Installing on GCP

OpenShift Container Platform 4.3

Installing OpenShift Container Platform 4.3 GCP clusters

Red Hat OpenShift Documentation Team

Abstract

This document provides instructions for installing and uninstalling OpenShift Container Platform 4.3 clusters on Google Cloud Platform.

Chapter 1. Installing on GCP

1.1. Configuring a GCP project

Before you can install OpenShift Container Platform, you must configure a Google Cloud Platform (GCP) project to host it.

1.1.1. Creating a GCP project

To install OpenShift Container Platform, you must create a project in your Google Cloud Platform (GCP) account to host the cluster.

Procedure

1.1.2. Enabling API services in GCP

Your Google Cloud Platform (GCP) project requires access to several API services to complete OpenShift Container Platform installation.

Prerequisites

  • You created a project to host your cluster.

Procedure

  • Enable the following required API services in the project that hosts your cluster. See Enabling services in the GCP documentation.

    Table 1.1. Required API services

    API serviceConsole service name

    Compute Engine API

    compute.googleapis.com

    Google Cloud APIs

    cloudapis.googleapis.com

    Cloud Resource Manager API

    cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com

    Google DNS API

    dns.googleapis.com

    IAM Service Account Credentials API

    iamcredentials.googleapis.com

    Identity and Access Management (IAM) API

    iam.googleapis.com

    Service Management API

    servicemanagement.googleapis.com

    Service Usage API

    serviceusage.googleapis.com

    Google Cloud Storage JSON API

    storage-api.googleapis.com

    Cloud Storage

    storage-component.googleapis.com

1.1.3. Configuring DNS for GCP

To install OpenShift Container Platform, the Google Cloud Platform (GCP) account you use must have a dedicated public hosted zone in the same project that you host the OpenShift Container Platform cluster. This zone must be authoritative for the domain. The DNS service provides cluster DNS resolution and name lookup for external connections to the cluster.

Procedure

  1. Identify your domain, or subdomain, and registrar. You can transfer an existing domain and registrar or obtain a new one through GCP or another source.

    Note

    If you purchase a new domain, it can take time for the relevant DNS changes to propagate. For more information about purchasing domains through Google, see Google Domains.

  2. Create a public hosted zone for your domain or subdomain in your GCP project. See Creating public zones in the GCP documentation.

    Use an appropriate root domain, such as openshiftcorp.com, or subdomain, such as clusters.openshiftcorp.com.

  3. Extract the new authoritative name servers from the hosted zone records. See Look up your Cloud DNS name servers in the GCP documentation.

    You typically have four name servers.

  4. Update the registrar records for the name servers that your domain uses. For example, if you registered your domain to Google Domains, see the following topic in the Google Domains Help: How to switch to custom name servers.
  5. If you migrated your root domain to Google Cloud DNS, migrate your DNS records. See Migrating to Cloud DNS in the GCP documentation.
  6. If you use a subdomain, follow your company’s procedures to add its delegation records to the parent domain. This process might include a request to your company’s IT department or the division that controls the root domain and DNS services for your company.

1.1.4. GCP account limits

The OpenShift Container Platform cluster uses a number of Google Cloud Platform (GCP) components, but the default Quotas do not affect your ability to install a default OpenShift Container Platform cluster.

A default cluster, which contains three compute and three control plane machines, uses the following resources. Note that some resources are required only during the bootstrap process and are removed after the cluster deploys.

Table 1.2. GCP resources used in a default cluster

ServiceComponentLocationTotal resources requiredResources removed after bootstrap

Service account

IAM

Global

5

0

Firewall Rules

Compute

Global

11

1

Forwarding Rules

Compute

Global

2

0

In-use global IP addresses

Compute

Global

4

1

Health checks

Compute

Global

3

0

Images

Compute

Global

1

0

Networks

Compute

Global

2

0

Static IP addresses

Compute

Region

4

1

Routers

Compute

Global

1

0

Routes

Compute

Global

2

0

Subnetworks

Compute

Global

2

0

Target Pools

Compute

Global

3

0

CPUs

Compute

Region

28

4

Persistent Disk SSD (GB)

Compute

Region

896

128

Note

If any of the quotas are insufficient during installation, the installation program displays an error that states both which quota was exceeded and the region.

Be sure to consider your actual cluster size, planned cluster growth, and any usage from other clusters that are associated with your account. The CPU, Static IP addresses, and Persistent Disk SSD (Storage) quotas are the ones that are most likely to be insufficient.

If you plan to deploy your cluster in one of the following regions, you will exceed the maximum storage quota and are likely to exceed the CPU quota limit:

  • asia-east2
  • asia-northeast2
  • asia-south1
  • australia-southeast1
  • europe-north1
  • europe-west2
  • europe-west3
  • europe-west6
  • northamerica-northeast1
  • southamerica-east1
  • us-west2

You can increase resource quotas from the GCP console, but you might need to file a support ticket. Be sure to plan your cluster size early so that you can allow time to resolve the support ticket before you install your OpenShift Container Platform cluster.

1.1.5. Creating a service account in GCP

OpenShift Container Platform requires a Google Cloud Platform (GCP) service account that provides authentication and authorization to access data in the Google APIs. If you do not have an existing IAM service account that contains the required roles in your project, you must create one.

Prerequisites

  • You created a project to host your cluster.

Procedure

  1. Create a service account in the project that you use to host your OpenShift Container Platform cluster. See Creating a service account in the GCP documentation.
  2. Grant the service account the appropriate permissions. You can either grant the individual permissions that follow or assign the Owner role to it. See Granting roles to a service account for specific resources.

    Note

    While making the service account an Owner of the project is the easiest way to gain the required permissions, it means that that service account has complete control over the project. You must determine if the risk that comes from offering that power is acceptable.

  3. Create the service account key in JSON format. See Creating service account keys in the GCP documentation.

    The service account key is required to create a cluster.

1.1.5.1. Required GCP permissions

When you attach the Owner role to the service account that you create, you grant that service account all permissions, including those that are required to install OpenShift Container Platform. To deploy an OpenShift Container Platform cluster, the service account requires the following permissions. If you deploy your cluster into an existing VPC, the service account does not require certain networking permissions, which are noted in the following lists:

Required roles for the installation program

  • Compute Admin
  • Security Admin
  • Service Account Admin
  • Service Account User
  • Storage Admin

Required roles for creating network resources during installation

  • DNS Administrator

Optional roles

For the cluster to create new limited credentials for its Operators, add the following role:

  • Service Account Key Admin

The roles are applied to the service accounts that the control plane and compute machines use:

Table 1.3. GCP service account permissions

AccountRoles

Control Plane

roles/compute.instanceAdmin

roles/compute.networkAdmin

roles/compute.securityAdmin

roles/storage.admin

roles/iam.serviceAccountUser

Compute

roles/compute.viewer

roles/storage.admin

1.1.6. Supported GCP regions

You can deploy an OpenShift Container Platform cluster to the following Google Cloud Platform (GCP) regions:

  • asia-east1 (Changhua County, Taiwan)
  • asia-east2 (Hong Kong)
  • asia-northeast1 (Tokyo, Japan)
  • asia-northeast2 (Osaka, Japan)
  • asia-south1 (Mumbai, India)
  • asia-southeast1 (Jurong West, Singapore)
  • australia-southeast1 (Sydney, Australia)
  • europe-north1 (Hamina, Finland)
  • europe-west1 (St. Ghislain, Belgium)
  • europe-west2 (London, England, UK)
  • europe-west3 (Frankfurt, Germany)
  • europe-west4 (Eemshaven, Netherlands)
  • europe-west6 (Zürich, Switzerland)
  • northamerica-northeast1 (Montréal, Québec, Canada)
  • southamerica-east1 (São Paulo, Brazil)
  • us-central1 (Council Bluffs, Iowa, USA)
  • us-east1 (Moncks Corner, South Carolina, USA)
  • us-east4 (Ashburn, Northern Virginia, USA)
  • us-west1 (The Dalles, Oregon, USA)
  • us-west2 (Los Angeles, California, USA)

1.1.7. Next steps

1.2. Installing a cluster quickly on GCP

In OpenShift Container Platform version 4.3, you can install a cluster on Google Cloud Platform (GCP) that uses the default configuration options.

1.2.1. Prerequisites

1.2.2. Internet and Telemetry access for OpenShift Container Platform

In OpenShift Container Platform 4.3, you require access to the internet to install your cluster. The Telemetry service, which runs by default to provide metrics about cluster health and the success of updates, also requires internet access. If your cluster is connected to the internet, Telemetry runs automatically, and your cluster is registered to the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager (OCM).

Once you confirm that your Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager inventory is correct, either maintained automatically by Telemetry or manually using OCM, use subscription watch to track your OpenShift Container Platform subscriptions at the account or multi-cluster level.

You must have internet access to:

  • Access the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager page to download the installation program and perform subscription management. If the cluster has internet access and you do not disable Telemetry, that service automatically entitles your cluster.
  • Access Quay.io to obtain the packages that are required to install your cluster.
  • Obtain the packages that are required to perform cluster updates.
Important

If your cluster cannot have direct internet access, you can perform a restricted network installation on some types of infrastructure that you provision. During that process, you download the content that is required and use it to populate a mirror registry with the packages that you need to install a cluster and generate the installation program. With some installation types, the environment that you install your cluster in will not require internet access. Before you update the cluster, you update the content of the mirror registry.

1.2.3. Generating an SSH private key and adding it to the agent

If you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery on your cluster, you must provide an SSH key to both your ssh-agent and to the installation program.

Note

In a production environment, you require disaster recovery and debugging.

You can use this key to SSH into the master nodes as the user core. When you deploy the cluster, the key is added to the core user’s ~/.ssh/authorized_keys list.

Note

You must use a local key, not one that you configured with platform-specific approaches such as AWS key pairs.

Procedure

  1. If you do not have an SSH key that is configured for password-less authentication on your computer, create one. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:

    $ ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -N '' \
        -f <path>/<file_name> 1
    1
    Specify the path and file name, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa, of the SSH key. Do not specify an existing SSH key, as it will be overwritten.

    Running this command generates an SSH key that does not require a password in the location that you specified.

  2. Start the ssh-agent process as a background task:

    $ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
    
    Agent pid 31874
  3. Add your SSH private key to the ssh-agent:

    $ ssh-add <path>/<file_name> 1
    
    Identity added: /home/<you>/<path>/<file_name> (<computer_name>)
    1
    Specify the path and file name for your SSH private key, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa

Next steps

  • When you install OpenShift Container Platform, provide the SSH public key to the installation program.

1.2.4. Obtaining the installation program

Before you install OpenShift Container Platform, download the installation file on a local computer.

Prerequisites

  • You must install the cluster from a computer that uses Linux or macOS.
  • You need 500 MB of local disk space to download the installation program.

Procedure

  1. Access the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site. If you have a Red Hat account, log in with your credentials. If you do not, create an account.
  2. Navigate to the page for your installation type, download the installation program for your operating system, and place the file in the directory where you will store the installation configuration files.

    Important

    The installation program creates several files on the computer that you use to install your cluster. You must keep both the installation program and the files that the installation program creates after you finish installing the cluster.

    Important

    Deleting the files created by the installation program does not remove your cluster, even if the cluster failed during installation. You must complete the OpenShift Container Platform uninstallation procedures outlined for your specific cloud provider to remove your cluster entirely.

  3. Extract the installation program. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:

    $ tar xvf <installation_program>.tar.gz
  4. From the Pull Secret page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site, download your installation pull secret as a .txt file. This pull secret allows you to authenticate with the services that are provided by the included authorities, including Quay.io, which serves the container images for OpenShift Container Platform components.

1.2.5. Deploy the cluster

You can install OpenShift Container Platform on a compatible cloud platform.

Important

You can run the create cluster command of the installation program only once, during initial installation.

Prerequisites

  • Configure an account with the cloud platform that hosts your cluster.
  • Obtain the OpenShift Container Platform installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.

