnose the storage cluster. See the Using ceph-medic to diagnose a Ceph storage cluster section in the Red Hat Ceph Storage 3 Administration Guide for more details.

1.2. Understanding the Output of the ceph health Command

The ceph health command returns information about the status of the Ceph Storage Cluster:

  • HEALTH_OK indicates that the cluster is healthy.
  • HEALTH_WARN indicates a warning. In some cases, the Ceph status returns to HEALTH_OK automatically, for example when Ceph finishes the rebalancing process. However, consider further troubleshooting if a cluster is in the HEALTH_WARN state for longer time.
  • HEALTH_ERR indicates a more serious problem that requires your immediate attention.

Use the ceph health detail and ceph -s commands to get a more detailed output.

The following tables list the most common HEALTH_ERR and HEALTH_WARN error messages related to Monitors, OSDs, and placement groups. The tables provide links to corresponding sections that explain the errors and point to specific procedures to fix problems.

Table 1.1. Error Messages Related to Monitors

Error messageSee

HEALTH_WARN

mon.X is down (out of quorum)

Section 4.1.1, “A Monitor Is Out of Quorum”

clock skew

Section 4.1.2, “Clock Skew”

store is getting too big!

Section 4.1.3, “The Monitor Store is Getting Too Big”

Table 1.2. Error Messages Related to Ceph Manager Daemons

Error messageSee

HEALTH_WARN

unknown pgs

Opening Ports for Ceph Manager

Table 1.4. Error Messages Related to Placement Groups

1.3. Understanding Ceph Logs

By default, Ceph stores its logs in the /var/log/ceph/ directory.

The <cluster-name>.log is the main cluster log file that includes the global cluster events. By default, this log is named ceph.log. Only the Monitor hosts include the main cluster log.

Each OSD and Monitor has its own log file, named <cluster-name>-osd.<number>.log and <cluster-name>-mon.<hostname>.log.

When you increase debugging level for Ceph subsystems, Ceph generates a new log files for those subsystems as well. For details about logging, see Chapter 2, Configuring Logging.

The following tables list the most common Ceph log error messages related to Monitors and OSDs. The tables provide links to corresponding sections that explain the errors and point to specific procedures to fix them.

Table 1.5. Common Error Messages in Ceph Logs Related to Monitors

Error messageLog fileSee

clock skew

Main cluster log

Section 4.1.2, “Clock Skew”

clocks not synchronized

Main cluster log

Section 4.1.2, “Clock Skew”

Corruption: error in middle of record

Monitor log

Section 4.1.1, “A Monitor Is Out of Quorum”

Section 4.3, “Recovering the Monitor Store”

Corruption: 1 missing files

Monitor log

Section 4.1.1, “A Monitor Is Out of Quorum”

Section 4.3, “Recovering the Monitor Store”

Caught signal (Bus error)

Monitor log

Section 4.1.1, “A Monitor Is Out of Quorum”

Table 1.6. Common Error Messages in Ceph Logs Related to OSDs

Error messageLog fileSee

heartbeat_check: no reply from osd.X

Main cluster log

Section 5.1.4, “Flapping OSDs”

wrongly marked me down

Main cluster log

Section 5.1.4, “Flapping OSDs”

osds have slow requests

Main cluster log

Section 5.1.5, “Slow Requests, and Requests are Blocked”

FAILED assert(!m_filestore_fail_eio)

OSD log

Section 5.1.3, “One or More OSDs Are Down”

FAILED assert(0 == "hit suicide timeout")

OSD log

Section 5.1.3, “One or More OSDs Are Down”

Chapter 2. Configuring Logging

This chapter describes how to configure logging for various Ceph subsystems.

Important

Logging is resource intensive. Also, verbose logging can generate a huge amount of data in a relatively short time. It you are encountering problems in a specific subsystem of the cluster, enable logging only of that subsystem. See Section 2.1, “Ceph Subsystems” for more information.

In addition, consider setting up a rotation of log files. See Section 2.4, “Accelerating Log Rotation” for details.

Once you fix any problems you encounter, change the subsystems log and memory levels to their default values. See Appendix A, Subsystems Default Logging Levels Values for list of all Ceph subsystems and their default values.

You can configure Ceph logging by:

2.1. Ceph Subsystems

This section contains information about Ceph subsystems and their logging levels.

Understanding Ceph Subsystems and Their Logging Levels

Ceph consists of several subsystems. Each subsystem has a logging level of its:

  • Output logs that are stored by default in /var/log/ceph/ directory (log level)
  • Logs that are stored in a memory cache (memory level)

In general, Ceph does not send logs stored in memory to the output logs unless:

  • A fatal signal is raised
  • An assert in source code is triggered
  • You request it

You can set different values for each of these subsystems. Ceph logging levels operate on scale of 1 to 20, where 1 is terse and 20 is verbose.

Use a single value for the log level and memory level to set them both to the same value. For example, debug_osd = 5 sets the debug level for the ceph-osd daemon to 5.

To use different values for the output log level and the memory level, separate the values with a forward slash (/). For example, debug_mon = 1/5 sets the debug log level for the ceph-mon daemon to 1 and its memory log level to 5.

The Most Used Ceph Subsystems and Their Default Values

SubsystemLog LevelMemory LevelDescription

asok

1

5

The administration socket

auth

1

5

Authentication

client

0

5

Any application or library that uses librados to connect to the cluster

filestore

1

5

The FileStore OSD back end

journal

1

5

The OSD journal

mds

1

5

The Metadata Servers

monc

0

5

The Monitor client handles communication between most Ceph daemons and Monitors

mon

1

5

Monitors

ms

0

5

The messaging system between Ceph components

osd

0

5

The OSD Daemons

paxos

0

5

The algorithm that Monitors use to establish a consensus

rados

0

5

Reliable Autonomic Distributed Object Store, a core component of Ceph

rbd

0

5

The Ceph Block Devices

rgw

1

5

The Ceph Object Gateway

Example Log Outputs

The following examples show the type of messages in the logs when you increase the verbosity for the Monitors and OSDs.

Monitor Debug Settings

debug_ms = 5
debug_mon = 20
debug_paxos = 20
debug_auth = 20

Example Log Output of Monitor Debug Settings

2016-02-12 12:37:04.278761 7f45a9afc700 10 mon.cephn2@0(leader).osd e322 e322: 2 osds: 2 up, 2 in
2016-02-12 12:37:04.278792 7f45a9afc700 10 mon.cephn2@0(leader).osd e322  min_last_epoch_clean 322
2016-02-12 12:37:04.278795 7f45a9afc700 10 mon.cephn2@0(leader).log v1010106 log
2016-02-12 12:37:04.278799 7f45a9afc700 10 mon.cephn2@0(leader).auth v2877 auth
2016-02-12 12:37:04.278811 7f45a9afc700 20 mon.cephn2@0(leader) e1 sync_trim_providers
2016-02-12 12:37:09.278914 7f45a9afc700 11 mon.cephn2@0(leader) e1 tick
2016-02-12 12:37:09.278949 7f45a9afc700 10 mon.cephn2@0(leader).pg v8126 v8126: 64 pgs: 64 active+clean; 60168 kB data, 172 MB used, 20285 MB / 20457 MB avail
2016-02-12 12:37:09.278975 7f45a9afc700 10 mon.cephn2@0(leader).paxosservice(pgmap 7511..8126) maybe_trim trim_to 7626 would only trim 115 < paxos_service_trim_min 250
2016-02-12 12:37:09.278982 7f45a9afc700 10 mon.cephn2@0(leader).osd e322 e322: 2 osds: 2 up, 2 in
2016-02-12 12:37:09.278989 7f45a9afc700  5 mon.cephn2@0(leader).paxos(paxos active c 1028850..1029466) is_readable = 1 - now=2016-02-12 12:37:09.278990 lease_expire=0.000000 has v0 lc 1029466
....
2016-02-12 12:59:18.769963 7f45a92fb700  1 -- 192.168.0.112:6789/0 <== osd.1 192.168.0.114:6800/2801 5724 ==== pg_stats(0 pgs tid 3045 v 0) v1 ==== 124+0+0 (2380105412 0 0) 0x5d96300 con 0x4d5bf40
2016-02-12 12:59:18.770053 7f45a92fb700  1 -- 192.168.0.112:6789/0 --> 192.168.0.114:6800/2801 -- pg_stats_ack(0 pgs tid 3045) v1 -- ?+0 0x550ae00 con 0x4d5bf40
2016-02-12 12:59:32.916397 7f45a9afc700  0 mon.cephn2@0(leader).data_health(1) update_stats avail 53% total 1951 MB, used 780 MB, avail 1053 MB
....
2016-02-12 13:01:05.256263 7f45a92fb700  1 -- 192.168.0.112:6789/0 --> 192.168.0.113:6800/2410 -- mon_subscribe_ack(300s) v1 -- ?+0 0x4f283c0 con 0x4d5b440

OSD Debug Settings

debug_ms = 5
debug_osd = 20
debug_filestore = 20
debug_journal = 20

Example Log Output of OSD Debug Settings

2016-02-12 11:27:53.869151 7f5d55d84700  1 -- 192.168.17.3:0/2410 --> 192.168.17.4:6801/2801 -- osd_ping(ping e322 stamp 2016-02-12 11:27:53.869147) v2 -- ?+0 0x63baa00 con 0x578dee0
2016-02-12 11:27:53.869214 7f5d55d84700  1 -- 192.168.17.3:0/2410 --> 192.168.0.114:6801/2801 -- osd_ping(ping e322 stamp 2016-02-12 11:27:53.869147) v2 -- ?+0 0x638f200 con 0x578e040
2016-02-12 11:27:53.870215 7f5d6359f700  1 -- 192.168.17.3:0/2410 <== osd.1 192.168.0.114:6801/2801 109210 ==== osd_ping(ping_reply e322 stamp 2016-02-12 11:27:53.869147) v2 ==== 47+0+0 (261193640 0 0) 0x63c1a00 con 0x578e040
2016-02-12 11:27:53.870698 7f5d6359f700  1 -- 192.168.17.3:0/2410 <== osd.1 192.168.17.4:6801/2801 109210 ==== osd_ping(ping_reply e322 stamp 2016-02-12 11:27:53.869147) v2 ==== 47+0+0 (261193640 0 0) 0x6313200 con 0x578dee0
....
2016-02-12 11:28:10.432313 7f5d6e71f700  5 osd.0 322 tick
2016-02-12 11:28:10.432375 7f5d6e71f700 20 osd.0 322 scrub_random_backoff lost coin flip, randomly backing off
2016-02-12 11:28:10.432381 7f5d6e71f700 10 osd.0 322 do_waiters -- start
2016-02-12 11:28:10.432383 7f5d6e71f700 10 osd.0 322 do_waiters -- finish

See Also

2.2. Configuring Logging at Runtime

To activate the Ceph debugging output, dout(), at runtime:

ceph tell <type>.<id> injectargs --debug-<subsystem> <value> [--<name> <value>]

Replace:

  • <type> with the type of Ceph daemons (osd, mon, or mds)
  • <id> with a specific ID of the Ceph daemon. Alternatively, use * to apply the runtime setting to all daemons of a particular type.
  • <subsystem> with a specific subsystem. See Section 2.1, “Ceph Subsystems” for details.
  • <value> with a number from 1 to 20, where 1 is terse and 20 is verbose

For example, to set the log level for the OSD subsystem on the OSD named osd.0 to 0 and the memory level to 5:

# ceph tell osd.0 injectargs --debug-osd 0/5

To see the configuration settings at runtime:

  1. Log in to the host with a running Ceph daemon, for example ceph-osd or ceph-mon.
  2. Display the configuration:

    ceph daemon <name> config show | less

    Specify the name of the Ceph daemon, for example:

    # ceph daemon osd.0 config show | less

See Also

2.3. Configuring Logging in the Ceph Configuration File

To activate Ceph debugging output, dout() at boot time, add the debugging settings to the Ceph configuration file.

  • For subsystems common to each daemon, add the settings under the [global] section.
  • For subsystems for particular daemons, add the settings under a daemon section, such as [mon], [osd], or [mds].

For example:

[global]
        debug_ms = 1/5

[mon]
        debug_mon = 20
        debug_paxos = 1/5
        debug_auth = 2

[osd]
        debug_osd = 1/5
        debug_filestore = 1/5
        debug_journal = 1
        debug_monc = 5/20

[mds]
        debug_mds = 1

See Also

2.4. Accelerating Log Rotation

Increasing debugging level for Ceph components might generate a huge amount of data. If you have almost full disks, you can accelerate log rotation by modifying the Ceph log rotation file at /etc/logrotate.d/ceph. The Cron job scheduler uses this file to schedule log rotation.

Procedure: Accelerating Log Rotation

  1. Add the size setting after the rotation frequency to the log rotation file:

    rotate 7
    weekly
    size <size>
    compress
    sharedscripts

    For example, to rotate a log file when it reaches 500 MB:

    rotate 7
    weekly
    size 500 MB
    compress
    sharedscripts
    size 500M
  2. Open the crontab editor:

    $ crontab -e
  3. Add an entry to check the /etc/logrotate.d/ceph file. For example, to instruct Cron to check /etc/logrotate.d/ceph every 30 minutes:

    30 * * * * /usr/sbin/logrotate /etc/logrotate.d/ceph >/dev/null 2>&1

See Also

Chapter 3. Troubleshooting Networking Issues

This chapter lists basic troubleshooting procedures connected with networking and Network Time Protocol (NTP).

3.1. Basic Networking Troubleshooting

Red Hat Ceph Storage depends heavily on a reliable network connection. Red Hat Ceph Storage nodes use the network for communicating with each other. Networking issues can cause many problems with Ceph OSDs, such as them flapping, or being incorrectly reported as down. Networking issues can also cause the Ceph Monitor’s clock skew errors. In addition, packet loss, high latency, or limited bandwidth can impact the cluster performance and stability.