Procedure

  1. Remove any existing GCP credentials that do not use the service account key for the GCP account that you configured for your cluster and that are stored in the following locations:

    • The GOOGLE_CREDENTIALS, GOOGLE_CLOUD_KEYFILE_JSON, or GCLOUD_KEYFILE_JSON environment variables
    • The ~/.gcp/osServiceAccount.json file
    • The gcloud cli default credentials
  2. Run the installation program:

    $ ./openshift-install create cluster --dir=<installation_directory> \ 1
        --log-level=info 2
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the directory name to store the files that the installation program creates.
    2
    To view different installation details, specify warn, debug, or error instead of info.
    Important

    Specify an empty directory. Some installation assets, like bootstrap X.509 certificates have short expiration intervals, so you must not reuse an installation directory. If you want to reuse individual files from another cluster installation, you can copy them into your directory. However, the file names for the installation assets might change between releases. Use caution when copying installation files from an earlier OpenShift Container Platform version.

    Provide values at the prompts:

    1. Optional: Select an SSH key to use to access your cluster machines.

      Note

      For production OpenShift Container Platform clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery on, specify an SSH key that your ssh-agent process uses.

    2. Select gcp as the platform to target.
    3. If you have not configured the service account key for your GCP account on your computer, you must obtain it from GCP and paste the contents of the file or enter the absolute path to the file.
    4. Select the project ID to provision the cluster in. The default value is specified by the service account that you configured.
    5. Select the region to deploy the cluster to.
    6. Select the base domain to deploy the cluster to. The base domain corresponds to the public DNS zone that you created for your cluster.
    7. Enter a descriptive name for your cluster. If you provide a name that is longer than 6 characters, only the first 6 characters will be used in the infrastructure ID that is generated from the cluster name.
    8. Paste the pull secret that you obtained from the Pull Secret page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
    Note

    If the cloud provider account that you configured on your host does not have sufficient permissions to deploy the cluster, the installation process stops, and the missing permissions are displayed.

    When the cluster deployment completes, directions for accessing your cluster, including a link to its web console and credentials for the kubeadmin user, display in your terminal.

    Important

    The Ignition config files that the installation program generates contain certificates that expire after 24 hours. You must keep the cluster running for 24 hours in a non-degraded state to ensure that the first certificate rotation has finished.

    Important

    You must not delete the installation program or the files that the installation program creates. Both are required to delete the cluster.

  3. Optional: You can reduce the number of permissions for the service account that you used to install the cluster.

    • If you assigned the Owner role to your service account, you can remove that role and replace it with the Viewer role.
    • If you included the Service Account Key Admin role, you can remove it.

1.2.6. Installing the CLI by downloading the binary

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) in order to interact with OpenShift Container Platform from a command-line interface. You can install oc on Linux, Windows, or macOS.

Important

If you installed an earlier version of oc, you cannot use it to complete all of the commands in OpenShift Container Platform 4.3. Download and install the new version of oc.

1.2.6.1. Installing the CLI on Linux

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary on Linux by using the following procedure.

Procedure

  1. Navigate to the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Select your infrastructure provider, and, if applicable, your installation type.
  3. In the Command-line interface section, select Linux from the drop-down menu and click Download command-line tools.
  4. Unpack the archive:

    $ tar xvzf <file>
  5. Place the oc binary in a directory that is on your PATH.

    To check your PATH, execute the following command:

    $ echo $PATH

After you install the CLI, it is available using the oc command:

$ oc <command>

1.2.6.2. Installing the CLI on Windows

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary on Windows by using the following procedure.

Procedure

  1. Navigate to the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Select your infrastructure provider, and, if applicable, your installation type.
  3. In the Command-line interface section, select Windows from the drop-down menu and click Download command-line tools.
  4. Unzip the archive with a ZIP program.
  5. Move the oc binary to a directory that is on your PATH.

    To check your PATH, open the command prompt and execute the following command:

    C:\> path

After you install the CLI, it is available using the oc command:

C:\> oc <command>

1.2.6.3. Installing the CLI on macOS

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary on macOS by using the following procedure.

Procedure

  1. Navigate to the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Select your infrastructure provider, and, if applicable, your installation type.
  3. In the Command-line interface section, select MacOS from the drop-down menu and click Download command-line tools.
  4. Unpack and unzip the archive.
  5. Move the oc binary to a directory on your PATH.

    To check your PATH, open a terminal and execute the following command:

    $ echo $PATH

After you install the CLI, it is available using the oc command:

$ oc <command>

1.2.7. Logging in to the cluster

You can log in to your cluster as a default system user by exporting the cluster kubeconfig file. The kubeconfig file contains information about the cluster that is used by the CLI to connect a client to the correct cluster and API server. The file is specific to a cluster and is created during OpenShift Container Platform installation.

Prerequisites

  • Deploy an OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
  • Install the oc CLI.

Procedure

  1. Export the kubeadmin credentials:

    $ export KUBECONFIG=<installation_directory>/auth/kubeconfig 1
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.
  2. Verify you can run oc commands successfully using the exported configuration:

    $ oc whoami
    system:admin

1.2.8. Next steps

1.3. Installing a cluster on GCP with customizations

In OpenShift Container Platform version 4.3, you can install a customized cluster on infrastructure that the installation program provisions on Google Cloud Platform (GCP). To customize the installation, you modify parameters in the install-config.yaml file before you install the cluster.

1.3.1. Prerequisites

1.3.2. Internet and Telemetry access for OpenShift Container Platform

In OpenShift Container Platform 4.3, you require access to the internet to install your cluster. The Telemetry service, which runs by default to provide metrics about cluster health and the success of updates, also requires internet access. If your cluster is connected to the internet, Telemetry runs automatically, and your cluster is registered to the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager (OCM).

Once you confirm that your Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager inventory is correct, either maintained automatically by Telemetry or manually using OCM, use subscription watch to track your OpenShift Container Platform subscriptions at the account or multi-cluster level.

You must have internet access to:

  • Access the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager page to download the installation program and perform subscription management. If the cluster has internet access and you do not disable Telemetry, that service automatically entitles your cluster.
  • Access Quay.io to obtain the packages that are required to install your cluster.
  • Obtain the packages that are required to perform cluster updates.
Important

If your cluster cannot have direct internet access, you can perform a restricted network installation on some types of infrastructure that you provision. During that process, you download the content that is required and use it to populate a mirror registry with the packages that you need to install a cluster and generate the installation program. With some installation types, the environment that you install your cluster in will not require internet access. Before you update the cluster, you update the content of the mirror registry.

1.3.3. Generating an SSH private key and adding it to the agent

If you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery on your cluster, you must provide an SSH key to both your ssh-agent and to the installation program.

Note

In a production environment, you require disaster recovery and debugging.

You can use this key to SSH into the master nodes as the user core. When you deploy the cluster, the key is added to the core user’s ~/.ssh/authorized_keys list.

Note

You must use a local key, not one that you configured with platform-specific approaches such as AWS key pairs.

Procedure

  1. If you do not have an SSH key that is configured for password-less authentication on your computer, create one. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:

    $ ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -N '' \
        -f <path>/<file_name> 1
    1
    Specify the path and file name, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa, of the SSH key. Do not specify an existing SSH key, as it will be overwritten.

    Running this command generates an SSH key that does not require a password in the location that you specified.

  2. Start the ssh-agent process as a background task:

    $ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
    
    Agent pid 31874
  3. Add your SSH private key to the ssh-agent:

    $ ssh-add <path>/<file_name> 1
    
    Identity added: /home/<you>/<path>/<file_name> (<computer_name>)
    1
    Specify the path and file name for your SSH private key, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa

Next steps

  • When you install OpenShift Container Platform, provide the SSH public key to the installation program.

1.3.4. Obtaining the installation program

Before you install OpenShift Container Platform, download the installation file on a local computer.

Prerequisites

  • You must install the cluster from a computer that uses Linux or macOS.
  • You need 500 MB of local disk space to download the installation program.

Procedure

  1. Access the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site. If you have a Red Hat account, log in with your credentials. If you do not, create an account.
  2. Navigate to the page for your installation type, download the installation program for your operating system, and place the file in the directory where you will store the installation configuration files.

    Important

    The installation program creates several files on the computer that you use to install your cluster. You must keep both the installation program and the files that the installation program creates after you finish installing the cluster.

    Important

    Deleting the files created by the installation program does not remove your cluster, even if the cluster failed during installation. You must complete the OpenShift Container Platform uninstallation procedures outlined for your specific cloud provider to remove your cluster entirely.

  3. Extract the installation program. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:

    $ tar xvf <installation_program>.tar.gz
  4. From the Pull Secret page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site, download your installation pull secret as a .txt file. This pull secret allows you to authenticate with the services that are provided by the included authorities, including Quay.io, which serves the container images for OpenShift Container Platform components.

1.3.5. Creating the installation configuration file

You can customize your installation of OpenShift Container Platform on Google Cloud Platform (GCP).

Prerequisites

  • Obtain the OpenShift Container Platform installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.

Procedure

  1. Create the install-config.yaml file.

    1. Run the following command:

      $ ./openshift-install create install-config --dir=<installation_directory> 1
      1
      For <installation_directory>, specify the directory name to store the files that the installation program creates.
      Important

      Specify an empty directory. Some installation assets, like bootstrap X.509 certificates have short expiration intervals, so you must not reuse an installation directory. If you want to reuse individual files from another cluster installation, you can copy them into your directory. However, the file names for the installation assets might change between releases. Use caution when copying installation files from an earlier OpenShift Container Platform version.

    2. At the prompts, provide the configuration details for your cloud:

      1. Optional: Select an SSH key to use to access your cluster machines.

        Note

        For production OpenShift Container Platform clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery on, specify an SSH key that your ssh-agent process uses.

      2. Select gcp as the platform to target.
      3. If you have not configured the service account key for your GCP account on your computer, you must obtain it from GCP and paste the contents of the file or enter the absolute path to the file.
      4. Select the project ID to provision the cluster in. The default value is specified by the service account that you configured.
      5. Select the region to deploy the cluster to.
      6. Select the base domain to deploy the cluster to. The base domain corresponds to the public DNS zone that you created for your cluster.
      7. Enter a descriptive name for your cluster. If you provide a name that is longer than 6 characters, only the first 6 characters will be used in the infrastructure ID that is generated from the cluster name.
      8. Paste the pull secret that you obtained from the Pull Secret page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Modify the install-config.yaml file. You can find more information about the available parameters in the Installation configuration parameters section.
  3. Back up the install-config.yaml file so that you can use it to install multiple clusters.

    Important

    The install-config.yaml file is consumed during the installation process. If you want to reuse the file, you must back it up now.

1.3.5.1. Installation configuration parameters

Before you deploy an OpenShift Container Platform cluster, you provide parameter values to describe your account on the cloud platform that hosts your cluster and optionally customize your cluster’s platform. When you create the install-config.yaml installation configuration file, you provide values for the required parameters through the command line. If you customize your cluster, you can modify the install-config.yaml file to provide more details about the platform.

Note

You cannot modify these parameters in the install-config.yaml file after installation.

Table 1.4. Required parameters

ParameterDescriptionValues

baseDomain

The base domain of your cloud provider. This value is used to create routes to your OpenShift Container Platform cluster components. The full DNS name for your cluster is a combination of the baseDomain and metadata.name parameter values that uses the <metadata.name>.<baseDomain> format.

A fully-qualified domain or subdomain name, such as example.com.

controlPlane.platform

The cloud provider to host the control plane machines. This parameter value must match the compute.platform parameter value.

aws, azure, gcp, openstack, or {}

compute.platform

The cloud provider to host the worker machines. This parameter value must match the controlPlane.platform parameter value.

aws, azure, gcp, openstack, or {}

metadata.name

The name of your cluster.