Procedure: Basic Networking Troubleshooting

  1. Installing the net-tools package can help when troubleshooting network issues that can occur in a Ceph storage cluster:

    Example

    [root@mon ~]# yum install net-tools
    [root@mon ~]# yum install telnet

  2. Verify that the cluster_network and public_network parameters in the Ceph configuration file include the correct values:

    Example

    [root@mon ~]# cat /etc/ceph/ceph.conf | grep net
    cluster_network = 192.168.1.0/24
    public_network = 192.168.0.0/24

  3. Verify that the network interfaces are up:

    Example

    [root@mon ~]# ip link list
    1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
        link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    2: enp22s0f0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
        link/ether 40:f2:e9:b8:a0:48 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

  4. Verify that the Ceph nodes are able to reach each other using their short host names. Verify this on each node in the storage cluster:

    Syntax

    ping SHORT_HOST_NAME

    Example

    [root@mon ~]# ping osd01

  5. If you use a firewall, ensure that Ceph nodes are able to reach other on their appropriate ports. The firewall-cmd and telnet tools can validate the port status, and if the port is open respectively:

    Syntax

    firewall-cmd --info-zone=ZONE
    telnet IP_ADDRESS PORT

    Example

    [root@mon ~]# firewall-cmd --info-zone=public
    public (active)
      target: default
      icmp-block-inversion: no
      interfaces: enp1s0
      sources: 192.168.0.0/24
      services: ceph ceph-mon cockpit dhcpv6-client ssh
      ports: 9100/tcp 8443/tcp 9283/tcp 3000/tcp 9092/tcp 9093/tcp 9094/tcp 9094/udp
      protocols:
      masquerade: no
      forward-ports:
      source-ports:
      icmp-blocks:
      rich rules:
    
    [root@mon ~]# telnet 192.168.0.22 9100

  6. Verify that there are no errors on the interface counters. Verify that the network connectivity between nodes has expected latency, and that there is no packet loss.

    1. Using the ethtool command:

      Syntax

      ethtool -S INTERFACE

      Example

      [root@mon ~]# ethtool -S enp22s0f0 | grep errors
      NIC statistics:
           rx_fcs_errors: 0
           rx_align_errors: 0
           rx_frame_too_long_errors: 0
           rx_in_length_errors: 0
           rx_out_length_errors: 0
           tx_mac_errors: 0
           tx_carrier_sense_errors: 0
           tx_errors: 0
           rx_errors: 0

    2. Using the ifconfig command:

      Example

      [root@mon ~]# ifconfig
      enp22s0f0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
      inet 10.8.222.13  netmask 255.255.254.0  broadcast 10.8.223.255
      inet6 2620:52:0:8de:42f2:e9ff:feb8:a048  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x0<global>
      inet6 fe80::42f2:e9ff:feb8:a048  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
      ether 40:f2:e9:b8:a0:48  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
      RX packets 4219130  bytes 2704255777 (2.5 GiB)
      RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0 1
      TX packets 1418329  bytes 738664259 (704.4 MiB)
      TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0 2
      device interrupt 16

    3. Using the netstat command:

      Example

      [root@mon ~]# netstat -ai
      Kernel Interface table
      Iface          MTU   RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR  TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg
      docker0       1500       0      0      0 0           0      0      0      0 BMU
      eno2          1500       0      0      0 0           0      0      0      0 BMU
      eno3          1500       0      0      0 0           0      0      0      0 BMU
      eno4          1500       0      0      0 0           0      0      0      0 BMU
      enp0s20u13u5  1500  253277      0      0 0           0      0      0      0 BMRU
      enp22s0f0     9000  234160      0      0 0      432326      0      0      0 BMRU 1
      lo           65536   10366      0      0 0       10366      0      0      0 LRU

  7. For performance issues, in addition to the latency checks and to verify the network bandwidth between all nodes of the storage cluster, use the iperf3 tool. The iperf3 tool does a simple point-to-point network bandwidth test between a server and a client.

    1. Install the iperf3 package on the Red Hat Ceph Storage nodes you want to check the bandwidth:

      Example

      [root@mon ~]# yum install iperf3

    2. On a Red Hat Ceph Storage node, start the iperf3 server:

      Example

      [root@mon ~]# iperf3 -s
      -----------------------------------------------------------
      Server listening on 5201
      -----------------------------------------------------------

      Note

      The default port is 5201, but can be set using the -P command argument.

    3. On a different Red Hat Ceph Storage node, start the iperf3 client:

      Example

      [root@osd ~]# iperf3 -c mon
      Connecting to host mon, port 5201
      [  4] local xx.x.xxx.xx port 52270 connected to xx.x.xxx.xx port 5201
      [ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth       Retr  Cwnd
      [  4]   0.00-1.00   sec   114 MBytes   954 Mbits/sec    0    409 KBytes
      [  4]   1.00-2.00   sec   113 MBytes   945 Mbits/sec    0    409 KBytes
      [  4]   2.00-3.00   sec   112 MBytes   943 Mbits/sec    0    454 KBytes
      [  4]   3.00-4.00   sec   112 MBytes   941 Mbits/sec    0    471 KBytes
      [  4]   4.00-5.00   sec   112 MBytes   940 Mbits/sec    0    471 KBytes
      [  4]   5.00-6.00   sec   113 MBytes   945 Mbits/sec    0    471 KBytes
      [  4]   6.00-7.00   sec   112 MBytes   937 Mbits/sec    0    488 KBytes
      [  4]   7.00-8.00   sec   113 MBytes   947 Mbits/sec    0    520 KBytes
      [  4]   8.00-9.00   sec   112 MBytes   939 Mbits/sec    0    520 KBytes
      [  4]   9.00-10.00  sec   112 MBytes   939 Mbits/sec    0    520 KBytes
      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
      [ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth       Retr
      [  4]   0.00-10.00  sec  1.10 GBytes   943 Mbits/sec    0             sender
      [  4]   0.00-10.00  sec  1.10 GBytes   941 Mbits/sec                  receiver
      
      iperf Done.

      This output shows a network bandwidth of 1.1 Gbits/second between the Red Hat Ceph Storage nodes, along with no retransmissions (Retr) during the test.

      Red Hat recommends you validate the network bandwidth between all the nodes in the storage cluster.

  8. Ensure that all nodes have the same network interconnect speed. Slower attached nodes might slow down the faster connected ones. Also, ensure that the inter switch links can handle the aggregated bandwidth of the attached nodes:

    Syntax

    ethtool INTERFACE

    Example

    [root@mon ~]# ethtool enp22s0f0
    Settings for enp22s0f0:
    Supported ports: [ TP ]
    Supported link modes:   10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
                            100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
                            1000baseT/Half 1000baseT/Full
    Supported pause frame use: No
    Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
    Supported FEC modes: Not reported
    Advertised link modes:  10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
                            100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
                            1000baseT/Half 1000baseT/Full
    Advertised pause frame use: Symmetric
    Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
    Advertised FEC modes: Not reported
    Link partner advertised link modes:  10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
                                         100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
                                         1000baseT/Full
    Link partner advertised pause frame use: Symmetric
    Link partner advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
    Link partner advertised FEC modes: Not reported
    Speed: 1000Mb/s 1
    Duplex: Full 2
    Port: Twisted Pair
    PHYAD: 1
    Transceiver: internal
    Auto-negotiation: on
    MDI-X: off
    Supports Wake-on: g
    Wake-on: d
    Current message level: 0x000000ff (255)
           drv probe link timer ifdown ifup rx_err tx_err
    Link detected: yes 3

See Also

3.2. Basic NTP Troubleshooting

This section includes basic NTP troubleshooting steps.

Procedure: Basic NTP Troubleshooting

  1. Verify that the ntpd daemon is running on the Monitor hosts:

    # systemctl status ntpd
  2. If ntpd is not running, enable and start it:

    # systemctl enable ntpd
    # systemctl start ntpd
  3. Ensure that ntpd is synchronizing the clocks correctly:

    $ ntpq -p
  4. See the How to troubleshoot NTP issues solution on the Red Hat Customer Portal for advanced NTP troubleshooting steps.

See Also

Chapter 4. Troubleshooting Monitors

This chapter contains information on how to fix the most common errors related to the Ceph Monitors.

Before You Start

4.1. The Most Common Error Messages Related to Monitors

The following tables list the most common error messages that are returned by the ceph health detail command, or included in the Ceph logs. The tables provide links to corresponding sections that explain the errors and point to specific procedures to fix the problems.

Table 4.1. Error Messages Related to Monitors

Error messageSee

HEALTH_WARN

mon.X is down (out of quorum)

Section 4.1.1, “A Monitor Is Out of Quorum”

clock skew

Section 4.1.2, “Clock Skew”

store is getting too big!

Section 4.1.3, “The Monitor Store is Getting Too Big”

Table 4.2. Common Error Messages in Ceph Logs Related to Monitors

Error messageLog fileSee

clock skew

Main cluster log

Section 4.1.2, “Clock Skew”

clocks not synchronized

Main cluster log

Section 4.1.2, “Clock Skew”

Corruption: error in middle of record

Monitor log

Section 4.1.1, “A Monitor Is Out of Quorum”

Section 4.3, “Recovering the Monitor Store”

Corruption: 1 missing files

Monitor log

Section 4.1.1, “A Monitor Is Out of Quorum”

Section 4.3, “Recovering the Monitor Store”

Caught signal (Bus error)

Monitor log

Section 4.1.1, “A Monitor Is Out of Quorum”

4.1.1. A Monitor Is Out of Quorum

One or more Monitors are marked as down but the other Monitors are still able to form a quorum. In addition, the ceph health detail command returns an error message similar to the following one:

HEALTH_WARN 1 mons down, quorum 1,2 mon.b,mon.c
mon.a (rank 0) addr 127.0.0.1:6789/0 is down (out of quorum)
What This Means

Ceph marks a Monitor as down due to various reasons.

If the ceph-mon daemon is not running, it might have a corrupted store or some other error is preventing the daemon from starting. Also, the /var/ partition might be full. As a consequence, ceph-mon is not able to perform any operations to the store located by default at /var/lib/ceph/mon-<short-host-name>/store.db and terminates.

If the ceph-mon daemon is running but the Monitor is out of quorum and marked as down, the cause of the problem depends on the Monitor state:

  • If the Monitor is in the probing state longer than expected, it cannot find the other Monitors. This problem can be caused by networking issues, or the Monitor can have an outdated Monitor map (monmap) and be trying to reach the other Monitors on incorrect IP addresses. Alternatively, if the monmap is up-to-date, Monitor’s clock might not be synchronized.
  • If the Monitor is in the electing state longer than expected, the Monitor’s clock might not be synchronized.
  • If the Monitor changes its state from synchronizing to electing and back, the cluster state is advancing. This means that it is generating new maps faster than the synchronization process can handle.
  • If the Monitor marks itself as the leader or a peon, then it believes to be in a quorum, while the remaining cluster is sure that it is not. This problem can be caused by failed clock synchronization.
To Troubleshoot This Problem
  1. Verify that the ceph-mon daemon is running. If not, start it:

    systemctl status ceph-mon@<host-name>
    systemctl start ceph-mon@<host-name>

    Replace <host-name> with the short name of the host where the daemon is running. Use the hostname -s command when unsure.

  2. If you are not able to start ceph-mon, follow the steps in The ceph-mon Daemon Cannot Start.
  3. If you are able to start the ceph-mon daemon but is is marked as down, follow the steps in The ceph-mon Daemon Is Running, but Still Marked as down.
The ceph-mon Daemon Cannot Start
  1. Check the corresponding Monitor log, by default located at /var/log/ceph/ceph-mon.<host-name>.log.
  2. If the log contains error messages similar to the following ones, the Monitor might have a corrupted store.

    Corruption: error in middle of record
    Corruption: 1 missing files; e.g.: /var/lib/ceph/mon/mon.0/store.db/1234567.ldb

    To fix this problem, replace the Monitor. See Section 4.4, “Replacing a Failed Monitor”.

  3. If the log contains an error message similar to the following one, the /var/ partition might be full. Delete any unnecessary data from /var/.

    Caught signal (Bus error)
    Important

    Do not delete any data from the Monitor directory manually. Instead, use the ceph-monstore-tool to compact it. See Section 4.5, “Compacting the Monitor Store” for details.

  4. If you see any other error messages, open a support ticket. See Chapter 9, Contacting Red Hat Support Service for details.
The ceph-mon Daemon Is Running, but Still Marked as down
  1. From the Monitor host that is out of the quorum, use the mon_status command to check its state:

    ceph daemon <id> mon_status

    Replace <id> with the ID of the Monitor, for example:

    # ceph daemon mon.a mon_status
  2. If the status is probing, verify the locations of the other Monitors in the mon_status output.

    1. If the addresses are incorrect, the Monitor has incorrect Monitor map (monmap). To fix this problem, see Section 4.2, “Injecting a Monitor Map”.
    2. If the addresses are correct, verify that the Monitor clocks are synchronized. See ] for details. In addition, troubleshoot any networking issues, see xref:troubleshooting-networking-issues[.
  3. If the status is electing, verify that the Monitor clocks are synchronized. See Section 4.1.2, “Clock Skew”.
  4. If the status changes from electing to synchronizing, open a support ticket. See Chapter 9, Contacting Red Hat Support Service for details.
  5. If the Monitor is the leader or a peon, verify that the Monitor clocks are synchronized. See ]. Open a support ticket if synchronizing the clocks does not solve the problem. See xref:contacting-red-hat-support-service[ for details.
See Also

4.1.2. Clock Skew

A Ceph Monitor is out of quorum, and the ceph health detail command output contains error messages similar to these:

mon.a (rank 0) addr 127.0.0.1:6789/0 is down (out of quorum)
mon.a addr 127.0.0.1:6789/0 clock skew 0.08235s > max 0.05s (latency 0.0045s)

In addition, Ceph logs contain error messages similar to these:

2015-06-04 07:28:32.035795 7f806062e700 0 log [WRN] : mon.a 127.0.0.1:6789/0 clock skew 0.14s > max 0.05s
2015-06-04 04:31:25.773235 7f4997663700 0 log [WRN] : message from mon.1 was stamped 0.186257s in the future, clocks not synchronized
What This Means

The clock skew error message indicates that Monitors' clocks are not synchronized. Clock synchronization is important because Monitors depend on time precision and behave unpredictably if their clocks are not synchronized.