A string that contains uppercase or lowercase letters, such as dev.

platform.<platform>.region

The region to deploy your cluster in.

A valid region for your cloud, such as us-east-1 for AWS, centralus for Azure, or region1 for Red Hat OpenStack Platform (RHOSP).

pullSecret

The pull secret that you obtained from the Pull Secret page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site. You use this pull secret to authenticate with the services that are provided by the included authorities, including Quay.io, which serves the container images for OpenShift Container Platform components.

{
   "auths":{
      "cloud.openshift.com":{
         "auth":"b3Blb=",
         "email":"you@example.com"
      },
      "quay.io":{
         "auth":"b3Blb=",
         "email":"you@example.com"
      }
   }
}

Table 1.5. Optional parameters

ParameterDescriptionValues

sshKey

The SSH key to use to access your cluster machines.

Note

For production OpenShift Container Platform clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery on, specify an SSH key that your ssh-agent process uses.

A valid, local public SSH key that you added to the ssh-agent process.

fips

Whether to enable or disable FIPS mode. By default, FIPS mode is not enabled. If FIPS mode is enabled, the Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) machines that OpenShift Container Platform runs on bypass the default Kubernetes cryptography suite and use the cryptography modules that are provided with RHCOS instead.

false or true

publish

How to publish the user-facing endpoints of your cluster.

Internal or External. Set publish to Internal to deploy a private cluster, which cannot be accessed from the internet. The default value is External.

compute.hyperthreading

Whether to enable or disable simultaneous multithreading, or hyperthreading, on compute machines. By default, simultaneous multithreading is enabled to increase the performance of your machines' cores.

Important

If you disable simultaneous multithreading, ensure that your capacity planning accounts for the dramatically decreased machine performance.

Enabled or Disabled

compute.replicas

The number of compute machines, which are also known as worker machines, to provision.

A positive integer greater than or equal to 2. The default value is 3.

controlPlane.hyperthreading

Whether to enable or disable simultaneous multithreading, or hyperthreading, on control plane machines. By default, simultaneous multithreading is enabled to increase the performance of your machines' cores.

Important

If you disable simultaneous multithreading, ensure that your capacity planning accounts for the dramatically decreased machine performance.

Enabled or Disabled

controlPlane.replicas

The number of control plane machines to provision.

A positive integer greater than or equal to 3. The default value is 3.

Table 1.6. Additional Google Cloud Platform (GCP) parameters

ParameterDescriptionValues

platform.gcp.network

The name of the existing VPC that you want to deploy your cluster to.

String.

platform.gcp.type

The GCP machine type.

The GCP machine type.

platform.gcp.zones

The availability zones where the installation program creates machines for the specified MachinePool.

A list of valid GCP availability zones, such as us-central1-a, in a YAML sequence.

platform.gcp.controlPlaneSubnet

The name of the existing subnet in your VPC that you want to deploy your control plane machines to.

The subnet name.

platform.gcp.computeSubnet

The name of the existing subnet in your VPC that you want to deploy your compute machines to.

The subnet name.

1.3.5.2. Sample customized install-config.yaml file for GCP

You can customize the install-config.yaml file to specify more details about your OpenShift Container Platform cluster’s platform or modify the values of the required parameters.

Important

This sample YAML file is provided for reference only. You must obtain your install-config.yaml file by using the installation program and modify it.

apiVersion: v1
baseDomain: example.com 1
controlPlane: 2
  hyperthreading: Enabled 3 4
  name: master
  platform:
    gcp:
      type: n2-standard-4
      zones:
      - us-central1-a
      - us-central1-c
  replicas: 3
compute: 5
- hyperthreading: Enabled 6
  name: worker
  platform:
    gcp:
      type: n2-standard-4
      zones:
      - us-central1-a
      - us-central1-c
  replicas: 3
metadata:
  name: test-cluster 7
networking:
  clusterNetwork:
  - cidr: 10.128.0.0/14
    hostPrefix: 23
  machineCIDR: 10.0.0.0/16
  networkType: OpenShiftSDN
  serviceNetwork:
  - 172.30.0.0/16
platform:
  gcp:
    ProjectID: openshift-production 8
    region: us-central1 9
pullSecret: '{"auths": ...}' 10
fips: false 11
sshKey: ssh-ed25519 AAAA... 12
1 7 8 9 10
Required. The installation program prompts you for this value.
2 5
If you do not provide these parameters and values, the installation program provides the default value.
3 6
The controlPlane section is a single mapping, but the compute section is a sequence of mappings. To meet the requirements of the different data structures, the first line of the compute section must begin with a hyphen, -, and the first line of the controlPlane section must not. Although both sections currently define a single machine pool, it is possible that future versions of OpenShift Container Platform will support defining multiple compute pools during installation. Only one control plane pool is used.
4
Whether to enable or disable simultaneous multithreading, or hyperthreading. By default, simultaneous multithreading is enabled to increase the performance of your machines' cores. You can disable it by setting the parameter value to Disabled. If you disable simultaneous multithreading in some cluster machines, you must disable it in all cluster machines.
Important

If you disable simultaneous multithreading, ensure that your capacity planning accounts for the dramatically decreased machine performance. Use larger machine types, such as n1-standard-8, for your machines if you disable simultaneous multithreading.

11
Whether to enable or disable FIPS mode. By default, FIPS mode is not enabled. If FIPS mode is enabled, the Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) machines that OpenShift Container Platform runs on bypass the default Kubernetes cryptography suite and use the cryptography modules that are provided with RHCOS instead.
12
You can optionally provide the sshKey value that you use to access the machines in your cluster.
Note

For production OpenShift Container Platform clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery on, specify an SSH key that your ssh-agent process uses.

1.3.6. Deploy the cluster

You can install OpenShift Container Platform on a compatible cloud platform.

Important

You can run the create cluster command of the installation program only once, during initial installation.

Prerequisites

  • Configure an account with the cloud platform that hosts your cluster.
  • Obtain the OpenShift Container Platform installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.

Procedure

  1. Remove any existing GCP credentials that do not use the service account key for the GCP account that you configured for your cluster and that are stored in the following locations:

    • The GOOGLE_CREDENTIALS, GOOGLE_CLOUD_KEYFILE_JSON, or GCLOUD_KEYFILE_JSON environment variables
    • The ~/.gcp/osServiceAccount.json file
    • The gcloud cli default credentials
  2. Run the installation program:

    $ ./openshift-install create cluster --dir=<installation_directory> \ 1
        --log-level=info 2
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the location of your customized ./install-config.yaml file.
    2
    To view different installation details, specify warn, debug, or error instead of info.
    Note

    If the cloud provider account that you configured on your host does not have sufficient permissions to deploy the cluster, the installation process stops, and the missing permissions are displayed.

    When the cluster deployment completes, directions for accessing your cluster, including a link to its web console and credentials for the kubeadmin user, display in your terminal.

    Important

    The Ignition config files that the installation program generates contain certificates that expire after 24 hours. You must keep the cluster running for 24 hours in a non-degraded state to ensure that the first certificate rotation has finished.

    Important

    You must not delete the installation program or the files that the installation program creates. Both are required to delete the cluster.

  3. Optional: You can reduce the number of permissions for the service account that you used to install the cluster.

    • If you assigned the Owner role to your service account, you can remove that role and replace it with the Viewer role.
    • If you included the Service Account Key Admin role, you can remove it.

1.3.7. Installing the CLI by downloading the binary

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) in order to interact with OpenShift Container Platform from a command-line interface. You can install oc on Linux, Windows, or macOS.

Important

If you installed an earlier version of oc, you cannot use it to complete all of the commands in OpenShift Container Platform 4.3. Download and install the new version of oc.

1.3.7.1. Installing the CLI on Linux

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary on Linux by using the following procedure.

Procedure

  1. Navigate to the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Select your infrastructure provider, and, if applicable, your installation type.
  3. In the Command-line interface section, select Linux from the drop-down menu and click Download command-line tools.
  4. Unpack the archive:

    $ tar xvzf <file>
  5. Place the oc binary in a directory that is on your PATH.

    To check your PATH, execute the following command:

    $ echo $PATH

After you install the CLI, it is available using the oc command:

$ oc <command>

1.3.7.2. Installing the CLI on Windows

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary on Windows by using the following procedure.

Procedure

  1. Navigate to the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Select your infrastructure provider, and, if applicable, your installation type.
  3. In the Command-line interface section, select Windows from the drop-down menu and click Download command-line tools.
  4. Unzip the archive with a ZIP program.
  5. Move the oc binary to a directory that is on your PATH.

    To check your PATH, open the command prompt and execute the following command:

    C:\> path

After you install the CLI, it is available using the oc command:

C:\> oc <command>

1.3.7.3. Installing the CLI on macOS

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary on macOS by using the following procedure.

Procedure

  1. Navigate to the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Select your infrastructure provider, and, if applicable, your installation type.
  3. In the Command-line interface section, select MacOS from the drop-down menu and click Download command-line tools.
  4. Unpack and unzip the archive.
  5. Move the oc binary to a directory on your PATH.

    To check your PATH, open a terminal and execute the following command:

    $ echo $PATH

After you install the CLI, it is available using the oc command:

$ oc <command>

1.3.8. Logging in to the cluster

You can log in to your cluster as a default system user by exporting the cluster kubeconfig file. The kubeconfig file contains information about the cluster that is used by the CLI to connect a client to the correct cluster and API server. The file is specific to a cluster and is created during OpenShift Container Platform installation.

Prerequisites

  • Deploy an OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
  • Install the oc CLI.

Procedure

  1. Export the kubeadmin credentials:

    $ export KUBECONFIG=<installation_directory>/auth/kubeconfig 1
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.
  2. Verify you can run oc commands successfully using the exported configuration:

    $ oc whoami
    system:admin

1.3.9. Next steps

1.4. Installing a cluster on GCP with network customizations

In OpenShift Container Platform version 4.3, you can install a cluster with a customized network configuration on infrastructure that the installation program provisions on Google Cloud Platform (GCP). By customizing your network configuration, your cluster can coexist with existing IP address allocations in your environment and integrate with existing MTU and VXLAN configurations. To customize the installation, you modify parameters in the install-config.yaml file before you install the cluster.

You must set most of the network configuration parameters during installation, and you can modify only kubeProxy configuration parameters in a running cluster.

1.4.1. Prerequisites

1.4.2. Internet and Telemetry access for OpenShift Container Platform

In OpenShift Container Platform 4.3, you require access to the internet to install your cluster. The Telemetry service, which runs by default to provide metrics about cluster health and the success of updates, also requires internet access. If your cluster is connected to the internet, Telemetry runs automatically, and your cluster is registered to the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager (OCM).

Once you confirm that your Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager inventory is correct, either maintained automatically by Telemetry or manually using OCM, use subscription watch to track your OpenShift Container Platform subscriptions at the account or multi-cluster level.

You must have internet access to:

  • Access the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager page to download the installation program and perform subscription management. If the cluster has internet access and you do not disable Telemetry, that service automatically entitles your cluster.
  • Access Quay.io to obtain the packages that are required to install your cluster.
  • Obtain the packages that are required to perform cluster updates.
Important

If your cluster cannot have direct internet access, you can perform a restricted network installation on some types of infrastructure that you provision. During that process, you download the content that is required and use it to populate a mirror registry with the packages that you need to install a cluster and generate the installation program. With some installation types, the environment that you install your cluster in will not require internet access. Before you update the cluster, you update the content of the mirror registry.

1.4.3. Generating an SSH private key and adding it to the agent

If you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery on your cluster, you must provide an SSH key to both your ssh-agent and to the installation program.

Note

In a production environment, you require disaster recovery and debugging.

You can use this key to SSH into the master nodes as the user core. When you deploy the cluster, the key is added to the core user’s ~/.ssh/authorized_keys list.

Note

You must use a local key, not one that you configured with platform-specific approaches such as AWS key pairs.