The mon_clock_drift_allowed parameter determines what disparity between the clocks is tolerated. By default, this parameter is set to 0.05 seconds.

Important

Do not change the default value of mon_clock_drift_allowed without previous testing. Changing this value might affect the stability of the Monitors and the Ceph Storage Cluster in general.

Possible causes of the clock skew error include network problems or problems with Network Time Protocol (NTP) synchronization if that is configured. In addition, time synchronization does not work properly on Monitors deployed on virtual machines.

To Troubleshoot This Problem
  1. Verify that your network works correctly. For details, see ]. In particular, troubleshoot any problems with NTP clients if you use NTP. See xref:basic-ntp-troubleshooting[ for more information.
  2. If you use a remote NTP server, consider deploying your own NTP server on your network. For details, see the Configuring NTP Using ntpd chapter in the System Administrator’s Guide for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.
  3. If you do not use an NTP client, set one up. For details, see the Configuring the Network Time Protocol for Red Hat Ceph Storage section in the Red Hat Ceph Storage 3 Installation Guide for Red Hat Enterprise Linux or Ubuntu.
  4. If you use virtual machines for hosting the Monitors, move them to bare metal hosts. Using virtual machines for hosting Monitors is not supported. For details, see the Red Hat Ceph Storage: Supported configurations article on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
Note

Ceph evaluates time synchronization every five minutes only so there will be a delay between fixing the problem and clearing the clock skew messages.

See Also

4.1.3. The Monitor Store is Getting Too Big

The ceph health command returns an error message similar to the following one:

mon.ceph1 store is getting too big! 48031 MB >= 15360 MB -- 62% avail
What This Means

Ceph Monitors store is in fact a LevelDB database that stores entries as key–values pairs. The database includes a cluster map and is located by default at /var/lib/ceph/mon/<cluster-name>-<short-host-name>/store.db.

Querying a large Monitor store can take time. As a consequence, the Monitor can be delayed in responding to client queries.

In addition, if the /var/ partition is full, the Monitor cannot perform any write operations to the store and terminates. See Section 4.1.1, “A Monitor Is Out of Quorum” for details on troubleshooting this issue.

To Troubleshoot This Problem
  1. Check the size of the database:

    du -sch /var/lib/ceph/mon/<cluster-name>-<short-host-name>/store.db

    Specify the name of the cluster and the short host name of the host where the ceph-mon is running, for example:

    # du -sch /var/lib/ceph/mon/ceph-host1/store.db
    47G     /var/lib/ceph/mon/ceph-ceph1/store.db/
    47G     total
  2. Compact the Monitor store. For details, see Section 4.5, “Compacting the Monitor Store”.
See Also

4.1.4. Understanding Monitor Status

The mon_status command returns information about a Monitor, such as:

  • State
  • Rank
  • Elections epoch
  • Monitor map (monmap)

If Monitors are able to form a quorum, use mon_status with the ceph command-line utility.

If Monitors are not able to form a quorum, but the ceph-mon daemon is running, use the administration socket to execute mon_status. For details, see the Using the Administration Socket section in the Administration Guide for Red Hat Ceph Storage 3.

An example output of mon_status

{
    "name": "mon.3",
    "rank": 2,
    "state": "peon",
    "election_epoch": 96,
    "quorum": [
        1,
        2
    ],
    "outside_quorum": [],
    "extra_probe_peers": [],
    "sync_provider": [],
    "monmap": {
        "epoch": 1,
        "fsid": "d5552d32-9d1d-436c-8db1-ab5fc2c63cd0",
        "modified": "0.000000",
        "created": "0.000000",
        "mons": [
            {
                "rank": 0,
                "name": "mon.1",
                "addr": "172.25.1.10:6789\/0"
            },
            {
                "rank": 1,
                "name": "mon.2",
                "addr": "172.25.1.12:6789\/0"
            },
            {
                "rank": 2,
                "name": "mon.3",
                "addr": "172.25.1.13:6789\/0"
            }
        ]
    }
}

Monitor States
Leader
During the electing phase, Monitors are electing a leader. The leader is the Monitor with the highest rank, that is the rank with the lowest value. In the example above, the leader is mon.1.
Peon
Peons are the Monitors in the quorum that are not leaders. If the leader fails, the peon with the highest rank becomes a new leader.
Probing
A Monitor is in the probing state if it is looking for other Monitors. For example after you start the Monitors, they are probing until they find enough Monitors specified in the Monitor map (monmap) to form a quorum.
Electing
A Monitor is in the electing state if it is in the process of electing the leader. Usually, this status changes quickly.
Synchronizing
A Monitor is in the synchronizing state if it is synchronizing with the other Monitors to join the quorum. The smaller the Monitor store it, the faster the synchronization process. Therefore, if you have a large store, synchronization takes longer time.

4.2. Injecting a Monitor Map

If a Monitor has an outdated or corrupted Monitor map (monmap), it cannot join a quorum because it is trying to reach the other Monitors on incorrect IP addresses.

The safest way to fix this problem is to obtain and inject the actual Monitor map from other Monitors. Note that this action overwrites the existing Monitor map kept by the Monitor.

This procedure shows how to inject the Monitor map when the other Monitors are able to form a quorum, or when at least one Monitor has a correct Monitor map. If all Monitors have corrupted store and therefore also the Monitor map, see Section 4.3, “Recovering the Monitor Store”.

Procedure: Injecting a Monitor Map

  1. If the remaining Monitors are able to form a quorum, get the Monitor map by using the ceph mon getmap command:

    # ceph mon getmap -o /tmp/monmap
  2. If the remaining Monitors are not able to form the quorum and you have at least one Monitor with a correct Monitor map, copy it from that Monitor:

    1. Stop the Monitor which you want to copy the Monitor map from:

      systemctl stop ceph-mon@<host-name>

      For example, to stop the Monitor running on a host with the host1 short host name:

      # systemctl stop ceph-mon@host1
    2. Copy the Monitor map:

      ceph-mon -i <id> --extract-monmap /tmp/monmap

      Replace <id> with the ID of the Monitor which you want to copy the Monitor map from, for example:

      # ceph-mon -i mon.a  --extract-monmap /tmp/monmap
  3. Stop the Monitor with the corrupted or outdated Monitor map:

    systemctl stop ceph-mon@<host-name>

    For example, to stop a Monitor running on a host with the host2 short host name:

    # systemctl stop ceph-mon@host2
  4. Inject the Monitor map:

    ceph-mon -i <id> --inject-monmap /tmp/monmap

    Replace <id> with the ID of the Monitor with the corrupted or outdated Monitor map, for example:

    # ceph-mon -i mon.c --inject-monmap /tmp/monmap
  5. Start the Monitor, for example:

    # systemctl start ceph-mon@host2

    If you copied the Monitor map from another Monitor, start that Monitor, too, for example:

    # systemctl start ceph-mon@host1

See Also

4.3. Recovering the Monitor Store

Ceph Monitors store the cluster map in a key–value store such as LevelDB. If the store is corrupted on a Monitor, the Monitor terminates unexpectedly and fails to start again. The Ceph logs might include the following errors:

Corruption: error in middle of record
Corruption: 1 missing files; e.g.: /var/lib/ceph/mon/mon.0/store.db/1234567.ldb

Production clusters must use at least three Monitors so that if one fails, it can be replaced with another one. However, under certain circumstances, all Monitors can have corrupted stores. For example, when the Monitor nodes have incorrectly configured disk or file system settings, a power outage can corrupt the underlying file system.

If the store is corrupted on all Monitors, you can recover it with information stored on the OSD nodes by using utilities called ceph-monstore-tool and ceph-objectstore-tool.

Important

This procedure cannot recover the following information:

  • Metadata Daemon Server (MDS) keyrings and maps
  • Placement Group settings:

    • full ratio set by using the ceph pg set_full_ratio command
    • nearfull ratio set by using the ceph pg set_nearfull_ratio command
Important

Never restore the monitor store from an old backup. Rebuild the monitor store from the current cluster state using the following steps and restore from that.

Before You Start

  • Ensure that you have the rsync utility and the ceph-test package installed.

Procedure: Recovering the Monitor Store

Use the following commands from the Monitor node with the corrupted store.

  1. Collect the cluster map from all OSD nodes:

    ms=<directory>
    mkdir $ms
    
    for host in $host_list; do
      rsync -avz "$ms" root@$host:"$ms"; rm -rf "$ms"
      ssh root@$host <<EOF
      for osd in  /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-*; do
        ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path \$osd --op update-mon-db --mon-store-path $ms
      done
    EOF
    rsync -avz root@$host:$ms $ms; done

    Replace <directory> with a temporary directory to store the collected cluster map, for example:

    $ ms=/tmp/monstore/
    $ mkdir $ms
    $ for host in $host_list; do
      rsync -avz "$ms" root@$host:"$ms"; rm -rf "$ms"
      ssh root@$host <<EOF
      for osd in  /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-*; do
        ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path \$osd --op update-mon-db --mon-store-path $ms
      done
    EOF
    rsync -avz root@$host:$ms $ms; done
  2. Set appropriate capabilities:

    ceph-authtool <keyring>  -n mon. --cap mon 'allow *'
    ceph-authtool <keyring>  -n client.admin --cap mon 'allow *' --cap osd 'allow *' --cap mds 'allow *'

    Replace <keyring> with the path to the client administration keyring, for example:

    $ ceph-authtool /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring  -n mon. --cap mon 'allow *'
    $ ceph-authtool /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring  -n client.admin --cap mon 'allow *' --cap osd 'allow *' --cap mds 'allow *'
  3. Rebuild the Monitor store from the collected map:

    ceph-monstore-tool <directory> rebuild -- --keyring <keyring>

    Replace <directory> with the temporary directory from the first step and <keyring> with the path to the client administration keyring, for example:

    $ ceph-monstore-tool /tmp/mon-store rebuild -- --keyring /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring
    Note

    If you do not use the cephfx authentication, omit the --keyring option:

    $ ceph-monstore-tool /tmp/mon-store rebuild
  4. Back up the corrupted store:

    mv /var/lib/ceph/mon/<mon-ID>/store.db \
       /var/lib/ceph/mon/<mon-ID>/store.db.corrupted

    Replace <mon-ID> with the Monitor ID, for example <mon.0>:

    # mv /var/lib/ceph/mon/mon.0/store.db \
         /var/lib/ceph/mon/mon.0/store.db.corrupted
  5. Replace the corrupted store:

    mv /tmp/mon-store/store.db /var/lib/ceph/mon/<mon-ID>/store.db

    Replace <mon-ID> with the Monitor ID, for example <mon.0>:

    # mv /tmp/mon-store/store.db /var/lib/ceph/mon/mon.0/store.db

    Repeat this step for all Monitors with corrupted store.

  6. Change the owner of the new store:

    chown -R ceph:ceph /var/lib/ceph/mon/<mon-ID>/store.db

    Replace <mon-ID> with the Monitor ID, for example <mon.0>:

    # chown -R ceph:ceph /var/lib/ceph/mon/mon.0/store.db

    Repeat this step for all Monitors with corrupted store.

See also

4.4. Replacing a Failed Monitor

When a Monitor has a corrupted store, the recommended way to fix this problem is to replace the Monitor by using the Ansible automation application.

Before You Start

  • Before removing a Monitor, ensure that the other Monitors are running and able to form a quorum.

Procedure: Replacing a Failed Monitor

  1. From the Monitor host, remove the Monitor store by default located at /var/lib/ceph/mon/<cluster-name>-<short-host-name>:

    rm -rf /var/lib/ceph/mon/<cluster-name>-<short-host-name>

    Specify the short host name of the Monitor host and the cluster name. For example, to remove the Monitor store of a Monitor running on host1 from a cluster called remote:

    # rm -rf /var/lib/ceph/mon/remote-host1
  2. Remove the Monitor from the Monitor map (monmap):

    ceph mon remove <short-host-name> --cluster <cluster-name>

    Specify the short host name of the Monitor host and the cluster name. For example, to remove the Monitor running on host1 from a cluster called remote:

    # ceph mon remove host1 --cluster remote
  3. Troubleshoot and fix any problems related to the underlying file system or hardware of the Monitor host.
  4. From the Ansible administration node, redeploy the Monitor by running the ceph-ansible playbook:

    $ /usr/share/ceph-ansible/ansible-playbook site.yml

See Also

4.5. Compacting the Monitor Store

When the Monitor store has grown big in size, you can compact it:

Important

Monitor store size changes when the cluster is not in the active+clean state or during the rebalancing process. For this reason, compact the Monitor store when rebalancing is completed. Also, ensure that the placement groups are in the active+clean state.

Procedure: Compacting the Monitor Store Dynamically

To compact the Monitor store when the ceph-mon daemon is running:

ceph tell mon.<host-name> compact

Replace <host-name> with the short host name of the host where the ceph-mon is running. Use the hostname -s command when unsure.

# ceph tell mon.host1 compact

Procedure: Compacting the Monitor Store at Startup

  1. Add the following parameter to the Ceph configuration under the [mon] section:

    [mon]
    mon_compact_on_start = true
  2. Restart the ceph-mon daemon:

    systemctl restart ceph-mon@<host-name>

    Replace <host-name> with the short name of the host where the daemon is running. Use the hostname -s command when unsure.