Procedure

  1. If you do not have an SSH key that is configured for password-less authentication on your computer, create one. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:

    $ ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -N '' \
        -f <path>/<file_name> 1
    1
    Specify the path and file name, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa, of the SSH key. Do not specify an existing SSH key, as it will be overwritten.

    Running this command generates an SSH key that does not require a password in the location that you specified.

  2. Start the ssh-agent process as a background task:

    $ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
    
    Agent pid 31874
  3. Add your SSH private key to the ssh-agent:

    $ ssh-add <path>/<file_name> 1
    
    Identity added: /home/<you>/<path>/<file_name> (<computer_name>)
    1
    Specify the path and file name for your SSH private key, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa

Next steps

  • When you install OpenShift Container Platform, provide the SSH public key to the installation program.

1.4.4. Obtaining the installation program

Before you install OpenShift Container Platform, download the installation file on a local computer.

Prerequisites

  • You must install the cluster from a computer that uses Linux or macOS.
  • You need 500 MB of local disk space to download the installation program.

Procedure

  1. Access the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site. If you have a Red Hat account, log in with your credentials. If you do not, create an account.
  2. Navigate to the page for your installation type, download the installation program for your operating system, and place the file in the directory where you will store the installation configuration files.

    Important

    The installation program creates several files on the computer that you use to install your cluster. You must keep both the installation program and the files that the installation program creates after you finish installing the cluster.

    Important

    Deleting the files created by the installation program does not remove your cluster, even if the cluster failed during installation. You must complete the OpenShift Container Platform uninstallation procedures outlined for your specific cloud provider to remove your cluster entirely.

  3. Extract the installation program. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:

    $ tar xvf <installation_program>.tar.gz
  4. From the Pull Secret page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site, download your installation pull secret as a .txt file. This pull secret allows you to authenticate with the services that are provided by the included authorities, including Quay.io, which serves the container images for OpenShift Container Platform components.

1.4.5. Creating the installation configuration file

You can customize your installation of OpenShift Container Platform on Google Cloud Platform (GCP).

Prerequisites

  • Obtain the OpenShift Container Platform installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.

Procedure

  1. Create the install-config.yaml file.

    1. Run the following command:

      $ ./openshift-install create install-config --dir=<installation_directory> 1
      1
      For <installation_directory>, specify the directory name to store the files that the installation program creates.
      Important

      Specify an empty directory. Some installation assets, like bootstrap X.509 certificates have short expiration intervals, so you must not reuse an installation directory. If you want to reuse individual files from another cluster installation, you can copy them into your directory. However, the file names for the installation assets might change between releases. Use caution when copying installation files from an earlier OpenShift Container Platform version.

    2. At the prompts, provide the configuration details for your cloud:

      1. Optional: Select an SSH key to use to access your cluster machines.

        Note

        For production OpenShift Container Platform clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery on, specify an SSH key that your ssh-agent process uses.

      2. Select gcp as the platform to target.
      3. If you have not configured the service account key for your GCP account on your computer, you must obtain it from GCP and paste the contents of the file or enter the absolute path to the file.
      4. Select the project ID to provision the cluster in. The default value is specified by the service account that you configured.
      5. Select the region to deploy the cluster to.
      6. Select the base domain to deploy the cluster to. The base domain corresponds to the public DNS zone that you created for your cluster.
      7. Enter a descriptive name for your cluster. If you provide a name that is longer than 6 characters, only the first 6 characters will be used in the infrastructure ID that is generated from the cluster name.
      8. Paste the pull secret that you obtained from the Pull Secret page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Modify the install-config.yaml file. You can find more information about the available parameters in the Installation configuration parameters section.
  3. Back up the install-config.yaml file so that you can use it to install multiple clusters.

    Important

    The install-config.yaml file is consumed during the installation process. If you want to reuse the file, you must back it up now.

1.4.5.1. Installation configuration parameters

Before you deploy an OpenShift Container Platform cluster, you provide parameter values to describe your account on the cloud platform that hosts your cluster and optionally customize your cluster’s platform. When you create the install-config.yaml installation configuration file, you provide values for the required parameters through the command line. If you customize your cluster, you can modify the install-config.yaml file to provide more details about the platform.

Note

You cannot modify these parameters in the install-config.yaml file after installation.

Table 1.7. Required parameters

ParameterDescriptionValues

baseDomain

The base domain of your cloud provider. This value is used to create routes to your OpenShift Container Platform cluster components. The full DNS name for your cluster is a combination of the baseDomain and metadata.name parameter values that uses the <metadata.name>.<baseDomain> format.

A fully-qualified domain or subdomain name, such as example.com.

controlPlane.platform

The cloud provider to host the control plane machines. This parameter value must match the compute.platform parameter value.

aws, azure, gcp, openstack, or {}

compute.platform

The cloud provider to host the worker machines. This parameter value must match the controlPlane.platform parameter value.

aws, azure, gcp, openstack, or {}

metadata.name

The name of your cluster.

A string that contains uppercase or lowercase letters, such as dev.

platform.<platform>.region

The region to deploy your cluster in.

A valid region for your cloud, such as us-east-1 for AWS, centralus for Azure, or region1 for Red Hat OpenStack Platform (RHOSP).

pullSecret

The pull secret that you obtained from the Pull Secret page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site. You use this pull secret to authenticate with the services that are provided by the included authorities, including Quay.io, which serves the container images for OpenShift Container Platform components.

{
   "auths":{
      "cloud.openshift.com":{
         "auth":"b3Blb=",
         "email":"you@example.com"
      },
      "quay.io":{
         "auth":"b3Blb=",
         "email":"you@example.com"
      }
   }
}

Table 1.8. Optional parameters

ParameterDescriptionValues

sshKey

The SSH key to use to access your cluster machines.

Note

For production OpenShift Container Platform clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery on, specify an SSH key that your ssh-agent process uses.

A valid, local public SSH key that you added to the ssh-agent process.

fips

Whether to enable or disable FIPS mode. By default, FIPS mode is not enabled. If FIPS mode is enabled, the Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) machines that OpenShift Container Platform runs on bypass the default Kubernetes cryptography suite and use the cryptography modules that are provided with RHCOS instead.

false or true

publish

How to publish the user-facing endpoints of your cluster.

Internal or External. Set publish to Internal to deploy a private cluster, which cannot be accessed from the internet. The default value is External.

compute.hyperthreading

Whether to enable or disable simultaneous multithreading, or hyperthreading, on compute machines. By default, simultaneous multithreading is enabled to increase the performance of your machines' cores.

Important

If you disable simultaneous multithreading, ensure that your capacity planning accounts for the dramatically decreased machine performance.

Enabled or Disabled

compute.replicas

The number of compute machines, which are also known as worker machines, to provision.

A positive integer greater than or equal to 2. The default value is 3.

controlPlane.hyperthreading

Whether to enable or disable simultaneous multithreading, or hyperthreading, on control plane machines. By default, simultaneous multithreading is enabled to increase the performance of your machines' cores.

Important

If you disable simultaneous multithreading, ensure that your capacity planning accounts for the dramatically decreased machine performance.

Enabled or Disabled

controlPlane.replicas

The number of control plane machines to provision.

A positive integer greater than or equal to 3. The default value is 3.

Table 1.9. Additional Google Cloud Platform (GCP) parameters

ParameterDescriptionValues

platform.gcp.network

The name of the existing VPC that you want to deploy your cluster to.

String.

platform.gcp.type

The GCP machine type.

The GCP machine type.

platform.gcp.zones

The availability zones where the installation program creates machines for the specified MachinePool.

A list of valid GCP availability zones, such as us-central1-a, in a YAML sequence.

platform.gcp.controlPlaneSubnet

The name of the existing subnet in your VPC that you want to deploy your control plane machines to.

The subnet name.

platform.gcp.computeSubnet

The name of the existing subnet in your VPC that you want to deploy your compute machines to.

The subnet name.

1.4.5.2. Network configuration parameters

You can modify your cluster network configuration parameters in the install-config.yaml configuration file. The following table describes the parameters.

Note

You cannot modify these parameters in the install-config.yaml file after installation.

Table 1.10. Required network parameters

ParameterDescriptionValue

networking.networkType

The default Container Network Interface (CNI) network provider plug-in to deploy. The OpenShiftSDN plug-in is the only plug-in supported in OpenShift Container Platform 4.3.

The default value is OpenShiftSDN.

networking.clusterNetwork.cidr

A block of IP addresses from which Pod IP addresses are allocated. The OpenShiftSDN network plug-in supports multiple cluster networks. The address blocks for multiple cluster networks must not overlap. Select address pools large enough to fit your anticipated workload.

An IP address allocation in CIDR format. The default value is 10.128.0.0/14.

networking.clusterNetwork.hostPrefix

The subnet prefix length to assign to each individual node. For example, if hostPrefix is set to 23, then each node is assigned a /23 subnet out of the given cidr, allowing for 510 (2^(32 - 23) - 2) Pod IP addresses.

A subnet prefix. The default value is 23.

networking.serviceNetwork[]

A block of IP addresses for services. OpenShiftSDN allows only one serviceNetwork block. The address block must not overlap with any other network block.

An IP address allocation in CIDR format. The default value is 172.30.0.0/16.

networking.machineCIDR

A block of IP addresses used by the OpenShift Container Platform installation program while installing the cluster. The address block must not overlap with any other network block.

An IP address allocation in CIDR format. The default value is 10.0.0.0/16.

1.4.5.3. Sample customized install-config.yaml file for GCP

You can customize the install-config.yaml file to specify more details about your OpenShift Container Platform cluster’s platform or modify the values of the required parameters.

Important

This sample YAML file is provided for reference only. You must obtain your install-config.yaml file by using the installation program and modify it.

apiVersion: v1
baseDomain: example.com 1
controlPlane: 2
  hyperthreading: Enabled 3 4
  name: master
  platform:
    gcp:
      type: n2-standard-4
      zones:
      - us-central1-a
      - us-central1-c
  replicas: 3
compute: 5
- hyperthreading: Enabled 6
  name: worker
  platform:
    gcp:
      type: n2-standard-4
      zones:
      - us-central1-a
      - us-central1-c
  replicas: 3
metadata:
  name: test-cluster 7
networking: 8
  clusterNetwork:
  - cidr: 10.128.0.0/14
    hostPrefix: 23
  machineCIDR: 10.0.0.0/16
  networkType: OpenShiftSDN
  serviceNetwork:
  - 172.30.0.0/16
platform:
  gcp:
    ProjectID: openshift-production 9
    region: us-central1 10
pullSecret: '{"auths": ...}' 11
fips: false 12
sshKey: ssh-ed25519 AAAA... 13
1 7 9 10 11
Required. The installation program prompts you for this value.
2 5 8
If you do not provide these parameters and values, the installation program provides the default value.
3 6
The controlPlane section is a single mapping, but the compute section is a sequence of mappings. To meet the requirements of the different data structures, the first line of the compute section must begin with a hyphen, -, and the first line of the controlPlane section must not. Although both sections currently define a single machine pool, it is possible that future versions of OpenShift Container Platform will support defining multiple compute pools during installation. Only one control plane pool is used.
4
Whether to enable or disable simultaneous multithreading, or hyperthreading. By default, simultaneous multithreading is enabled to increase the performance of your machines' cores. You can disable it by setting the parameter value to Disabled. If you disable simultaneous multithreading in some cluster machines, you must disable it in all cluster machines.
Important

If you disable simultaneous multithreading, ensure that your capacity planning accounts for the dramatically decreased machine performance. Use larger machine types, such as n1-standard-8, for your machines if you disable simultaneous multithreading.

12
Whether to enable or disable FIPS mode. By default, FIPS mode is not enabled. If FIPS mode is enabled, the Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) machines that OpenShift Container Platform runs on bypass the default Kubernetes cryptography suite and use the cryptography modules that are provided with RHCOS instead.
13
You can optionally provide the sshKey value that you use to access the machines in your cluster.
Note

For production OpenShift Container Platform clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery on, specify an SSH key that your ssh-agent process uses.