    # systemctl restart ceph-mon@host1
  3. Ensure that Monitors have formed a quorum:

    # ceph mon stat
  4. Repeat these steps on other Monitors if needed.

Procedure: Compacting Monitor Store with ceph-monstore-tool

Note

Before you start, ensure that you have the ceph-test package installed.

  1. Verify that the ceph-mon daemon with the large store is not running. Stop the daemon if needed.

    systemctl status ceph-mon@<host-name>
    systemctl stop ceph-mon@<host-name>

    Replace <host-name> with the short name of the host where the daemon is running. Use the hostname -s command when unsure.

    # systemctl status ceph-mon@host1
    # systemctl stop ceph-mon@host1
  2. Compact the Monitor store:

    ceph-monstore-tool /var/lib/ceph/mon/mon.<host-name> compact

    Replace <host-name> with a short host name of the Monitor host.

    # ceph-monstore-tool /var/lib/ceph/mon/mon.node1 compact
  3. Start ceph-mon again:

    systemctl start ceph-mon@<host-name>

    For example:

    # systemctl start ceph-mon@host1

See Also

4.6. Opening Ports for Ceph Manager

The ceph-mgr daemons receive placement group information from OSDs on the same range of ports as the ceph-osd daemons. If these ports are not open, a cluster will devolve from HEALTH_OK to HEALTH_WARN and will indicate that PGs are unknown with a percentage count of the PGs unknown.

To resolve this situation, for each host running ceph-mgr daemons, open ports 6800:7300. For example:

[root@ceph-mgr] # firewall-cmd --add-port 6800:7300/tcp
[root@ceph-mgr] # firewall-cmd --add-port 6800:7300/tcp --permanent

Then, restart the ceph-mgr daemons.

Chapter 5. Troubleshooting OSDs

This chapter contains information on how to fix the most common errors related to Ceph OSDs.

Before You Start

5.1. The Most Common Error Messages Related to OSDs

The following tables list the most common error messages that are returned by the ceph health detail command, or included in the Ceph logs. The tables provide links to corresponding sections that explain the errors and point to specific procedures to fix the problems.

Table 5.2. Common Error Messages in Ceph Logs Related to OSDs

Error messageLog fileSee

heartbeat_check: no reply from osd.X

Main cluster log

Section 5.1.4, “Flapping OSDs”

wrongly marked me down

Main cluster log

Section 5.1.4, “Flapping OSDs”

osds have slow requests

Main cluster log

Section 5.1.5, “Slow Requests, and Requests are Blocked”

FAILED assert(!m_filestore_fail_eio)

OSD log

Section 5.1.3, “One or More OSDs Are Down”

FAILED assert(0 == "hit suicide timeout")

OSD log

Section 5.1.3, “One or More OSDs Are Down”

5.1.1. Full OSDs

The ceph health detail command returns an error message similar to the following one:

HEALTH_ERR 1 full osds
osd.3 is full at 95%
What This Means

Ceph prevents clients from performing I/O operations on full OSD nodes to avoid losing data. It returns the HEALTH_ERR full osds message when the cluster reaches the capacity set by the mon_osd_full_ratio parameter. By default, this parameter is set to 0.95 which means 95% of the cluster capacity.

To Troubleshoot This Problem

Determine how many percent of raw storage (%RAW USED) is used:

# ceph df

If %RAW USED is above 70-75%, you can:

See Also

5.1.2. Nearfull OSDs

The ceph health detail command returns an error message similar to the following one:

HEALTH_WARN 1 nearfull osds
osd.2 is near full at 85%
What This Means

Ceph returns the nearfull osds message when the cluster reaches the capacity set by the mon osd nearfull ratio defaults parameter. By default, this parameter is set to 0.85 which means 85% of the cluster capacity.

Ceph distributes data based on the CRUSH hierarchy in the best possible way but it cannot guarantee equal distribution. The main causes of the uneven data distribution and the nearfull osds messages are:

  • The OSDs are not balanced among the OSD nodes in the cluster. That is, some OSD nodes host significantly more OSDs than others, or the weight of some OSDs in the CRUSH map is not adequate to their capacity.
  • The Placement Group (PG) count is not proper as per the number of the OSDs, use case, target PGs per OSD, and OSD utilization.
  • The cluster uses inappropriate CRUSH tunables.
  • The back-end storage for OSDs is almost full.
To Troubleshoot This Problem:
  1. Verify that the PG count is sufficient and increase it if needed. See Section 7.5, “Increasing the PG Count” for details.
  2. Verify that you use CRUSH tunables optimal to the cluster version and adjust them if not. For details, see the CRUSH Tunables section in the Storage Strategies guide for Red Hat Ceph Storage 3 and the How can I test the impact CRUSH map tunable modifications will have on my PG distribution across OSDs in Red Hat Ceph Storage? solution on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
  3. Change the weight of OSDs by utilization. See the Set an OSD’s Weight by Utilization section in the Storage Strategies guide for Red Hat Ceph Storage 3.
  4. Determine how much space is left on the disks used by OSDs.

    1. To view how much space OSDs use in general:

      # ceph osd df
    2. To view how much space OSDs use on particular nodes. Use the following command from the node containing nearful OSDs:

      $ df
    3. If needed, add a new OSD node. See the Adding and Removing OSD Nodes chapter in the Administration Guide for Red Hat Ceph Storage 3.
See Also

5.1.3. One or More OSDs Are Down

The ceph health command returns an error similar to the following one:

HEALTH_WARN 1/3 in osds are down
What This Means

One of the ceph-osd processes is unavailable due to a possible service failure or problems with communication with other OSDs. As a consequence, the surviving ceph-osd daemons reported this failure to the Monitors.

If the ceph-osd daemon is not running, the underlying OSD drive or file system is either corrupted, or some other error, such as a missing keyring, is preventing the daemon from starting.

In most cases, networking issues cause the situation when the ceph-osd daemon is running but still marked as down.

To Troubleshoot This Problem
  1. Determine which OSD is down:

    # ceph health detail
    HEALTH_WARN 1/3 in osds are down
    osd.0 is down since epoch 23, last address 192.168.106.220:6800/11080
  2. Try to restart the ceph-osd daemon:

    systemctl restart ceph-osd@<OSD-number>

    Replace <OSD-number> with the ID of the OSD that is down, for example:

    # systemctl restart ceph-osd@0
    1. If you are not able start ceph-osd, follow the steps in The ceph-osd daemon cannot start.
    2. If you are able to start the ceph-osd daemon but it is marked as down, follow the steps in The ceph-osd daemon is running but still marked as down.
The ceph-osd daemon cannot start
  1. If you have a node containing a number of OSDs (generally, more that twelve), verify that the default maximum number of threads (PID count) is sufficient. See Section 5.5, “Increasing the PID count” for details.
  2. Verify that the OSD data and journal partitions are mounted properly:

    # ceph-disk list
    ...
    /dev/vdb :
     /dev/vdb1 ceph data, prepared
     /dev/vdb2 ceph journal
    /dev/vdc :
     /dev/vdc1 ceph data, active, cluster ceph, osd.1, journal /dev/vdc2
     /dev/vdc2 ceph journal, for /dev/vdc1
    /dev/sdd1 :
     /dev/sdd1 ceph data, unprepared
     /dev/sdd2 ceph journal

    A partition is mounted if ceph-disk marks it as active. If a partition is prepared, mount it. See Section 5.3, “Mounting the OSD Data Partition” for details. If a partition is unprepared, you must prepare it first before mounting. See the Preparing the OSD Data and Journal Drives section in the Administration Guide Red Hat Ceph Storage 3.

  3. If you got the ERROR: missing keyring, cannot use cephx for authentication error message, the OSD is a missing keyring. See the Keyring Management section in the Administration Guide for Red Hat Ceph Storage 3.
  4. If you got the ERROR: unable to open OSD superblock on /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-1 error message, the ceph-osd daemon cannot read the underlying file system. See the following steps for instructions on how to troubleshoot and fix this error.

    Note

    If this error message is returned during boot time of the OSD host, open a support ticket as this might indicate a known issue tracked in the Red Hat Bugzilla 1439210. See Chapter 9, Contacting Red Hat Support Service for details.

  5. Check the corresponding log file to determine the cause of the failure. By default, Ceph stores log files in the /var/log/ceph/ directory.

    1. An EIO error message similar to the following one indicates a failure of the underlying disk:

      FAILED assert(!m_filestore_fail_eio || r != -5)

      To fix this problem replace the underlying OSD disk. See Section 5.4, “Replacing an OSD Drive” for details.

    2. If the log includes any other FAILED assert errors, such as the following one, open a support ticket. See Chapter 9, Contacting Red Hat Support Service for details.

      FAILED assert(0 == "hit suicide timeout")
  6. Check the dmesg output for the errors with the underlying file system or disk:

    $ dmesg
    1. The error -5 error message similar to the following one indicates corruption of the underlying XFS file system. For details on how to fix this problem, see the What is the meaning of "xfs_log_force: error -5 returned"? solution on the Red Hat Customer Portal.

      xfs_log_force: error -5 returned
    2. If the dmesg output includes any SCSI error error messages, see the SCSI Error Codes Solution Finder solution on the Red Hat Customer Portal to determine the best way to fix the problem.
    3. Alternatively, if you are unable to fix the underlying file system, replace the OSD drive. See Section 5.4, “Replacing an OSD Drive” for details.
  7. If the OSD failed with a segmentation fault, such as the following one, gather the required information and open a support ticket. See Chapter 9, Contacting Red Hat Support Service for details.

    Caught signal (Segmentation fault)
The ceph-osd is running but still marked as down
  1. Check the corresponding log file to determine the cause of the failure. By default, Ceph stores log files in the /var/log/ceph/ directory.

    1. If the log includes error messages similar to the following ones, see Section 5.1.4, “Flapping OSDs”.

      wrongly marked me down
      heartbeat_check: no reply from osd.2 since back
    2. If you see any other errors, open a support ticket. See Chapter 9, Contacting Red Hat Support Service for details.
See Also

5.1.4. Flapping OSDs

The ceph -w | grep osds command shows OSDs repeatedly as down and then up again within a short period of time:

# ceph -w | grep osds
2017-04-05 06:27:20.810535 mon.0 [INF] osdmap e609: 9 osds: 8 up, 9 in
2017-04-05 06:27:24.120611 mon.0 [INF] osdmap e611: 9 osds: 7 up, 9 in
2017-04-05 06:27:25.975622 mon.0 [INF] HEALTH_WARN; 118 pgs stale; 2/9 in osds are down
2017-04-05 06:27:27.489790 mon.0 [INF] osdmap e614: 9 osds: 6 up, 9 in
2017-04-05 06:27:36.540000 mon.0 [INF] osdmap e616: 9 osds: 7 up, 9 in
2017-04-05 06:27:39.681913 mon.0 [INF] osdmap e618: 9 osds: 8 up, 9 in
2017-04-05 06:27:43.269401 mon.0 [INF] osdmap e620: 9 osds: 9 up, 9 in
2017-04-05 06:27:54.884426 mon.0 [INF] osdmap e622: 9 osds: 8 up, 9 in
2017-04-05 06:27:57.398706 mon.0 [INF] osdmap e624: 9 osds: 7 up, 9 in
2017-04-05 06:27:59.669841 mon.0 [INF] osdmap e625: 9 osds: 6 up, 9 in
2017-04-05 06:28:07.043677 mon.0 [INF] osdmap e628: 9 osds: 7 up, 9 in
2017-04-05 06:28:10.512331 mon.0 [INF] osdmap e630: 9 osds: 8 up, 9 in
2017-04-05 06:28:12.670923 mon.0 [INF] osdmap e631: 9 osds: 9 up, 9 in

In addition, the Ceph log contains error messages similar to the following ones:

2016-07-25 03:44:06.510583 osd.50 127.0.0.1:6801/149046 18992 : cluster [WRN] map e600547 wrongly marked me down
2016-07-25 19:00:08.906864 7fa2a0033700 -1 osd.254 609110 heartbeat_check: no reply from osd.2 since back 2016-07-25 19:00:07.444113 front 2016-07-25 18:59:48.311935 (cutoff 2016-07-25 18:59:48.906862)
What This Means

The main causes of flapping OSDs are:

  • Certain cluster operations, such as scrubbing or recovery, take an abnormal amount of time. For example, if you perform these operations on objects with a large index or large placement groups. Usually, after these operations finish, the flapping OSDs problem is solved.
  • Problems with the underlying physical hardware. In this case, the ceph health detail command also returns the slow requests error message. For details, see Section 5.1.5, “Slow Requests, and Requests are Blocked”.
  • Problems with network.

OSDs cannot handle well the situation when the cluster (back-end) network fails or develops significant latency while the public (front-end) network operates optimally.

OSDs use the cluster network for sending heartbeat packets to each other to indicate that they are up and in. If the cluster network does not work properly, OSDs are unable to send and receive the heartbeat packets. As a consequence, they report each other as being down to the Monitors, while marking themselves as up.

The following parameters in the Ceph configuration file influence this behavior:

ParameterDescriptionDefault value

osd_heartbeat_grace

How long OSDs wait for the heartbeat packets to return before reporting an OSD as down to the Monitors.

20 seconds

mon_osd_min_down_reporters

How many OSDs must report another OSD as down before the Monitors mark the OSD as down

2

This table shows that in the default configuration, the Ceph Monitors mark an OSD as down if only one OSD made three distinct reports about the first OSD being down. In some cases, if one single host encounters network issues, the entire cluster can experience flapping OSDs. This is because the OSDs that reside on the host will report other OSDs in the cluster as down.

Note

The flapping OSDs scenario does not include the situation when the OSD processes are started and then immediately killed.

To Troubleshoot This Problem
  1. Check the output of the ceph health detail command again. If it includes the slow requests error message, see Section 5.1.5, “Slow Requests, and Requests are Blocked” for details on how to troubleshoot this issue.

    # ceph health detail
    HEALTH_WARN 30 requests are blocked > 32 sec; 3 osds have slow requests
    30 ops are blocked > 268435 sec
    1 ops are blocked > 268435 sec on osd.11
    1 ops are blocked > 268435 sec on osd.18
    28 ops are blocked > 268435 sec on osd.39
    3 osds have slow requests
  2. Determine which OSDs are marked as down and on what nodes they reside:

    # ceph osd tree | grep down
  3. On the nodes containing the flapping OSDs, troubleshoot and fix any networking problems. For details, see Chapter 3, Troubleshooting Networking Issues.
  4. Alternatively, you can temporary force Monitors to stop marking the OSDs as down and up by setting the noup and nodown flags:

    # ceph osd set noup
    # ceph osd set nodown
    Important

    Using the noup and nodown flags does not fix the root cause of the problem but only prevents OSDs from flapping. Open a support ticket, if you are unable to fix and troubleshoot the error by yourself. See Chapter 9, Contacting Red Hat Support Service for details.

  5. Additionally, flapping OSDs can be fixed by setting osd heartbeat min size = 100 in the Ceph configuration file and then restarting the OSDs. This resolves network issue due to MTU misconfiguration.
Additional Resources

5.1.5. Slow Requests, and Requests are Blocked

The ceph-osd daemon is slow to respond to a request and the ceph health detail command returns an error message similar to the following one:

HEALTH_WARN 30 requests are blocked > 32 sec; 3 osds have slow requests
30 ops are blocked > 268435 sec
1 ops are blocked > 268435 sec on osd.11
1 ops are blocked > 268435 sec on osd.18
28 ops are blocked > 268435 sec on osd.39
3 osds have slow requests

In addition, the Ceph logs include an error message similar to the following ones:

2015-08-24 13:18:10.024659 osd.1 127.0.0.1:6812/3032 9 : cluster [WRN] 6 slow requests, 6 included below; oldest blocked for > 61.758455 secs
2016-07-25 03:44:06.510583 osd.50 [WRN] slow request 30.005692 seconds old, received at {date-time}: osd_op(client.4240.0:8 benchmark_data_ceph-1_39426_object7 [write 0~4194304] 0.69848840) v4 currently waiting for subops from [610]
What This Means

An OSD with slow requests is every OSD that is not able to service the I/O operations per second (IOPS) in the queue within the time defined by the osd_op_complaint_time parameter. By default, this parameter is set to 30 seconds.

The main causes of OSDs having slow requests are:

  • Problems with the underlying hardware, such as disk drives, hosts, racks, or network switches
  • Problems with network. These problems are usually connected with flapping OSDs. See Section 5.1.4, “Flapping OSDs” for details.
  • System load

The following table shows the types of slow requests. Use the dump_historic_ops administration socket command to determine the type of a slow request. For details about the administration socket, see the Using the Administration Socket section in the Administration Guide for Red Hat Ceph Storage 3.

Slow request typeDescription

waiting for rw locks

The OSD is waiting to acquire a lock on a placement group for the operation.

waiting for subops

The OSD is waiting for replica OSDs to apply the operation to the journal.

no flag points reached

The OSD did not reach any major operation milestone.

waiting for degraded object

The OSDs have not replicated an object the specified number of times yet.

To Troubleshoot This Problem
  1. Determine if the OSDs with slow or block requests share a common piece of hardware, for example a disk drive, host, rack, or network switch.
  2. If the OSDs share a disk:

    1. Use the smartmontools utility to check the health of the disk or the logs to determine any errors on the disk.

      Note

      The smartmontools utility is included in the smartmontools package.

    2. Use the iostat utility to get the I/O wait report (%iowai) on the OSD disk to determine if the disk is under heavy load.

      Note

      The iostat utility is included in the sysstat package.

  3. If the OSDs share a host:

    1. Check the RAM and CPU utilization
    2. Use the netstat utility to see the network statistics on the Network Interface Controllers (NICs) and troubleshoot any networking issues. See also Chapter 3, Troubleshooting Networking Issues for further information.
  4. If the OSDs share a rack, check the network switch for the rack. For example, if you use jumbo frames, verify that the NIC in the path has jumbo frames set.
  5. If you are unable to determine a common piece of hardware shared by OSDs with slow requests, or to troubleshoot and fix hardware and networking problems, open a support ticket. See Chapter 9, Contacting Red Hat Support Service for details.
See Also

5.2. Stopping and Starting Rebalancing

When an OSD fails or you stop it, the CRUSH algorithm automatically starts the rebalancing process to redistribute data across the remaining OSDs.

Rebalancing can take time and resources, therefore, consider stopping rebalancing during troubleshooting or maintaining OSDs. To do so, set the noout flag before stopping the OSD:

# ceph osd set noout

When you finish troubleshooting or maintenance, unset the noout flag to start rebalancing:

# ceph osd unset noout
Note

Placement groups within the stopped OSDs become degraded during troubleshooting and maintenance.

See Also

5.3. Mounting the OSD Data Partition

If the OSD data partition is not mounted correctly, the ceph-osd daemon cannot start. If you discover that the partition is not mounted as expected, follow the steps in this section to mount it.

Procedure: Mounting the OSD Data Partition

  1. Mount the partition:

    # mount -o noatime <partition> /var/lib/ceph/osd/<cluster-name>-<osd-number>

    Replace <partition> with the path to the partition on the OSD drive dedicated to OSD data. Specify the cluster name and the OSD number, for example:

    # mount -o noatime /dev/sdd1 /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0
  2. Try to start the failed ceph-osd daemon:

    # systemctl start ceph-osd@<OSD-number>

    Replace the <OSD-number> with the ID of the OSD, for example:

    # systemctl start ceph-osd@0

See Also

5.4. Replacing an OSD Drive

Ceph is designed for fault tolerance, which means that it can operate in a degraded state without losing data. Consequently, Ceph can operate even if a data storage drive fails. In the context of a failed drive, the degraded state means that the extra copies of the data stored on other OSDs will backfill automatically to other OSDs in the cluster. However, if this occurs, replace the failed OSD drive and recreate the OSD manually.

When a drive fails, Ceph reports the OSD as down:

HEALTH_WARN 1/3 in osds are down
osd.0 is down since epoch 23, last address 192.168.106.220:6800/11080
Note

Ceph can mark an OSD as down also as a consequence of networking or permissions problems. See Section 5.1.3, “One or More OSDs Are Down” for details.

Modern servers typically deploy with hot-swappable drives so you can pull a failed drive and replace it with a new one without bringing down the node. The whole procedure includes these steps:

  1. Remove the OSD from the Ceph cluster. For details, see the Removing an OSD from the Ceph Cluster procedure.
  2. Replace the drive. For details see, the Replacing the Physical Drive section.
  3. Add the OSD to the cluster. For details, see the Adding an OSD to the Ceph Cluster procedure.

Before You Start

  1. Determine which OSD is down:

    # ceph osd tree | grep -i down
    ID WEIGHT  TYPE NAME      UP/DOWN REWEIGHT PRIMARY-AFFINITY
     0 0.00999         osd.0     down  1.00000          1.00000
  2. Ensure that the OSD process is stopped. Use the following command from the OSD node:

    # systemctl status ceph-osd@<OSD-number>

    Replace <OSD-number> with the ID of the OSD marked as down, for example:

    # systemctl status ceph-osd@osd.0
    ...
       Active: inactive (dead)

    If the ceph-osd daemon is running. See Section 5.1.3, “One or More OSDs Are Down” for more details about troubleshooting OSDs that are marked as down but their corresponding ceph-osd daemon is running.

Procedure: Removing an OSD from the Ceph Cluster

  1. Mark the OSD as out:

    # ceph osd out osd.<OSD-number>

    Replace <OSD-number> with the ID of the OSD that is marked as down, for example:

    # ceph osd out osd.0
    marked out osd.0.
    Note

    If the OSD is down, Ceph marks it as out automatically after 600 seconds when it does not receive any heartbeat packet from the OSD. When this happens, other OSDs with copies of the failed OSD data begin backfilling to ensure that the required number of copies exists within the cluster. While the cluster is backfilling, the cluster will be in a degraded state.

  2. Ensure that the failed OSD is backfilling. The output will include information similar to the following one:

    # ceph -w | grep backfill
    2017-06-02 04:48:03.403872 mon.0 [INF] pgmap v10293282: 431 pgs: 1 active+undersized+degraded+remapped+backfilling, 28 active+undersized+degraded, 49 active+undersized+degraded+remapped+wait_backfill, 59 stale+active+clean, 294 active+clean; 72347 MB data, 101302 MB used, 1624 GB / 1722 GB avail; 227 kB/s rd, 1358 B/s wr, 12 op/s; 10626/35917 objects degraded (29.585%); 6757/35917 objects misplaced (18.813%); 63500 kB/s, 15 objects/s recovering
    2017-06-02 04:48:04.414397 mon.0 [INF] pgmap v10293283: 431 pgs: 2 active+undersized+degraded+remapped+backfilling, 75 active+undersized+degraded+remapped+wait_backfill, 59 stale+active+clean, 295 active+clean; 72347 MB data, 101398 MB used, 1623 GB / 1722 GB avail; 969 kB/s rd, 6778 B/s wr, 32 op/s; 10626/35917 objects degraded (29.585%); 10580/35917 objects misplaced (29.457%); 125 MB/s, 31 objects/s recovering
    2017-06-02 04:48:00.380063 osd.1 [INF] 0.6f starting backfill to osd.0 from (0'0,0'0] MAX to 2521'166639
    2017-06-02 04:48:00.380139 osd.1 [INF] 0.48 starting backfill to osd.0 from (0'0,0'0] MAX to 2513'43079
    2017-06-02 04:48:00.380260 osd.1 [INF] 0.d starting backfill to osd.0 from (0'0,0'0] MAX to 2513'136847
    2017-06-02 04:48:00.380849 osd.1 [INF] 0.71 starting backfill to osd.0 from (0'0,0'0] MAX to 2331'28496
    2017-06-02 04:48:00.381027 osd.1 [INF] 0.51 starting backfill to osd.0 from (0'0,0'0] MAX to 2513'87544
  3. Remove the OSD from the CRUSH map:

    # ceph osd crush remove osd.<OSD-number>

    Replace <OSD-number> with the ID of the OSD that is marked as down, for example:

    # ceph osd crush remove osd.0
    removed item id 0 name 'osd.0' from crush map
  4. Remove authentication keys related to the OSD:

    # ceph auth del osd.<OSD-number>

    Replace <OSD-number> with the ID of the OSD that is marked as down, for example:

    # ceph auth del osd.0
    updated
  5. Remove the OSD from the Ceph Storage Cluster:

    # ceph osd rm osd.<OSD-number>

    Replace <OSD-number> with the ID of the OSD that is marked as down, for example:

    # ceph osd rm osd.0
    removed osd.0

    If you have removed the OSD successfully, it is not present in the output of the following command:

    # ceph osd tree
  6. Unmount the failed drive:

    # umount /var/lib/ceph/osd/<cluster-name>-<OSD-number>

    Specify the name of the cluster and the ID of the OSD, for example:

    # umount /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0/

    If you have unmounted the drive successfully, it is not present in the output of the following command:

    # df -h

Procedure: Replacing the Physical Drive

  1. See the documentation for the hardware node for details on replacing the physical drive.

    1. If the drive is hot-swappable, replace the failed drive with a new one.
    2. If the drive is not hot-swappable and the node contains multiple OSDs, you might have to shut down the whole node and replace the physical drive. Consider preventing the cluster from backfilling. See Section 5.2, “Stopping and Starting Rebalancing” for details.
  2. When the drive appears under the /dev/ directory, make a note of the drive path.
  3. If you want to add the OSD manually, find the OSD drive and format the disk.

Procedure: Adding an OSD to the Ceph Cluster

  1. Add the OSD again.

    1. If you used Ansible to deploy the cluster, run the ceph-ansible playbook again from the Ceph administration server:

      # ansible-playbook /usr/share/ceph-ansible site.yml
    2. If you added the OSD manually, see the Adding an OSD with the Command-line Interface section in the _Administration Guid_e for Red Hat Ceph Storage 3.
  2. Ensure that the CRUSH hierarchy is accurate:

    # ceph osd tree
  3. If you are not satisfied with the location of the OSD in the CRUSH hierarchy, move the OSD to a desired location:

    ceph osd crush move <bucket-to-move> <bucket-type>=<parent-bucket>

    For example, to move the bucket located at sdd:row1 to the root bucket:

    # ceph osd crush move ssd:row1 root=ssd:root

See Also

5.5. Increasing the PID count

If you have a node containing more than 12 Ceph OSDs, the default maximum number of threads (PID count) can be insufficient, especially during recovery. As a consequence, some ceph-osd daemons can terminate and fail to start again. If this happens, increase the maximum possible number of threads allowed.

To temporary increase the number:

# sysctl -w kernel.pid.max=4194303

To permanently increase the number, update the /etc/sysctl.conf file as follows:

kernel.pid.max = 4194303

5.6. Deleting Data from a Full Cluster

Ceph automatically prevents any I/O operations on OSDs that reached the capacity specified by the mon_osd_full_ratio parameter and returns the full osds error message.

This procedure shows how to delete unnecessary data to fix this error.

Note

The mon_osd_full_ratio parameter sets the value of the full_ratio parameter when creating a cluster. You cannot change the value of mon_osd_full_ratio afterwards. To temporarily increase the full_ratio value, increase the set-full-ratio instead.