1.4.6. Modifying advanced network configuration parameters

You can modify the advanced network configuration parameters only before you install the cluster. Advanced configuration customization lets you integrate your cluster into your existing network environment by specifying an MTU or VXLAN port, by allowing customization of kube-proxy settings, and by specifying a different mode for the openshiftSDNConfig parameter.

Important

Modifying the OpenShift Container Platform manifest files directly is not supported.

Prerequisites

  • Create the install-config.yaml file and complete any modifications to it.

Procedure

  1. Use the following command to create manifests:

    $ ./openshift-install create manifests --dir=<installation_directory> 1
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the name of the directory that contains the install-config.yaml file for your cluster.
  2. Modify the <installation_directory>/manifests/cluster-scheduler-02-config.yml Kubernetes manifest file to prevent Pods from being scheduled on the control plane machines:

    1. Open the manifests/cluster-scheduler-02-config.yml file.
    2. Locate the mastersSchedulable parameter and set its value to False.
    3. Save and exit the file.
    Note

    Currently, due to a Kubernetes limitation, router Pods running on control plane machines will not be reachable by the ingress load balancer.

  3. Create a file that is named cluster-network-03-config.yml in the <installation_directory>/manifests/ directory:

    $ touch <installation_directory>/manifests/cluster-network-03-config.yml 1
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the directory name that contains the manifests/ directory for your cluster.

    After creating the file, several network configuration files are in the manifests/ directory, as shown:

    $ ls <installation_directory>/manifests/cluster-network-*

    Example output

    cluster-network-01-crd.yml
    cluster-network-02-config.yml
    cluster-network-03-config.yml

  4. Open the cluster-network-03-config.yml file in an editor and enter a CR that describes the Operator configuration you want:

    apiVersion: operator.openshift.io/v1
    kind: Network
    metadata:
      name: cluster
    spec: 1
      clusterNetwork:
      - cidr: 10.128.0.0/14
        hostPrefix: 23
      serviceNetwork:
      - 172.30.0.0/16
      defaultNetwork:
        type: OpenShiftSDN
        openshiftSDNConfig:
          mode: NetworkPolicy
          mtu: 1450
          vxlanPort: 4789
    1
    The parameters for the spec parameter are only an example. Specify your configuration for the Cluster Network Operator in the CR.

    The CNO provides default values for the parameters in the CR, so you must specify only the parameters that you want to change.

  5. Save the cluster-network-03-config.yml file and quit the text editor.
  6. Optional: Back up the manifests/cluster-network-03-config.yml file. The installation program deletes the manifests/ directory when creating the cluster.

1.4.7. Cluster Network Operator configuration

The configuration for the cluster network is specified as part of the Cluster Network Operator (CNO) configuration and stored in a CR object that is named cluster. The CR specifies the parameters for the Network API in the operator.openshift.io API group.

You can specify the cluster network configuration for your OpenShift Container Platform cluster by setting the parameter values for the defaultNetwork parameter in the CNO CR. The following CR displays the default configuration for the CNO and explains both the parameters you can configure and the valid parameter values:

Cluster Network Operator CR

apiVersion: operator.openshift.io/v1
kind: Network
metadata:
  name: cluster
spec:
  clusterNetwork: 1
  - cidr: 10.128.0.0/14
    hostPrefix: 23
  serviceNetwork: 2
  - 172.30.0.0/16
  defaultNetwork: 3
    ...
  kubeProxyConfig: 4
    iptablesSyncPeriod: 30s 5
    proxyArguments:
      iptables-min-sync-period: 6
      - 0s

1 2
Specified in the install-config.yaml file.
3
Configures the default Container Network Interface (CNI) network provider for the cluster network.
4
The parameters for this object specify the kube-proxy configuration. If you do not specify the parameter values, the Cluster Network Operator applies the displayed default parameter values. If you are using the OVN-Kubernetes default CNI network provider, the kube-proxy configuration has no effect.
5
The refresh period for iptables rules. The default value is 30s. Valid suffixes include s, m, and h and are described in the Go time package documentation.
Note

Because of performance improvements introduced in OpenShift Container Platform 4.3 and greater, adjusting the iptablesSyncPeriod parameter is no longer necessary.

6
The minimum duration before refreshing iptables rules. This parameter ensures that the refresh does not happen too frequently. Valid suffixes include s, m, and h and are described in the Go time package.

1.4.7.1. Configuration parameters for the OpenShift SDN default CNI network provider

The following YAML object describes the configuration parameters for the OpenShift SDN default Container Network Interface (CNI) network provider.

defaultNetwork:
  type: OpenShiftSDN 1
  openshiftSDNConfig: 2
    mode: NetworkPolicy 3
    mtu: 1450 4
    vxlanPort: 4789 5
1
Specified in the install-config.yaml file.
2
Specify only if you want to override part of the OpenShift SDN configuration.
3
Configures the network isolation mode for OpenShift SDN. The allowed values are Multitenant, Subnet, or NetworkPolicy. The default value is NetworkPolicy.
4
The maximum transmission unit (MTU) for the VXLAN overlay network. This value is normally configured automatically, but if the nodes in your cluster do not all use the same MTU, then you must set this explicitly to 50 less than the smallest node MTU value.
5
The port to use for all VXLAN packets. The default value is 4789. If you are running in a virtualized environment with existing nodes that are part of another VXLAN network, then you might be required to change this. For example, when running an OpenShift SDN overlay on top of VMware NSX-T, you must select an alternate port for VXLAN, since both SDNs use the same default VXLAN port number.

On Amazon Web Services (AWS), you can select an alternate port for the VXLAN between port 9000 and port 9999.

1.4.7.2. Cluster Network Operator example configuration

A complete CR object for the CNO is displayed in the following example:

Cluster Network Operator example CR

apiVersion: operator.openshift.io/v1
kind: Network
metadata:
  name: cluster
spec:
  clusterNetwork:
  - cidr: 10.128.0.0/14
    hostPrefix: 23
  serviceNetwork:
  - 172.30.0.0/16
  defaultNetwork:
    type: OpenShiftSDN
    openshiftSDNConfig:
      mode: NetworkPolicy
      mtu: 1450
      vxlanPort: 4789
  kubeProxyConfig:
    iptablesSyncPeriod: 30s
    proxyArguments:
      iptables-min-sync-period:
      - 0s

1.4.8. Deploy the cluster

You can install OpenShift Container Platform on a compatible cloud platform.

Important

You can run the create cluster command of the installation program only once, during initial installation.

Prerequisites

  • Configure an account with the cloud platform that hosts your cluster.
  • Obtain the OpenShift Container Platform installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.

Procedure

  1. Run the installation program:

    $ ./openshift-install create cluster --dir=<installation_directory> \ 1
        --log-level=info 2
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the
    2
    To view different installation details, specify warn, debug, or error instead of info.
    Note

    If the cloud provider account that you configured on your host does not have sufficient permissions to deploy the cluster, the installation process stops, and the missing permissions are displayed.

    When the cluster deployment completes, directions for accessing your cluster, including a link to its web console and credentials for the kubeadmin user, display in your terminal.

    Important

    The Ignition config files that the installation program generates contain certificates that expire after 24 hours. You must keep the cluster running for 24 hours in a non-degraded state to ensure that the first certificate rotation has finished.

    Important

    You must not delete the installation program or the files that the installation program creates. Both are required to delete the cluster.

1.4.9. Installing the CLI by downloading the binary

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) in order to interact with OpenShift Container Platform from a command-line interface. You can install oc on Linux, Windows, or macOS.

Important

If you installed an earlier version of oc, you cannot use it to complete all of the commands in OpenShift Container Platform 4.3. Download and install the new version of oc.

1.4.9.1. Installing the CLI on Linux

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary on Linux by using the following procedure.

Procedure

  1. Navigate to the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Select your infrastructure provider, and, if applicable, your installation type.
  3. In the Command-line interface section, select Linux from the drop-down menu and click Download command-line tools.
  4. Unpack the archive:

    $ tar xvzf <file>
  5. Place the oc binary in a directory that is on your PATH.

    To check your PATH, execute the following command:

    $ echo $PATH

After you install the CLI, it is available using the oc command:

$ oc <command>

1.4.9.2. Installing the CLI on Windows

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary on Windows by using the following procedure.

Procedure

  1. Navigate to the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Select your infrastructure provider, and, if applicable, your installation type.
  3. In the Command-line interface section, select Windows from the drop-down menu and click Download command-line tools.
  4. Unzip the archive with a ZIP program.
  5. Move the oc binary to a directory that is on your PATH.

    To check your PATH, open the command prompt and execute the following command:

    C:\> path

After you install the CLI, it is available using the oc command:

C:\> oc <command>

1.4.9.3. Installing the CLI on macOS

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary on macOS by using the following procedure.

Procedure

  1. Navigate to the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Select your infrastructure provider, and, if applicable, your installation type.
  3. In the Command-line interface section, select MacOS from the drop-down menu and click Download command-line tools.
  4. Unpack and unzip the archive.
  5. Move the oc binary to a directory on your PATH.

    To check your PATH, open a terminal and execute the following command:

    $ echo $PATH

After you install the CLI, it is available using the oc command:

$ oc <command>

1.4.10. Logging in to the cluster

You can log in to your cluster as a default system user by exporting the cluster kubeconfig file. The kubeconfig file contains information about the cluster that is used by the CLI to connect a client to the correct cluster and API server. The file is specific to a cluster and is created during OpenShift Container Platform installation.

Prerequisites

  • Deploy an OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
  • Install the oc CLI.

Procedure

  1. Export the kubeadmin credentials:

    $ export KUBECONFIG=<installation_directory>/auth/kubeconfig 1
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.
  2. Verify you can run oc commands successfully using the exported configuration:

    $ oc whoami
    system:admin

1.4.11. Next steps

1.5. Installing a cluster on GCP into an existing VPC

In OpenShift Container Platform version 4.3, you can install a cluster into an existing Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) on Google Cloud Platform (GCP). The installation program provisions the rest of the required infrastructure, which you can further customize. To customize the installation, you modify parameters in the install-config.yaml file before you install the cluster.

1.5.1. Prerequisites

1.5.2. Internet and Telemetry access for OpenShift Container Platform

In OpenShift Container Platform 4.3, you require access to the internet to install your cluster. The Telemetry service, which runs by default to provide metrics about cluster health and the success of updates, also requires internet access. If your cluster is connected to the internet, Telemetry runs automatically, and your cluster is registered to the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager (OCM).

Once you confirm that your Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager inventory is correct, either maintained automatically by Telemetry or manually using OCM, use subscription watch to track your OpenShift Container Platform subscriptions at the account or multi-cluster level.

You must have internet access to:

  • Access the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager page to download the installation program and perform subscription management. If the cluster has internet access and you do not disable Telemetry, that service automatically entitles your cluster.
  • Access Quay.io to obtain the packages that are required to install your cluster.
  • Obtain the packages that are required to perform cluster updates.
Important

If your cluster cannot have direct internet access, you can perform a restricted network installation on some types of infrastructure that you provision. During that process, you download the content that is required and use it to populate a mirror registry with the packages that you need to install a cluster and generate the installation program. With some installation types, the environment that you install your cluster in will not require internet access. Before you update the cluster, you update the content of the mirror registry.

1.5.3. Generating an SSH private key and adding it to the agent

If you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery on your cluster, you must provide an SSH key to both your ssh-agent and to the installation program.

Note

In a production environment, you require disaster recovery and debugging.

You can use this key to SSH into the master nodes as the user core. When you deploy the cluster, the key is added to the core user’s ~/.ssh/authorized_keys list.

Note

You must use a local key, not one that you configured with platform-specific approaches such as AWS key pairs.