Procedure: Deleting Data from a Full Cluster

  1. Determine the current value of full_ratio, by default it is set to 0.95:

    # ceph osd dump | grep -i full
    full_ratio 0.95
  2. Temporarily increase the value by setting set-full-ratio to 0.97:

    # ceph osd set-full-ratio 0.97
    Important

    Red Hat strongly recommends to not set the set-full-ratio to a value higher than 0.97. Setting this parameter to a higher value makes the recovery process harder. As a consequence, you might not be able to recover full OSDs at all.

  3. Verify that you successfully set the parameter to 0.97:

    # ceph osd dump | grep -i full
    full_ratio 0.97
  4. Monitor the cluster state:

    # ceph -w

    As soon as the cluster changes its state from full to nearfull, delete any unnecessary data.

  5. Set the value of full_ratio back to 0.95:

    # ceph osd set-full-ratio 0.95
  6. Verify that you successfully set the parameter to 0.95:

    # ceph osd dump | grep -i full
    full_ratio 0.95

See Also

Chapter 6. Troubleshooting a multisite Ceph Object Gateway

This chapter contains information on how to fix the most common errors related to multisite Ceph Object Gateways configuration and operational conditions.

6.1. Prerequisites

  • A running Red Hat Ceph Storage 3 environment.
  • A running Ceph Object Gateway.

6.2. Error code definitions for the Ceph Object Gateway

The Ceph Object Gateway logs contain error and warning messages to assist in troubleshooting conditions in your environment. Some common ones are listed below with suggested resolutions. Contact Red Hat Support for any additional assistance.

Common error messages

data_sync: ERROR: a sync operation returned error
This is the high-level data sync process complaining that a lower-level bucket sync process returned an error. This message is redundant; the bucket sync error appears above it in the log.
data sync: ERROR: failed to sync object: <bucket name>:<object name>
Either the process failed to fetch the required object over HTTP from a remote gateway or the process failed to write that object to RADOS and it will be tried again.
data sync: ERROR: failure in sync, backing out (sync_status=2)
A low level message reflecting one of the above conditions, specifically that the data was deleted before it could sync and thus showing a -2 ENOENT status.
data sync: ERROR: failure in sync, backing out (sync_status=-5)
A low level message reflecting one of the above conditions, specifically that we failed to write that object to RADOS and thus showing a -5 EIO.
ERROR: failed to fetch remote data log info: ret=11
This is the EAGAIN generic error code from libcurl reflecting an error condition from another gateway. It will try again by default.
meta sync: ERROR: failed to read mdlog info with (2) No such file or directory
The shard of the mdlog was never created so there is nothing to sync.

Syncing error messages

failed to sync object
Either the process failed to fetch this object over HTTP from a remote gateway or it failed to write that object to RADOS and it will be tried again.
failed to sync bucket instance: (11) Resource temporarily unavailable
A connection issue between primary and secondary zones.
failed to sync bucket instance: (125) Operation canceled
A racing condition exists between writes to the same RADOS object.

6.3. Syncing a multisite Ceph Object Gateway

A multisite sync reads the change log from other zones. To get a high-level view of the sync progress from the metadata and the data loags, you can use the following command:

radosgw-admin sync status

This command lists which log shards, if any, which are behind their source zone.

If the results of the sync status you have run above reports log shards are behind, run the following command substituting the shard-id for X.

radosgw-admin data sync status --shard-id=X
Replace…​
X with the ID number of the shard.

Example

[root@rgw ~]# radosgw-admin data sync status --shard-id=27
{
  "shard_id": 27,
  "marker": {
         "status": "incremental-sync",
         "marker": "1_1534494893.816775_131867195.1",
         "next_step_marker": "",
         "total_entries": 1,
         "pos": 0,
         "timestamp": "0.000000"
   },
   "pending_buckets": [],
   "recovering_buckets": [
         "pro-registry:4ed07bb2-a80b-4c69-aa15-fdc17ae6f5f2.314303.1:26"
   ]
}

The output lists which buckets are next to sync and which buckets, if any, are going to be retried due to previous errors.

Inspect the status of individual buckets with the following command, substituting the bucket id for X.

radosgw-admin bucket sync status --bucket=X.
Replace…​
X with the ID number of the bucket.

The result shows which bucket index log shards are behind their source zone.

A common error in sync is EBUSY, which means the sync is already in progress, often on another gateway. Read errors written to the sync error log, which can be read with the following command:

radosgw-admin sync error list

The syncing process will try again until it is successful. Errors can still occur that can require intervention.

6.3.1. Performance counters for multi-site Ceph Object Gateway data sync

The following performance counters are available for multi-site configurations of the Ceph Object Gateway to measure data sync:

  • poll_latency measures the latency of requests for remote replication logs.
  • fetch_bytes measures the number of objects and bytes fetched by data sync.

Use the ceph daemon .. perf dump command to view the current metric data for the performance counters:

# ceph daemon /var/run/ceph/{rgw}.asok

Example output:

{
    "data-sync-from-us-west": {
        "fetch bytes": {
            "avgcount": 54,
            "sum": 54526039885
        },
        "fetch not modified": 7,
        "fetch errors": 0,
        "poll latency": {
            "avgcount": 41,
            "sum": 2.533653367,
            "avgtime": 0.061796423
        },
        "poll errors": 0
    }
}
Note

You must run the ceph daemon command from the node running the daemon.

Additional Resources

  • For more information about performance counters, see the Performance Counters section in the Administration Guide for Red Hat Ceph Storage 3

Chapter 7. Troubleshooting Placement Groups

This section contains information about fixing the most common errors related to the Ceph Placement Groups (PGs).

Before You Start

7.2. Listing Placement Groups in stale, inactive, or unclean State

After a failure, placement groups enter states like degraded or peering. This states indicate normal progression through the failure recovery process.

However, if a placement group stays in one of these states for a longer time than expected, it can be an indication of a larger problem. The Monitors reports when placement groups get stuck in a state that is not optimal.

The following table lists these states together with a short explanation.

StateWhat it meansMost common causesSee

inactive

The PG has not been able to service read/write requests.

  • Peering problems

Section 7.1.4, “Inactive Placement Groups”

unclean

The PG contains objects that are not replicated the desired number of times. Something is preventing the PG from recovering.

  • unfound objects
  • OSDs are down
  • Incorrect configuration

Section 7.1.3, “Unclean Placement Groups”

stale

The status of the PG has not been updated by a ceph-osd daemon.

  • OSDs are down

Section 7.1.1, “Stale Placement Groups”

The mon_pg_stuck_threshold parameter in the Ceph configuration file determines the number of seconds after which placement groups are considered inactive, unclean, or stale.

List the stuck PGs:

# ceph pg dump_stuck inactive
# ceph pg dump_stuck unclean
# ceph pg dump_stuck stale

See Also

7.3. Listing Inconsistencies

Use the rados utility to list inconsistencies in various replicas of an objects. Use the --format=json-pretty option to list a more detailed output.

You can list:

Listing Inconsistent Placement Groups in a Pool

rados list-inconsistent-pg <pool> --format=json-pretty

For example, list all inconsistent placement groups in a pool named data:

# rados list-inconsistent-pg data --format=json-pretty
[0.6]

Listing Inconsistent Objects in a Placement Group

rados list-inconsistent-obj <placement-group-id>

For example, list inconsistent objects in a placement group with ID 0.6:

# rados list-inconsistent-obj 0.6
{
    "epoch": 14,
    "inconsistents": [
        {
            "object": {
                "name": "image1",
                "nspace": "",
                "locator": "",
                "snap": "head",
                "version": 1
            },
            "errors": [
                "data_digest_mismatch",
                "size_mismatch"
            ],
            "union_shard_errors": [
                "data_digest_mismatch_oi",
                "size_mismatch_oi"
            ],
            "selected_object_info": "0:602f83fe:::foo:head(16'1 client.4110.0:1 dirty|data_digest|omap_digest s 968 uv 1 dd e978e67f od ffffffff alloc_hint [0 0 0])",
            "shards": [
                {
                    "osd": 0,
                    "errors": [],
                    "size": 968,
                    "omap_digest": "0xffffffff",
                    "data_digest": "0xe978e67f"
                },
                {
                    "osd": 1,
                    "errors": [],
                    "size": 968,
                    "omap_digest": "0xffffffff",
                    "data_digest": "0xe978e67f"
                },
                {
                    "osd": 2,
                    "errors": [
                        "data_digest_mismatch_oi",
                        "size_mismatch_oi"
                    ],
                    "size": 0,
                    "omap_digest": "0xffffffff",
                    "data_digest": "0xffffffff"
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}

The following fields are important to determine what causes the inconsistency:

  • name: The name of the object with inconsistent replicas.
  • nspace: The namespace that is a logical separation of a pool. It’s empty by default.
  • locator: The key that is used as the alternative of the object name for placement.
  • snap: The snapshot ID of the object. The only writable version of the object is called head. If an object is a clone, this field includes its sequential ID.
  • version: The version ID of the object with inconsistent replicas. Each write operation to an object increments it.
  • errors: A list of errors that indicate inconsistencies between shards without determining which shard or shards are incorrect. See the shard array to further investigate the errors.

    • data_digest_mismatch: The digest of the replica read from one OSD is different from the other OSDs.
    • size_mismatch: The size of a clone or the head object does not match the expectation.
    • read_error: This error indicates inconsistencies caused most likely by disk errors.
  • union_shard_error: The union of all errors specific to shards. These errors are connected to a faulty shard. The errors that end with oi indicate that you have to compare the information from a faulty object to information with selected objects. See the shard array to further investigate the errors.

    In the above example, the object replica stored on osd.2 has different digest than the replicas stored on osd.0 and osd.1. Specifically, the digest of the replica is not 0xffffffff as calculated from the shard read from osd.2, but 0xe978e67f. In addition, the size of the replica read from osd.2 is 0, while the size reported by osd.0 and osd.1 is 968.

Listing Inconsistent Snapshot Sets in a Placement Group

rados list-inconsistent-snapset <placement-group-id>

For example, list inconsistent sets of snapshots (snapsets) in a placement group with ID 0.23:

# rados list-inconsistent-snapset 0.23 --format=json-pretty
{
    "epoch": 64,
    "inconsistents": [
        {
            "name": "obj5",
            "nspace": "",
            "locator": "",
            "snap": "0x00000001",
            "headless": true
        },
        {
            "name": "obj5",
            "nspace": "",
            "locator": "",
            "snap": "0x00000002",
            "headless": true
        },
        {
            "name": "obj5",
            "nspace": "",
            "locator": "",
            "snap": "head",
            "ss_attr_missing": true,
            "extra_clones": true,
            "extra clones": [
                2,
                1
            ]
        }
    ]

The command returns the following errors:

  • ss_attr_missing: One or more attributes are missing. Attributes are information about snapshots encoded into a snapshot set as a list of key-value pairs.
  • ss_attr_corrupted: One or more attributes fail to decode.
  • clone_missing: A clone is missing.
  • snapset_mismatch: The snapshot set is inconsistent by itself.
  • head_mismatch: The snapshot set indicates that head exists or not, but the scrub results report otherwise.
  • headless: The head of the snapshot set is missing.
  • size_mismatch: The size of a clone or the head object does not match the expectation.

See Also

7.4. Repairing Inconsistent Placement Groups

Due to an error during deep scrubbing, some placement groups can include inconsistencies. Ceph reports such placement groups as inconsistent:

HEALTH_ERR 1 pgs inconsistent; 2 scrub errors
pg 0.6 is active+clean+inconsistent, acting [0,1,2]
2 scrub errors
Warning

You can repair only certain inconsistencies. Do not repair the placement groups if the Ceph logs include the following errors:

<pg.id> shard <osd>: soid <object> digest <digest> != known digest <digest>
<pg.id> shard <osd>: soid <object> omap_digest <digest> != known omap_digest <digest>

Open a support ticket instead. See Chapter 9, Contacting Red Hat Support Service for details.

Repair the inconsistent placement groups:

ceph pg repair <id>

Replace <id> with the ID of the inconsistent placement group.

See Also

7.5. Increasing the PG Count

Insufficient Placement Group (PG) count impacts the performance of the Ceph cluster and data distribution. It is one of the main causes of the nearfull osds error messages.

The recommended ratio is between 100 and 300 PGs per OSD. This ratio can decrease when you add more OSDs to the cluster.

The pg_num and pgp_num parameters determine the PG count. These parameters are configured per each pool, and therefore, you must adjust each pool with low PG count separately.

Important

Increasing the PG count is the most intensive process that you can perform on a Ceph cluster. This process might have serious performance impact if not done in a slow and methodical way. Once you increase pgp_num, you will not be able to stop or reverse the process and you must complete it.

Consider increasing the PG count outside of business critical processing time allocation, and alert all clients about the potential performance impact.

Do not change the PG count if the cluster is in the HEALTH_ERR state.

Procedure: Increasing the PG Count

  1. Reduce the impact of data redistribution and recovery on individual OSDs and OSD hosts:

    1. Lower the value of the osd max backfills, osd_recovery_max_active, and osd_recovery_op_priority parameters:

      # ceph tell osd.* injectargs '--osd_max_backfills 1 --osd_recovery_max_active 1 --osd_recovery_op_priority 1'
    2. Disable the shallow and deep scrubbing:

      # ceph osd set noscrub
      # ceph osd set nodeep-scrub
  2. Use the Ceph Placement Groups (PGs) per Pool Calculator to calculate the optimal value of the pg_num and pgp_num parameters.
  3. Increase the pg_num value in small increments until you reach the desired value.

    1. Determine the starting increment value. Use a very low value that is a power of two, and increase it when you determine the impact on the cluster. The optimal value depends on the pool size, OSD count, and client I/O load.
    2. Increment the pg_num value:

      ceph osd pool set <pool> pg_num <value>

      Specify the pool name and the new value, for example:

      # ceph osd pool set data pg_num 4
    3. Monitor the status of the cluster:

      # ceph -s

      The PGs state will change from creating to active+clean. Wait until all PGs are in the active+clean state.