Procedure

  1. If you do not have an SSH key that is configured for password-less authentication on your computer, create one. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:

    $ ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -N '' \
        -f <path>/<file_name> 1
    1
    Specify the path and file name, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa, of the SSH key. Do not specify an existing SSH key, as it will be overwritten.

    Running this command generates an SSH key that does not require a password in the location that you specified.

  2. Start the ssh-agent process as a background task:

    $ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
    
    Agent pid 31874
  3. Add your SSH private key to the ssh-agent:

    $ ssh-add <path>/<file_name> 1
    
    Identity added: /home/<you>/<path>/<file_name> (<computer_name>)
    1
    Specify the path and file name for your SSH private key, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa

Next steps

  • When you install OpenShift Container Platform, provide the SSH public key to the installation program.

1.5.4. Obtaining the installation program

Before you install OpenShift Container Platform, download the installation file on a local computer.

Prerequisites

  • You must install the cluster from a computer that uses Linux or macOS.
  • You need 500 MB of local disk space to download the installation program.

Procedure

  1. Access the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site. If you have a Red Hat account, log in with your credentials. If you do not, create an account.
  2. Navigate to the page for your installation type, download the installation program for your operating system, and place the file in the directory where you will store the installation configuration files.

    Important

    The installation program creates several files on the computer that you use to install your cluster. You must keep both the installation program and the files that the installation program creates after you finish installing the cluster.

    Important

    Deleting the files created by the installation program does not remove your cluster, even if the cluster failed during installation. You must complete the OpenShift Container Platform uninstallation procedures outlined for your specific cloud provider to remove your cluster entirely.

  3. Extract the installation program. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:

    $ tar xvf <installation_program>.tar.gz
  4. From the Pull Secret page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site, download your installation pull secret as a .txt file. This pull secret allows you to authenticate with the services that are provided by the included authorities, including Quay.io, which serves the container images for OpenShift Container Platform components.

1.5.5. Creating the installation configuration file

You can customize your installation of OpenShift Container Platform on Google Cloud Platform (GCP).

Prerequisites

  • Obtain the OpenShift Container Platform installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.

Procedure

  1. Create the install-config.yaml file.

    1. Run the following command:

      $ ./openshift-install create install-config --dir=<installation_directory> 1
      1
      For <installation_directory>, specify the directory name to store the files that the installation program creates.
      Important

      Specify an empty directory. Some installation assets, like bootstrap X.509 certificates have short expiration intervals, so you must not reuse an installation directory. If you want to reuse individual files from another cluster installation, you can copy them into your directory. However, the file names for the installation assets might change between releases. Use caution when copying installation files from an earlier OpenShift Container Platform version.

    2. At the prompts, provide the configuration details for your cloud:

      1. Optional: Select an SSH key to use to access your cluster machines.

        Note

        For production OpenShift Container Platform clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery on, specify an SSH key that your ssh-agent process uses.

      2. Select gcp as the platform to target.
      3. If you have not configured the service account key for your GCP account on your computer, you must obtain it from GCP and paste the contents of the file or enter the absolute path to the file.
      4. Select the project ID to provision the cluster in. The default value is specified by the service account that you configured.
      5. Select the region to deploy the cluster to.
      6. Select the base domain to deploy the cluster to. The base domain corresponds to the public DNS zone that you created for your cluster.
      7. Enter a descriptive name for your cluster. If you provide a name that is longer than 6 characters, only the first 6 characters will be used in the infrastructure ID that is generated from the cluster name.
      8. Paste the pull secret that you obtained from the Pull Secret page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Modify the install-config.yaml file. You can find more information about the available parameters in the Installation configuration parameters section.
  3. Back up the install-config.yaml file so that you can use it to install multiple clusters.

    Important

    The install-config.yaml file is consumed during the installation process. If you want to reuse the file, you must back it up now.

1.5.5.1. Installation configuration parameters

Before you deploy an OpenShift Container Platform cluster, you provide parameter values to describe your account on the cloud platform that hosts your cluster and optionally customize your cluster’s platform. When you create the install-config.yaml installation configuration file, you provide values for the required parameters through the command line. If you customize your cluster, you can modify the install-config.yaml file to provide more details about the platform.

Note

You cannot modify these parameters in the install-config.yaml file after installation.

Table 1.11. Required parameters

ParameterDescriptionValues

baseDomain

The base domain of your cloud provider. This value is used to create routes to your OpenShift Container Platform cluster components. The full DNS name for your cluster is a combination of the baseDomain and metadata.name parameter values that uses the <metadata.name>.<baseDomain> format.

A fully-qualified domain or subdomain name, such as example.com.

controlPlane.platform

The cloud provider to host the control plane machines. This parameter value must match the compute.platform parameter value.

aws, azure, gcp, openstack, or {}

compute.platform

The cloud provider to host the worker machines. This parameter value must match the controlPlane.platform parameter value.

aws, azure, gcp, openstack, or {}

metadata.name

The name of your cluster.

A string that contains uppercase or lowercase letters, such as dev.

platform.<platform>.region

The region to deploy your cluster in.

A valid region for your cloud, such as us-east-1 for AWS, centralus for Azure, or region1 for Red Hat OpenStack Platform (RHOSP).

pullSecret

The pull secret that you obtained from the Pull Secret page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site. You use this pull secret to authenticate with the services that are provided by the included authorities, including Quay.io, which serves the container images for OpenShift Container Platform components.

{
   "auths":{
      "cloud.openshift.com":{
         "auth":"b3Blb=",
         "email":"you@example.com"
      },
      "quay.io":{
         "auth":"b3Blb=",
         "email":"you@example.com"
      }
   }
}

Table 1.12. Optional parameters

ParameterDescriptionValues

sshKey

The SSH key to use to access your cluster machines.

Note

For production OpenShift Container Platform clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery on, specify an SSH key that your ssh-agent process uses.

A valid, local public SSH key that you added to the ssh-agent process.

fips

Whether to enable or disable FIPS mode. By default, FIPS mode is not enabled. If FIPS mode is enabled, the Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) machines that OpenShift Container Platform runs on bypass the default Kubernetes cryptography suite and use the cryptography modules that are provided with RHCOS instead.

false or true

publish

How to publish the user-facing endpoints of your cluster.

Internal or External. Set publish to Internal to deploy a private cluster, which cannot be accessed from the internet. The default value is External.

compute.hyperthreading

Whether to enable or disable simultaneous multithreading, or hyperthreading, on compute machines. By default, simultaneous multithreading is enabled to increase the performance of your machines' cores.

Important

If you disable simultaneous multithreading, ensure that your capacity planning accounts for the dramatically decreased machine performance.

Enabled or Disabled

compute.replicas

The number of compute machines, which are also known as worker machines, to provision.

A positive integer greater than or equal to 2. The default value is 3.

controlPlane.hyperthreading

Whether to enable or disable simultaneous multithreading, or hyperthreading, on control plane machines. By default, simultaneous multithreading is enabled to increase the performance of your machines' cores.

Important

If you disable simultaneous multithreading, ensure that your capacity planning accounts for the dramatically decreased machine performance.

Enabled or Disabled

controlPlane.replicas

The number of control plane machines to provision.

A positive integer greater than or equal to 3. The default value is 3.

Table 1.13. Additional Google Cloud Platform (GCP) parameters

ParameterDescriptionValues

platform.gcp.network

The name of the existing VPC that you want to deploy your cluster to.

String.

platform.gcp.type

The GCP machine type.

The GCP machine type.

platform.gcp.zones

The availability zones where the installation program creates machines for the specified MachinePool.

A list of valid GCP availability zones, such as us-central1-a, in a YAML sequence.

platform.gcp.controlPlaneSubnet

The name of the existing subnet in your VPC that you want to deploy your control plane machines to.

The subnet name.

platform.gcp.computeSubnet

The name of the existing subnet in your VPC that you want to deploy your compute machines to.

The subnet name.

1.5.5.2. Sample customized install-config.yaml file for GCP

You can customize the install-config.yaml file to specify more details about your OpenShift Container Platform cluster’s platform or modify the values of the required parameters.

Important

This sample YAML file is provided for reference only. You must obtain your install-config.yaml file by using the installation program and modify it.

apiVersion: v1
baseDomain: example.com 1
controlPlane: 2
  hyperthreading: Enabled 3 4
  name: master
  platform:
    gcp:
      type: n2-standard-4
      zones:
      - us-central1-a
      - us-central1-c
  replicas: 3
compute: 5
- hyperthreading: Enabled 6
  name: worker
  platform:
    gcp:
      type: n2-standard-4
      zones:
      - us-central1-a
      - us-central1-c
  replicas: 3
metadata:
  name: test-cluster 7
networking:
  clusterNetwork:
  - cidr: 10.128.0.0/14
    hostPrefix: 23
  machineCIDR: 10.0.0.0/16
  networkType: OpenShiftSDN
  serviceNetwork:
  - 172.30.0.0/16
platform:
  gcp:
    ProjectID: openshift-production 8
    region: us-central1 9
    network: existing_vpc 10
    controlPlaneSubnet: control_plane_subnet 11
    computeSubnet: compute_subnet 12
pullSecret: '{"auths": ...}' 13
fips: false 14
sshKey: ssh-ed25519 AAAA... 15
1 7 8 9 13
Required. The installation program prompts you for this value.
2 5
If you do not provide these parameters and values, the installation program provides the default value.
3 6
The controlPlane section is a single mapping, but the compute section is a sequence of mappings. To meet the requirements of the different data structures, the first line of the compute section must begin with a hyphen, -, and the first line of the controlPlane section must not. Although both sections currently define a single machine pool, it is possible that future versions of OpenShift Container Platform will support defining multiple compute pools during installation. Only one control plane pool is used.
4
Whether to enable or disable simultaneous multithreading, or hyperthreading. By default, simultaneous multithreading is enabled to increase the performance of your machines' cores. You can disable it by setting the parameter value to Disabled. If you disable simultaneous multithreading in some cluster machines, you must disable it in all cluster machines.
Important

If you disable simultaneous multithreading, ensure that your capacity planning accounts for the dramatically decreased machine performance. Use larger machine types, such as n1-standard-8, for your machines if you disable simultaneous multithreading.

10
If you use an existing VPC, specify its name.
11
If you use an existing VPC, specify the name of the existing subnet to deploy the control plane machines to. The subnet must belong to the VPC that you specified.
12
If you use an existing VPC, specify the name of the existing subnet to deploy the compute machines to. The subnet must belong to the VPC that you specified.
14
Whether to enable or disable FIPS mode. By default, FIPS mode is not enabled. If FIPS mode is enabled, the Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) machines that OpenShift Container Platform runs on bypass the default Kubernetes cryptography suite and use the cryptography modules that are provided with RHCOS instead.
15
You can optionally provide the sshKey value that you use to access the machines in your cluster.
Note

For production OpenShift Container Platform clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery on, specify an SSH key that your ssh-agent process uses.

1.5.5.3. Configuring the cluster-wide proxy during installation

Production environments can deny direct access to the Internet and instead have an HTTP or HTTPS proxy available. You can configure a new OpenShift Container Platform cluster to use a proxy by configuring the proxy settings in the install-config.yaml file.

Prerequisites

  • An existing install-config.yaml file.
  • Review the sites that your cluster requires access to and determine whether any need to bypass the proxy. By default, all cluster egress traffic is proxied, including calls to hosting cloud provider APIs. Add sites to the Proxy object’s spec.noProxy field to bypass the proxy if necessary.

    Note

    The Proxy object’s status.noProxy field is populated by default with the instance metadata endpoint (169.254.169.254) and with the values of the networking.machineCIDR, networking.clusterNetwork.cidr, and networking.serviceNetwork[] fields from your installation configuration.