  4. Increase the pgp_num value in small increments until you reach the desired value:

    1. Determine the starting increment value. Use a very low value that is a power of two, and increase it when you determine the impact on the cluster. The optimal value depends on the pool size, OSD count, and client I/O load.
    2. Increment the pgp_num value:

      ceph osd pool set <pool> pgp_num <value>

      Specify the pool name and the new value, for example:

      # ceph osd pool set data pgp_num 4
    3. Monitor the status of the cluster:

      # ceph -s

      The PGs state will change through peering, wait_backfill, backfilling, recover, and others. Wait until all PGs are in the active+clean state.

  5. Repeat the previous steps for all pools with insufficient PG count.
  6. Set osd max backfills, osd_recovery_max_active, and osd_recovery_op_priority to their default values:

    # ceph tell osd.* injectargs '--osd_max_backfills 1 --osd_recovery_max_active 3 --osd_recovery_op_priority 3'
  7. Enable the shallow and deep scrubbing:

    # ceph osd unset noscrub
    # ceph osd unset nodeep-scrub

See also

Chapter 8. Troubleshooting objects

As a storage administrator, you can use the ceph-objectstore-tool utility to perform high-level or low-level object operations. The ceph-objectstore-tool utility can help you troubleshoot problems related to objects within a particular OSD or placement group.

Important

Manipulating objects can cause unrecoverable data loss. Contact Red Hat support before using the ceph-objectstore-tool utility.

8.1. Prerequisites

  • Verify there are no network related issues.

8.2. Troubleshooting high-level object operations

As a storage administrator, you can use the ceph-objectstore-tool utility to perform high-level object operations. The ceph-objectstore-tool utility supports the following high-level object operations:

  • List objects
  • List lost objects
  • Fix lost objects
Important

Manipulating objects can cause unrecoverable data loss. Contact Red Hat support before using the ceph-objectstore-tool utility.

8.2.1. Prerequisites

  • Having root access to the Ceph OSD nodes.

8.2.2. Listing objects

The OSD can contain zero to many placement groups, and zero to many objects within a placement group (PG). The ceph-objectstore-tool utility allows you to list objects stored within an OSD.

Prerequisites

  • Having root access to the Ceph OSD node.
  • Stopping the ceph-osd daemon.

Procedure

  1. Verify the appropriate OSD is down:

    Syntax

    systemctl status ceph-osd@$OSD_NUMBER

    Example

    [root@osd ~]# systemctl status ceph-osd@1

  2. Identify all the objects within an OSD, regardless of their placement group:

    Syntax

    ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path $PATH_TO_OSD --op list

    Example

    [root@osd ~]# ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0 --op list

  3. Identify all the objects within a placement group:

    Syntax

    ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path $PATH_TO_OSD --pgid $PG_ID --op list

    Example

    [root@osd ~]# ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0 --pgid 0.1c --op list

  4. Identify the PG an object belongs to:

    Syntax

    ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path $PATH_TO_OSD --op list $OBJECT_ID

    Example

    [root@osd ~]# ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0 --op list default.region

Additional Resources

8.2.3. Fixing lost objects

You can use the ceph-objectstore-tool utility to list and fix lost and unfound objects stored within a Ceph OSD. This procedure applies only to legacy objects.

Prerequisites

  • Having root access to the Ceph OSD node.
  • Stopping the ceph-osd daemon.

Procedure

  1. Verify the appropriate OSD is down:

    Syntax

    systemctl status ceph-osd@$OSD_NUMBER

    Example

    [root@osd ~]# systemctl status ceph-osd@1

  2. To list all the lost legacy objects:

    Syntax

    ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path $PATH_TO_OSD --op fix-lost --dry-run

    Example

    [root@osd ~]# ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0 --op fix-lost --dry-run

  3. Use the ceph-objectstore-tool utility to fix lost and unfound objects. Select the appropriate circumstance:

    1. To fix all lost objects:

      Syntax

      ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path $PATH_TO_OSD --op fix-lost

      Example

      [root@osd ~]# ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0 --op fix-lost

    2. To fix all the lost objects within a placement group:

      Syntax

      ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path $PATH_TO_OSD --pgid $PG_ID --op fix-lost

      Example

      [root@osd ~]# ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0 --pgid 0.1c --op fix-lost

    3. To fix a lost object by its identifier:

      Syntax

      ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path $PATH_TO_OSD --op fix-lost $OBJECT_ID

      Example

      [root@osd ~]# ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0 --op fix-lost default.region

Additional Resources

8.3. Troubleshooting low-level object operations

As a storage administrator, you can use the ceph-objectstore-tool utility to perform low-level object operations. The ceph-objectstore-tool utility supports the following low-level object operations:

  • Manipulate the object’s content
  • Remove an object
  • List the object map (OMAP)
  • Manipulate the OMAP header
  • Manipulate the OMAP key
  • List the object’s attributes
  • Manipulate the object’s attribute key
Important

Manipulating objects can cause unrecoverable data loss. Contact Red Hat support before using the ceph-objectstore-tool utility.

8.3.1. Prerequisites

  • Having root access to the Ceph OSD nodes.

8.3.2. Manipulating the object’s content

With the ceph-objectstore-tool utility, you can get or set bytes on an object.

Important

Setting the bytes on an object can cause unrecoverable data loss. To prevent data loss, make a backup copy of the object.

Prerequisites

  • Having root access to the Ceph OSD node.
  • Stopping the ceph-osd daemon.

Procedure

  1. Verify the appropriate OSD is down:

    Syntax

    systemctl status ceph-osd@$OSD_NUMBER

    Example

    [root@osd ~]# systemctl status ceph-osd@1

  2. Find the object by listing the objects of the OSD or placement group (PG).
  3. Before setting the bytes on an object, make a backup and a working copy of the object:

    Syntax

    ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path $PATH_TO_OSD --pgid $PG_ID \
    $OBJECT \
    get-bytes > $OBJECT_FILE_NAME
    
    ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path $PATH_TO_OSD --pgid $PG_ID \
    $OBJECT \
    get-bytes > $OBJECT_FILE_NAME

    Example

    [root@osd ~]# ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0 --pgid 0.1c \
    '{"oid":"zone_info.default","key":"","snapid":-2,"hash":235010478,"max":0,"pool":11,"namespace":""}'  \
    get-bytes > zone_info.default.backup
    
    [root@osd ~]# ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0 --pgid 0.1c \
    '{"oid":"zone_info.default","key":"","snapid":-2,"hash":235010478,"max":0,"pool":11,"namespace":""}'  \
    get-bytes > zone_info.default.working-copy

  4. Edit the working copy object file and modify the object contents accordingly.
  5. Set the bytes of the object:

    Syntax

    ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path $PATH_TO_OSD --pgid $PG_ID \
    $OBJECT \
    set-bytes < $OBJECT_FILE_NAME

    Example

    [root@osd ~]# ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0 --pgid 0.1c \
    '{"oid":"zone_info.default","key":"","snapid":-2,"hash":235010478,"max":0,"pool":11,"namespace":""}' \
    set-bytes < zone_info.default.working-copy

Additional Resources

8.3.3. Removing an object

Use the ceph-objectstore-tool utility to remove an object. By removing an object, its contents and references are removed from the placement group (PG).

Important

You cannot recreate an object once it is removed.

Prerequisites

  • Having root access to the Ceph OSD node.
  • Stopping the ceph-osd daemon.

Procedure

  1. Remove an object:

    Syntax

    ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path $PATH_TO_OSD --pgid $PG_ID \
    $OBJECT \
    remove

    Example

    [root@osd ~]# ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0 --pgid 0.1c \
    '{"oid":"zone_info.default","key":"","snapid":-2,"hash":235010478,"max":0,"pool":11,"namespace":""}' \
    remove

Additional Resources

8.3.4. Listing the object map

Use the ceph-objectstore-tool utility to list the contents of the object map (OMAP). The output provides you a list of keys.

Prerequisites

  • Having root access to the Ceph OSD node.
  • Stopping the ceph-osd daemon.

Procedure

  1. Verify the appropriate OSD is down:

    Syntax

    systemctl status ceph-osd@$OSD_NUMBER

    Example

    [root@osd ~]# systemctl status ceph-osd@1

  2. List the object map:

    Syntax

    ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path $PATH_TO_OSD --pgid $PG_ID \
    $OBJECT \
    list-omap

    Example

    [root@osd ~]# ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0 --pgid 0.1c \
    '{"oid":"zone_info.default","key":"","snapid":-2,"hash":235010478,"max":0,"pool":11,"namespace":""}' \
    list-omap

Additional Resources

8.3.5. Manipulating the object map header

The ceph-objectstore-tool utility will output the object map (OMAP) header with the values associated with the object’s keys.

Note

If using FileStore as the OSD backend object store, then add the --journal-path $PATH_TO_JOURNAL argument when getting or setting the object map header. Where the $PATH_TO_JOURNAL variable is the absolute path to the OSD journal, for example /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0/journal.

Prerequisites

  • Having root access to the Ceph OSD node.
  • Stopping the ceph-osd daemon.

Procedure

  1. Verify the appropriate OSD is down:

    Syntax

    systemctl status ceph-osd@$OSD_NUMBER

    Example

    [root@osd ~]# systemctl status ceph-osd@1

    • Get the object map header:

      Syntax

      ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path $PATH_TO_OSD \
      --pgid $PG_ID $OBJECT \
      get-omaphdr > $OBJECT_MAP_FILE_NAME

      Example

      [root@osd ~]# ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0 \
      --pgid 0.1c '{"oid":"zone_info.default","key":"","snapid":-2,"hash":235010478,"max":0,"pool":11,"namespace":""}'  \
      get-omaphdr > zone_info.default.omaphdr.txt

    • Set the object map header:

      Syntax

      ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path $PATH_TO_OSD \
      --pgid $PG_ID $OBJECT \
      get-omaphdr < $OBJECT_MAP_FILE_NAME

      Example

      [root@osd ~]# ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0 \
      --pgid 0.1c '{"oid":"zone_info.default","key":"","snapid":-2,"hash":235010478,"max":0,"pool":11,"namespace":""}'  \
      set-omaphdr < zone_info.default.omaphdr.txt

Additional Resources

8.3.6. Manipulating the object map key

Use the ceph-objectstore-tool utility to change the object map (OMAP) key. You need to provide the data path, the placement group identifier (PG ID), the object, and the key in the OMAP.

Note

If using FileStore as the OSD backend object store, then add the --journal-path $PATH_TO_JOURNAL argument when getting, setting or removing the object map key. Where the $PATH_TO_JOURNAL variable is the absolute path to the OSD journal, for example /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0/journal.

Prerequisites

  • Having root access to the Ceph OSD node.
  • Stopping the ceph-osd daemon.

Procedure

  • Get the object map key:

    Syntax

    ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path $PATH_TO_OSD \
    --pgid $PG_ID $OBJECT \
    get-omap $KEY > $OBJECT_MAP_FILE_NAME

    Example

    [root@osd ~]# ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0 \
    --pgid 0.1c '{"oid":"zone_info.default","key":"","snapid":-2,"hash":235010478,"max":0,"pool":11,"namespace":""}'  \
    get-omap "" > zone_info.default.omap.txt

  • Set the object map key:

    Syntax

    ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path $PATH_TO_OSD \
    --pgid $PG_ID $OBJECT \
    set-omap $KEY < $OBJECT_MAP_FILE_NAME

    Example

    [root@osd ~]# ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0 \
    --pgid 0.1c '{"oid":"zone_info.default","key":"","snapid":-2,"hash":235010478,"max":0,"pool":11,"namespace":""}'  \
    set-omap "" < zone_info.default.omap.txt

  • Remove the object map key:

    Syntax

    ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path $PATH_TO_OSD \
    --pgid $PG_ID $OBJECT \
    rm-omap $KEY

    Example

    [root@osd ~]# ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0 \
    --pgid 0.1c '{"oid":"zone_info.default","key":"","snapid":-2,"hash":235010478,"max":0,"pool":11,"namespace":""}'  \
    rm-omap ""

Additional Resources

8.3.7. Listing the object’s attributes

Use the ceph-objectstore-tool utility to list an object’s attributes. The output provides you with the object’s keys and values.

Note

If using FileStore as the OSD backend object store, then add the --journal-path $PATH_TO_JOURNAL argument when listing an object’s attributes. Where the $PATH_TO_JOURNAL variable is the absolute path to the OSD journal, for example /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0/journal.

Prerequisites

  • Having root access to the Ceph OSD node.
  • Stopping the ceph-osd daemon.

Procedure

  1. Verify the appropriate OSD is down:

    Syntax

    systemctl status ceph-osd@$OSD_NUMBER

    Example

    [root@osd ~]# systemctl status ceph-osd@1

  2. List the object’s attributes:

    Syntax

    ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path $PATH_TO_OSD \
    --pgid $PG_ID $OBJECT \
    list-attrs

    Example

    [root@osd ~]# ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0 \
    --pgid 0.1c '{"oid":"zone_info.default","key":"","snapid":-2,"hash":235010478,"max":0,"pool":11,"namespace":""}' \
    list-attrs

Additional Resources

8.3.8. Manipulating the object attribute key

Use the ceph-objectstore-tool utility to change an object’s attributes. To manipulate the object’s attributes you need the data and journal paths, the placement group identifier (PG ID), the object, and the key in the object’s attribute.

Note

If using FileStore as the OSD backend object store, then add the --journal-path $PATH_TO_JOURNAL argument when getting, setting or removing the object’s attributes. Where the $PATH_TO_JOURNAL variable is the absolute path to the OSD journal, for example /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0/journal.

Prerequisites

  • Having root access to the Ceph OSD node.
  • Stopping the ceph-osd daemon.

Procedure

  1. Verify the appropriate OSD is down:

    Syntax

    systemctl status ceph-osd@$OSD_NUMBER

    Example

    [root@osd ~]# systemctl status ceph-osd@1

    • Get the object’s attributes:

      Syntax

      ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path $PATH_TO_OSD \
      --pgid $PG_ID $OBJECT \
      get-attrs $KEY > $OBJECT_ATTRS_FILE_NAME

      Example

      [root@osd ~]# ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0 \
      --pgid 0.1c '{"oid":"zone_info.default","key":"","snapid":-2,"hash":235010478,"max":0,"pool":11,"namespace":""}' \
      get-attrs "oid" > zone_info.default.attr.txt

    • Set an object’s attributes:

      Syntax

      ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path $PATH_TO_OSD \
      --pgid $PG_ID $OBJECT \
      set-attrs $KEY < $OBJECT_ATTRS_FILE_NAME

      Example

      [root@osd ~]# ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0 \
      --pgid 0.1c '{"oid":"zone_info.default","key":"","snapid":-2,"hash":235010478,"max":0,"pool":11,"namespace":""}' \
      set-attrs "oid" < zone_info.default.attr.txt

    • Remove an object’s attributes:

      Syntax

      ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path $PATH_TO_OSD \
      --pgid $PG_ID $OBJECT \
      rm-attrs $KEY

      Example

      [root@osd ~]# ceph-objectstore-tool --data-path /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0 \
      --pgid 0.1c '{"oid":"zone_info.default","key":"","snapid":-2,"hash":235010478,"max":0,"pool":11,"namespace":""}' \
      rm-attrs "oid"

Additional Resources

8.4. Additional Resources

Chapter 9. Contacting Red Hat Support Service

If the information in this guide did not help you to solve the problem, this chapter explains how you contact the Red Hat Support Service.

9.1. Providing Information to Red Hat Support Engineers

If you are unable to fix problems related to Red Hat Ceph Storage by yourself, contact the Red Hat Support Service and provide sufficient amount of information that helps the support engineers to faster troubleshoot the problem you encounter.

Procedure: Providing Information to Red Hat Support Engineers

  1. Open a support ticket on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
  2. Ideally, attach an sosreport to the ticket. See the What is a sosreport and how to create one in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.6 and later? solution for details.
  3. If the Ceph daemons failed with a segmentation fault, consider generating a human-readable core dump file. See Section 9.2, “Generating readable core dump files” for details.

9.2. Generating readable core dump files

When a Ceph daemon terminates unexpectedly with a segmentation fault, gather the information about its failure and provide it to the Red Hat Support Engineers.

Such information speeds up the initial investigation. Also, the Support Engineers can compare the information from the core dump files with {storage-product} cluster known issues.

9.2.1. Prerequisites

  1. Install the ceph-debuginfo package if it is not installed already.

    1. Enable the repository containing the ceph-debuginfo package:

      subscription-manager repos --enable=rhel-7-server-rhceph-3-DAEMON-debug-rpms

      Replace DAEMON with osd or mon depending on the type of the node.

    2. Install the ceph-debuginfo package:

      [root@mon ~]# yum install ceph-debuginfo
  2. Ensure that the gdb package is installed and if it is not, install it:

    [root@mon ~]# yum install gdb

Continue with the procedure based on the type of your deployment:

9.2.2. Generating readable core dump files on bare-metal deployments

Follow this procedure to generate a core dump file if you use Red Hat Ceph Storage on bare-metal.

Procedure

  1. Enable generating core dump files for Ceph.

    1. Set the proper ulimits for the core dump files by adding the following parameter to the /etc/systemd/system.conf file:

      DefaultLimitCORE=infinity
    2. Comment out the PrivateTmp=true parameter in the Ceph daemon service file, by default located at /lib/systemd/system/CLUSTER_NAME-DAEMON@.service:

      [root@mon ~]# PrivateTmp=true
    3. Set the suid_dumpable flag to 2 to allow the Ceph daemons to generate dump core files:

      [root@mon ~]# sysctl fs.suid_dumpable=2
    4. Adjust the core dump files location:

      [root@mon ~]# sysctl kernel.core_pattern=/tmp/core
    5. Reload the systemd service for the changes to take effect:

      [root@mon ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
    6. Restart the Ceph daemon for the changes to take effect:

      [root@mon ~]# systemctl restart ceph-DAEMON@ID

      Specify the daemon type (osd or mon) and its ID (numbers for OSDs, or short host names for Monitors) for example:

      [root@mon ~]# systemctl restart ceph-osd@1
  2. Reproduce the failure, for example try to start the daemon again.
  3. Use the GNU Debugger (GDB) to generate a readable backtrace from an application core dump file:

    gdb /usr/bin/ceph-DAEMON /tmp/core.PID

    Specify the daemon type and the PID of the failed process, for example:

    $ gdb /usr/bin/ceph-osd /tmp/core.123456

    In the GDB command prompt disable paging and enable logging to a file by entering the commands set pag off and set log on:

    (gdb) set pag off
    (gdb) set log on

    Apply the backtrace command to all threads of the process by entering thr a a bt full:

    (gdb) thr a a bt full

    After the backtrace is generated turn off logging by entering set log off:

    (gdb) set log off
  4. Transfer the log file gdb.txt to the system you access the Red Hat Customer Portal from and attach it to a support ticket.

9.2.3. Generating readable core dump files in containerized deployments

Follow this procedure to generate a core dump file if you use {storage-product} in containers. The procedure involves two scenarios of capturing the core dump file:

  • When a Ceph process terminates unexpectedly due to the SIGILL, SIGTRAP, SIGABRT, or SIGSEGV error.

or

  • Manually, for example for debugging issues such as Ceph processes are consuming high CPU cycles, or are not responding.

Prerequisites

  • Root-level access to the container node running the Ceph containers.
  • Installation of the appropriate debugging packages.
  • Installation of the GNU Project Debugger (gdb) package.

Procedure

  1. If a Ceph process terminates unexpectedly due to the SIGILL, SIGTRAP, SIGABRT, or SIGSEGV error:

    1. Set the core pattern to the systemd-coredump service on the node where the container with the failed Ceph process is running, for example:

      [root@mon]# echo "| /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-coredump %P %u %g %s %t %e" > /proc/sys/kernel/core_pattern
    2. Watch for the next container failure due to a Ceph process and search for a core dump file in the /var/lib/systemd/coredump/ directory, for example:

      [root@mon]# ls -ltr /var/lib/systemd/coredump
      total 8232
      -rw-r-----. 1 root root 8427548 Jan 22 19:24 core.ceph-osd.167.5ede29340b6c4fe4845147f847514c12.15622.1584573794000000.xz
  2. To manually capture a core dump file for the Ceph Monitors and Ceph Managers:

    1. Get the ceph-mon package details of the Ceph daemon from the container:

      [root@mon]# docker exec -it NAME /bin/bash
      [root@mon]# rpm -qa | grep ceph

      Replace NAME with the name of the Ceph container.

    2. Make a backup copy and open for editing the ceph-mon@.service file:

      [root@mon]# cp /etc/systemd/system/ceph-mon@.service /etc/systemd/system/ceph-mon@.service.orig
    3. In the ceph-mon@.service file, add these three options to the [Service] section, each on a separate line:

      --pid=host \
      --ipc=host \
      --cap-add=SYS_PTRACE \

      Example

      [Unit]
      Description=Ceph Monitor
      After=docker.service
      
      [Service]
      EnvironmentFile=-/etc/environment
      ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/docker rm ceph-mon-%i
      ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c '"$(command -v mkdir)" -p /etc/ceph /var/lib/ceph/mon'
      ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker run --rm --name ceph-mon-%i \
        --memory=924m \
      --cpu-quota=100000 \
      -v /var/lib/ceph:/var/lib/ceph:z \
        -v /etc/ceph:/etc/ceph:z \
        -v /var/run/ceph:/var/run/ceph:z \
      -v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro \
      --net=host \
      --privileged=true \
      --ipc=host \ 1
      --pid=host \ 2
      --cap-add=SYS_PTRACE \ 3
      -e IP_VERSION=4 \
              -e MON_IP=10.74.131.17 \
            -e CLUSTER=ceph \
        -e FSID=9448efca-b1a1-45a3-bf7b-b55cba696a6e \
        -e CEPH_PUBLIC_NETWORK=10.74.131.0/24 \
        -e CEPH_DAEMON=MON \
         \
        registry.access.redhat.com/rhceph/rhceph-3-rhel7:latest
      ExecStop=-/usr/bin/docker stop ceph-mon-%i
      ExecStopPost=-/bin/rm -f /var/run/ceph/ceph-mon.pd-cephcontainer-mon01.asok
      Restart=always
      RestartSec=10s
      TimeoutStartSec=120
      TimeoutStopSec=15
      
      [Install]
      WantedBy=multi-user.target

    4. Restart the Ceph Monitor daemon:

      Syntax

      systemctl restart ceph-mon@MONITOR_ID

      Replace MONITOR_ID with the ID number of the Ceph Monitor.

      Example

      [root@mon]# systemctl restart ceph-mon@1

    5. Install the gdb package inside the Ceph Monitor container:

      [root@mon]# docker exec -it ceph-mon-MONITOR_ID /bin/bash
      sh $ yum install gdb

      Replace MONITOR_ID with the ID number of the Ceph Monitor.

    6. Find the process ID:

      Syntax

      ps -aef | grep PROCESS | grep -v run

      Replace PROCESS with the name of failed process, for example ceph-mon.

      Example

      [root@mon]# ps -aef | grep ceph-mon | grep -v run
      ceph       15390   15266  0 18:54 ?        00:00:29 /usr/bin/ceph-mon --cluster ceph --setroot ceph --setgroup ceph -d -i 5
      ceph       18110   17985  1 19:40 ?        00:00:08 /usr/bin/ceph-mon --cluster ceph --setroot ceph --setgroup ceph -d -i 2

    7. Generate the core dump file:

      Syntax

      gcore ID

      Replace ID with the ID of the failed process that you got from the previous step, for example 18110:

      Example

      [root@mon]# gcore 18110
      warning: target file /proc/18110/cmdline contained unexpected null characters
      Saved corefile core.18110

    8. Verify that the core dump file has been generated correctly.

      Example

      [root@mon]# ls -ltr
      total 709772
      -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 726799544 Mar 18 19:46 core.18110

    9. Copy the core dump file outside of the Ceph Monitor container:

      [root@mon]# docker cp ceph-mon-MONITOR_ID:/tmp/mon.core.MONITOR_PID /tmp

      Replace MONITOR_ID with the ID number of the Ceph Monitor and replace MONITOR_PID with the process ID number.

    10. Restore the backup copy of the ceph-mon@.service file:

      [root@mon]# cp /etc/systemd/system/ceph-mon@.service.orig /etc/systemd/system/ceph-mon@.service
    11. Restart the Ceph Monitor daemon:

      Syntax

      systemctl restart ceph-mon@MONITOR_ID

      Replace MONITOR_ID with the ID number of the Ceph Monitor.

      Example

      [root@mon]# systemctl restart ceph-mon@1

    12. Upload the core dump file for analysis by Red Hat support, see step 4.
  3. To manually capture a core dump file for Ceph OSDs:

    1. Get the ceph-osd package details of the Ceph daemon from the container:

      [root@osd]# docker exec -it NAME /bin/bash
      [root@osd]# rpm -qa | grep ceph

      Replace NAME with the name of the Ceph container.

    2. Install the Ceph package for the same version of the ceph-osd package on the node where the Ceph containers are running:

      [root@osd]# yum install ceph-osd

      If needed, enable the appropriate repository first. See the Enabling the Red Hat Ceph Storage repositories section in the Installation Guide for details.

    3. Find the ID of the process that has failed:

      ps -aef | grep PROCESS | grep -v run

      Replace PROCESS with the name of failed process, for example ceph-osd.

      [root@osd]# ps -aef | grep ceph-osd | grep -v run
      ceph       15390   15266  0 18:54 ?        00:00:29 /usr/bin/ceph-osd --cluster ceph --setroot ceph --setgroup ceph -d -i 5
      ceph       18110   17985  1 19:40 ?        00:00:08 /usr/bin/ceph-osd --cluster ceph --setroot ceph --setgroup ceph -d -i 2
    4. Generate the core dump file:

      gcore ID

      Replace ID with the ID of the failed process that you got from the previous step, for example 18110:

      [root@osd]# gcore 18110
      warning: target file /proc/18110/cmdline contained unexpected null characters
      Saved corefile core.18110
    5. Verify that the core dump file has been generated correctly.

      [root@osd]# ls -ltr
      total 709772
      -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 726799544 Mar 18 19:46 core.18110
    6. Upload the core dump file for analysis by Red Hat support, see the next step.
  4. Upload the core dump file for analysis to a Red Hat support case. See Providing information to Red Hat Support engineers for details.

9.2.4. Additional Resources

Appendix A. Subsystems Default Logging Levels Values

SubsystemLog LevelMemory Level

asok

1

5

auth

1

5

buffer

0

0

client

0

5

context

0

5

crush

1

5

default

0

5

filer

0

5

filestore

1

5

finisher

1

5

heartbeatmap

1

5

javaclient

1

5

journaler

0

5

journal

1

5

lockdep

0

5

mds balancer

1

5

mds locker

1

5

mds log expire

1

5

mds log

1

5

mds migrator

1

5

mds

1

5

monc

0

5

mon

1

5

ms

0

5

objclass

0

5

objectcacher

0

5

objecter

0

0

optracker

0

5

osd

0

5

paxos

0

5

perfcounter

1

5

rados

0

5

rbd

0

5

rgw

1

5

throttle

1

5

timer

0

5

tp

0

5

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