Procedure

  1. Edit your install-config.yaml file and add the proxy settings. For example:

    apiVersion: v1
    baseDomain: my.domain.com
    proxy:
      httpProxy: http://<username>:<pswd>@<ip>:<port> 1
      httpsProxy: http://<username>:<pswd>@<ip>:<port> 2
      noProxy: example.com 3
    additionalTrustBundle: | 4
        -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
        <MY_TRUSTED_CA_CERT>
        -----END CERTIFICATE-----
    ...
    1
    A proxy URL to use for creating HTTP connections outside the cluster. The URL scheme must be http. If you use an MITM transparent proxy network that does not require additional proxy configuration but requires additional CAs, you must not specify an httpProxy value.
    2
    A proxy URL to use for creating HTTPS connections outside the cluster. If this field is not specified, then httpProxy is used for both HTTP and HTTPS connections. The URL scheme must be http; https is currently not supported. If you use an MITM transparent proxy network that does not require additional proxy configuration but requires additional CAs, you must not specify an httpsProxy value.
    3
    A comma-separated list of destination domain names, domains, IP addresses, or other network CIDRs to exclude proxying. Preface a domain with . to include all subdomains of that domain. Use * to bypass proxy for all destinations.
    4
    If provided, the installation program generates a ConfigMap that is named user-ca-bundle in the openshift-config namespace that contains one or more additional CA certificates that are required for proxying HTTPS connections. The Cluster Network Operator then creates a trusted-ca-bundle ConfigMap that merges these contents with the Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) trust bundle, and this ConfigMap is referenced in the Proxy object’s trustedCA field. The additionalTrustBundle field is required unless the proxy’s identity certificate is signed by an authority from the RHCOS trust bundle. If you use an MITM transparent proxy network that does not require additional proxy configuration but requires additional CAs, you must provide the MITM CA certificate.
    Note

    The installation program does not support the proxy readinessEndpoints field.

  2. Save the file and reference it when installing OpenShift Container Platform.

The installation program creates a cluster-wide proxy that is named cluster that uses the proxy settings in the provided install-config.yaml file. If no proxy settings are provided, a cluster Proxy object is still created, but it will have a nil spec.

Note

Only the Proxy object named cluster is supported, and no additional proxies can be created.

1.5.6. Deploy the cluster

You can install OpenShift Container Platform on a compatible cloud platform.

Important

You can run the create cluster command of the installation program only once, during initial installation.

Prerequisites

  • Configure an account with the cloud platform that hosts your cluster.
  • Obtain the OpenShift Container Platform installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.

Procedure

  1. Remove any existing GCP credentials that do not use the service account key for the GCP account that you configured for your cluster and that are stored in the following locations:

    • The GOOGLE_CREDENTIALS, GOOGLE_CLOUD_KEYFILE_JSON, or GCLOUD_KEYFILE_JSON environment variables
    • The ~/.gcp/osServiceAccount.json file
    • The gcloud cli default credentials
  2. Run the installation program:

    $ ./openshift-install create cluster --dir=<installation_directory> \ 1
        --log-level=info 2
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the location of your customized ./install-config.yaml file.
    2
    To view different installation details, specify warn, debug, or error instead of info.
    Note

    If the cloud provider account that you configured on your host does not have sufficient permissions to deploy the cluster, the installation process stops, and the missing permissions are displayed.

    When the cluster deployment completes, directions for accessing your cluster, including a link to its web console and credentials for the kubeadmin user, display in your terminal.

    Important

    The Ignition config files that the installation program generates contain certificates that expire after 24 hours. You must keep the cluster running for 24 hours in a non-degraded state to ensure that the first certificate rotation has finished.

    Important

    You must not delete the installation program or the files that the installation program creates. Both are required to delete the cluster.

  3. Optional: You can reduce the number of permissions for the service account that you used to install the cluster.

    • If you assigned the Owner role to your service account, you can remove that role and replace it with the Viewer role.
    • If you included the Service Account Key Admin role, you can remove it.

1.5.7. Installing the CLI by downloading the binary

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) in order to interact with OpenShift Container Platform from a command-line interface. You can install oc on Linux, Windows, or macOS.

Important

If you installed an earlier version of oc, you cannot use it to complete all of the commands in OpenShift Container Platform 4.3. Download and install the new version of oc.

1.5.7.1. Installing the CLI on Linux

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary on Linux by using the following procedure.

Procedure

  1. Navigate to the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Select your infrastructure provider, and, if applicable, your installation type.
  3. In the Command-line interface section, select Linux from the drop-down menu and click Download command-line tools.
  4. Unpack the archive:

    $ tar xvzf <file>
  5. Place the oc binary in a directory that is on your PATH.

    To check your PATH, execute the following command:

    $ echo $PATH

After you install the CLI, it is available using the oc command:

$ oc <command>

1.5.7.2. Installing the CLI on Windows

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary on Windows by using the following procedure.

Procedure

  1. Navigate to the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Select your infrastructure provider, and, if applicable, your installation type.
  3. In the Command-line interface section, select Windows from the drop-down menu and click Download command-line tools.
  4. Unzip the archive with a ZIP program.
  5. Move the oc binary to a directory that is on your PATH.

    To check your PATH, open the command prompt and execute the following command:

    C:\> path

After you install the CLI, it is available using the oc command:

C:\> oc <command>

1.5.7.3. Installing the CLI on macOS

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary on macOS by using the following procedure.

Procedure

  1. Navigate to the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Select your infrastructure provider, and, if applicable, your installation type.
  3. In the Command-line interface section, select MacOS from the drop-down menu and click Download command-line tools.
  4. Unpack and unzip the archive.
  5. Move the oc binary to a directory on your PATH.

    To check your PATH, open a terminal and execute the following command:

    $ echo $PATH

After you install the CLI, it is available using the oc command:

$ oc <command>

1.5.8. Logging in to the cluster

You can log in to your cluster as a default system user by exporting the cluster kubeconfig file. The kubeconfig file contains information about the cluster that is used by the CLI to connect a client to the correct cluster and API server. The file is specific to a cluster and is created during OpenShift Container Platform installation.

Prerequisites

  • Deploy an OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
  • Install the oc CLI.

Procedure

  1. Export the kubeadmin credentials:

    $ export KUBECONFIG=<installation_directory>/auth/kubeconfig 1
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.
  2. Verify you can run oc commands successfully using the exported configuration:

    $ oc whoami
    system:admin

1.5.9. Next steps

1.6. Installing a private cluster on GCP

In OpenShift Container Platform version 4.3, you can install a private cluster into an existing VPC on Google Cloud Platform (GCP). The installation program provisions the rest of the required infrastructure, which you can further customize. To customize the installation, you modify parameters in the install-config.yaml file before you install the cluster.

1.6.1. Prerequisites

1.6.2. Private clusters

If your environment does not require an external internet connection, you can deploy a private OpenShift Container Platform cluster that does not expose external endpoints. Private clusters are accessible from only an internal network and are not visible to the Internet.

By default, OpenShift Container Platform is provisioned to use publicly-accessible DNS and endpoints. A private cluster sets the DNS, Ingress Controller, and API server to private when you deploy your cluster. This means that the cluster resources are only accessible from your internal network and are not visible to the internet.

To deploy a private cluster, you must use existing networking that meets your requirements. Your cluster resources might be shared between other clusters on the network.

Additionally, you must deploy a private cluster from a machine that has access the API services for the cloud you provision to, the hosts on the network that you provision, and to the internet to obtain installation media. You can use any machine that meets these access requirements and follows your company’s guidelines. For example, this machine can be a bastion host on your cloud network or a machine that has access to the network through a VPN.

1.6.2.1. Private clusters in GCP

To create a private cluster on Google Cloud Platform (GCP), you must provide an existing private VPC and subnets to host the cluster. The installation program must also be able to resolve the DNS records that the cluster requires. The installation program configures the Ingress Operator and API server for only internal traffic.

The cluster still requires access to Internet to access the GCP APIs.

The following items are not required or created when you install a private cluster:

  • Public subnets
  • Public network load balancers, which support public ingress
  • A public DNS zone that matches the baseDomain for the cluster

The installation program does use the baseDomain that you specify to create a private DNS zone and the required records for the cluster. The cluster is configured so that the Operators do not create public records for the cluster and all cluster machines are placed in the private subnets that you specify.

Because it is not possible to limit access to external load balancers based on source tags, the private cluster uses only internal load balancers to allow access to internal instances.

The internal load balancer relies on Instance Groups rather than the Target Pools that the network load balancers use. The installation program creates instance groups for each zone, even if there is no instance in that group.

  • The cluster IP address is internal only.
  • One forwarding rule manages both the Kubernetes API and Machine config server ports.
  • The backend service is comprised of each zone’s instance group and, while it exists, the bootstrap instance group.
  • The firewall uses a single rule that is based on only internal source ranges.
1.6.2.1.1. Limitations

No health check for the Machine config server, /healthz, runs because of a difference in load balancer functionality. Two internal load balancers cannot share a single IP address, but two network load balaners can share a single external IP address. Instead, the health of an instance is determined entirely by the /readyz check on port 6443.

1.6.3. About using a custom VPC

In OpenShift Container Platform 4.3, you can deploy a cluster into an existing VPC in Google Cloud Platform (GCP). If you do, you must also use existing subnets within the VPC and routing rules.

By deploying OpenShift Container Platform into an existing GCP VPC, you might be able to avoid limit constraints in new accounts or more easily abide by the operational constraints that your company’s guidelines set. This is a good option to use if you cannot obtain the infrastructure creation permissions that are required to create the VPC yourself.

1.6.3.1. Requirements for using your VPC

The installation program will no longer create the following components: * VPC * Subnets * Cloud Router * Cloud NAT * NAT IP addresses

If you use a custom VPC, you must correctly configure it and its subnets for the installation program and the cluster to use. The installation program cannot subdivide network ranges for the cluster to use, set route tables for the subnets, or set VPC options like DHCP, so you must do so before you install the cluster.

Your VPC and subnets must meet the following characteristics:

  • The VPC must be in the same GCP project that you deploy the OpenShift Container Platform cluster to.
  • To allow access to the internet from the control plane and compute machines, you must configure Cloud NAT on the subnets to allow egress to it. These machines do not have a public address. Even if you do not require access to the internet, you must allow egress to the VPC network to obtain the installation program and images. Because multiple Cloud NATs cannot be configured on the shared subnets, the installation program cannot configure it.

To ensure that the subnets that you provide are suitable, the installation program confirms the following data:

  • All the subnets that you specify exist and belong to the VPC that you specified.
  • The subnet CIDRs belong to the machine CIDR.
  • You must provide a subnet to deploy the cluster control plane and compute machines to. You can use the same subnet for both machine types.

If you destroy a cluster that uses an existing VPC, the VPC is not deleted.

1.6.3.2. Division of permissions

Starting with OpenShift Container Platform 4.3, you do not need all of the permissions that are required for an installation program-provisioned infrastructure cluster to deploy a cluster. This change mimics the division of permissions that you might have at your company: some individuals can create different resources in your clouds than others. For example, you might be able to create application-specific items, like instances, buckets, and load balancers, but not networking-related components such as VPCs, subnets, or ingress rules.

The GCP credentials that you use when you create your cluster do not need the networking permissions that are required to make VPCs and core networking components within the VPC, such as subnets, routing tables, internet gateways, NAT, and VPN. You still need permission to make the application resources that the machines within the cluster require, such as load balancers, security groups, storage, and nodes.

1.6.3.3. Isolation between clusters

If you deploy OpenShift Container Platform to an existing network, the isolation of cluster services is preserved by firewall rules that reference the machines in your cluster by the cluster’s infrastructure ID. Only traffic within the cluster is allowed.

If you deploy multiple clusters to the same VPC, the following components might share access between clusters:

  • The API, which is globally available with an external publishing strategy or available throughout the network in an internal publishing strategy
  • Debugging tools, such as ports on VM instances that are open to the machineCidr for SSH and ICMP access

1.6.4. Internet and Telemetry access for OpenShift Container Platform

In OpenShift Container Platform 4.3, you require access to the internet to install your cluster. The Telemetry service, which runs by default to provide metrics about cluster health and the success of updates, also requires internet access. If your cluster is connected to the internet, Telemetry runs automatically, and your cluster is registered to the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager (OCM).

Once you confirm that your Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager inventory is correct, either maintained automatically by Telemetry or manually using OCM, use subscription watch to track your OpenShift Container Platform subscriptions at the account or multi-cluster level.

You must have internet access to:

  • Access the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager page to download the installation program and perform subscription management. If the cluster has internet access and you do not disable Telemetry, that service automatically entitles your cluster.
  • Access Quay.io to obtain the packages that are required to install your cluster.
  • Obtain the packages that are required to perform cluster updates.
Important

If your cluster cannot have direct internet access, you can perform a restricted network installation on some types of infrastructure that you provision. During that process, you download the content that is required and use it to populate a mirror registry with the packages that you need to install a cluster and generate the installation program. With some installation types, the environment that you install your cluster in will not require internet access. Before you update the cluster, you update the content of the mirror registry.

1.6.5. Generating an SSH private key and adding it to the agent

If you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery on your cluster, you must provide an SSH key to both your ssh-agent and to the installation program.

Note

In a production environment, you require disaster recovery and debugging.

You can use this key to SSH into the master nodes as the user core. When you deploy the cluster, the key is added to the core user’s ~/.ssh/authorized_keys list.

Note

You must use a local key, not one that you configured with platform-specific approaches such as AWS key pairs.

Procedure

  1. If you do not have an SSH key that is configured for password-less authentication on your computer, create one. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:

    $ ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -N '' \
        -f <path>/<file_name> 1
    1
    Specify the path and file name, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa, of the SSH key. Do not specify an existing SSH key, as it will be overwritten.

    Running this command generates an SSH key that does not require a password in the location that you specified.

  2. Start the ssh-agent process as a background task:

    $ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
    
    Agent pid 31874
  3. Add your SSH private key to the ssh-agent:

    $ ssh-add <path>/<file_name> 1
    
    Identity added: /home/<you>/<path>/<file_name> (<computer_name>)
    1
    Specify the path and file name for your SSH private key, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa

Next steps

  • When you install OpenShift Container Platform, provide the SSH public key to the installation program.

1.6.6. Obtaining the installation program

Before you install OpenShift Container Platform, download the installation file on a local computer.

Prerequisites

  • You must install the cluster from a computer that uses Linux or macOS.
  • You need 500 MB of local disk space to download the installation program.

Procedure

  1. Access the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site. If you have a Red Hat account, log in with your credentials. If you do not, create an account.
  2. Navigate to the page for your installation type, download the installation program for your operating system, and place the file in the directory where you will store the installation configuration files.

    Important

    The installation program creates several files on the computer that you use to install your cluster. You must keep both the installation program and the files that the installation program creates after you finish installing the cluster.

    Important

    Deleting the files created by the installation program does not remove your cluster, even if the cluster failed during installation. You must complete the OpenShift Container Platform uninstallation procedures outlined for your specific cloud provider to remove your cluster entirely.

  3. Extract the installation program. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:

    $ tar xvf <installation_program>.tar.gz
  4. From the Pull Secret page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site, download your installation pull secret as a .txt file. This pull secret allows you to authenticate with the services that are provided by the included authorities, including Quay.io, which serves the container images for OpenShift Container Platform components.

1.6.7. Creating the installation configuration file

You can customize your installation of OpenShift Container Platform on

Prerequisites

  • Obtain the OpenShift Container Platform installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.

Procedure

  1. Create the install-config.yaml file.

    1. Run the following command:

      $ ./openshift-install create install-config --dir=<installation_directory> 1
      1
      For <installation_directory>, specify the directory name to store the files that the installation program creates.
      Important

      Specify an empty directory. Some installation assets, like bootstrap X.509 certificates have short expiration intervals, so you must not reuse an installation directory. If you want to reuse individual files from another cluster installation, you can copy them into your directory. However, the file names for the installation assets might change between releases. Use caution when copying installation files from an earlier OpenShift Container Platform version.

    2. At the prompts, provide the configuration details for your cloud:

      1. Optional: Select an SSH key to use to access your cluster machines.

        Note

        For production OpenShift Container Platform clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery on, specify an SSH key that your ssh-agent process uses.

      2. Enter a descriptive name for your cluster.
      3. Paste the pull secret that you obtained from the Pull Secret page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Modify the install-config.yaml file. You can find more information about the available parameters in the Installation configuration parameters section.
  3. Back up the install-config.yaml file so that you can use it to install multiple clusters.

    Important

    The install-config.yaml file is consumed during the installation process. If you want to reuse the file, you must back it up now.

1.6.7.1. Installation configuration parameters

Before you deploy an OpenShift Container Platform cluster, you provide parameter values to describe your account on the cloud platform that hosts your cluster and optionally customize your cluster’s platform. When you create the install-config.yaml installation configuration file, you provide values for the required parameters through the command line. If you customize your cluster, you can modify the install-config.yaml file to provide more details about the platform.

Note

You cannot modify these parameters in the install-config.yaml file after installation.

Table 1.14. Required parameters

ParameterDescriptionValues

baseDomain

The base domain of your cloud provider. This value is used to create routes to your OpenShift Container Platform cluster components. The full DNS name for your cluster is a combination of the baseDomain and metadata.name parameter values that uses the <metadata.name>.<baseDomain> format.

A fully-qualified domain or subdomain name, such as example.com.

controlPlane.platform

The cloud provider to host the control plane machines. This parameter value must match the compute.platform parameter value.

aws, azure, gcp, openstack, or {}

compute.platform

The cloud provider to host the worker machines. This parameter value must match the controlPlane.platform parameter value.

aws, azure, gcp, openstack, or {}

metadata.name

The name of your cluster.

A string that contains uppercase or lowercase letters, such as dev.

platform.<platform>.region

The region to deploy your cluster in.

A valid region for your cloud, such as us-east-1 for AWS, centralus for Azure, or region1 for Red Hat OpenStack Platform (RHOSP).

pullSecret

The pull secret that you obtained from the Pull Secret page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site. You use this pull secret to authenticate with the services that are provided by the included authorities, including Quay.io, which serves the container images for OpenShift Container Platform components.

{
   "auths":{
      "cloud.openshift.com":{
         "auth":"b3Blb=",
         "email":"you@example.com"
      },
      "quay.io":{
         "auth":"b3Blb=",
         "email":"you@example.com"
      }
   }
}

Table 1.15. Optional parameters

ParameterDescriptionValues

sshKey

The SSH key to use to access your cluster machines.

Note

For production OpenShift Container Platform clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery on, specify an SSH key that your ssh-agent process uses.

A valid, local public SSH key that you added to the ssh-agent process.

fips

Whether to enable or disable FIPS mode. By default, FIPS mode is not enabled. If FIPS mode is enabled, the Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) machines that OpenShift Container Platform runs on bypass the default Kubernetes cryptography suite and use the cryptography modules that are provided with RHCOS instead.

false or true

publish

How to publish the user-facing endpoints of your cluster.

Internal or External. Set publish to Internal to deploy a private cluster, which cannot be accessed from the internet. The default value is External.

compute.hyperthreading

Whether to enable or disable simultaneous multithreading, or hyperthreading, on compute machines. By default, simultaneous multithreading is enabled to increase the performance of your machines' cores.

Important

If you disable simultaneous multithreading, ensure that your capacity planning accounts for the dramatically decreased machine performance.

Enabled or Disabled

compute.replicas

The number of compute machines, which are also known as worker machines, to provision.

A positive integer greater than or equal to 2. The default value is 3.

controlPlane.hyperthreading

Whether to enable or disable simultaneous multithreading, or hyperthreading, on control plane machines. By default, simultaneous multithreading is enabled to increase the performance of your machines' cores.

Important

If you disable simultaneous multithreading, ensure that your capacity planning accounts for the dramatically decreased machine performance.

Enabled or Disabled

controlPlane.replicas

The number of control plane machines to provision.

A positive integer greater than or equal to 3. The default value is 3.

Table 1.16. Additional Google Cloud Platform (GCP) parameters

ParameterDescriptionValues

platform.gcp.network

The name of the existing VPC that you want to deploy your cluster to.

String.

platform.gcp.type

The GCP machine type.

The GCP machine type.

platform.gcp.zones

The availability zones where the installation program creates machines for the specified MachinePool.

A list of valid GCP availability zones, such as us-central1-a, in a YAML sequence.

platform.gcp.controlPlaneSubnet

The name of the existing subnet in your VPC that you want to deploy your control plane machines to.

The subnet name.

platform.gcp.computeSubnet

The name of the existing subnet in your VPC that you want to deploy your compute machines to.

The subnet name.

1.6.7.2. Configuring the cluster-wide proxy during installation

Production environments can deny direct access to the Internet and instead have an HTTP or HTTPS proxy available. You can configure a new OpenShift Container Platform cluster to use a proxy by configuring the proxy settings in the install-config.yaml file.

Prerequisites

  • An existing install-config.yaml file.
  • Review the sites that your cluster requires access to and determine whether any need to bypass the proxy. By default, all cluster egress traffic is proxied, including calls to hosting cloud provider APIs. Add sites to the Proxy object’s spec.noProxy field to bypass the proxy if necessary.

    Note

    The Proxy object’s status.noProxy field is populated by default with the instance metadata endpoint (169.254.169.254) and with the values of the networking.machineCIDR, networking.clusterNetwork.cidr, and networking.serviceNetwork[] fields from your installation configuration.

Procedure

  1. Edit your install-config.yaml file and add the proxy settings. For example:

    apiVersion: v1
    baseDomain: my.domain.com
    proxy:
      httpProxy: http://<username>:<pswd>@<ip>:<port> 1
      httpsProxy: http://<username>:<pswd>@<ip>:<port> 2
      noProxy: example.com 3
    additionalTrustBundle: | 4
        -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
        <MY_TRUSTED_CA_CERT>
        -----END CERTIFICATE-----
    ...
    1
    A proxy URL to use for creating HTTP connections outside the cluster. The URL scheme must be http. If you use an MITM transparent proxy network that does not require additional proxy configuration but requires additional CAs, you must not specify an httpProxy value.
    2
    A proxy URL to use for creating HTTPS connections outside the cluster. If this field is not specified, then httpProxy is used for both HTTP and HTTPS connections. The URL scheme must be http; https is currently not supported. If you use an MITM transparent proxy network that does not require additional proxy configuration but requires additional CAs, you must not specify an httpsProxy value.
    3
    A comma-separated list of destination domain names, domains, IP addresses, or other network CIDRs to exclude proxying. Preface a domain with . to include all subdomains of that domain. Use * to bypass proxy for all destinations.
    4
    If provided, the installation program generates a ConfigMap that is named user-ca-bundle in the openshift-config namespace that contains one or more additional CA certificates that are required for proxying HTTPS connections. The Cluster Network Operator then creates a trusted-ca-bundle ConfigMap that merges these contents with the Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) trust bundle, and this ConfigMap is referenced in the Proxy object’s trustedCA field. The additionalTrustBundle field is required unless the proxy’s identity certificate is signed by an authority from the RHCOS trust bundle. If you use an MITM transparent proxy network that does not require additional proxy configuration but requires additional CAs, you must provide the MITM CA certificate.
    Note

    The installation program does not support the proxy readinessEndpoints field.

  2. Save the file and reference it when installing OpenShift Container Platform.

The installation program creates a cluster-wide proxy that is named cluster that uses the proxy settings in the provided install-config.yaml file. If no proxy settings are provided, a cluster Proxy object is still created, but it will have a nil spec.

Note

Only the Proxy object named cluster is supported, and no additional proxies can be created.

1.6.8. Deploy the cluster

You can install OpenShift Container Platform on a compatible cloud platform.

Important

You can run the create cluster command of the installation program only once, during initial installation.

Prerequisites

  • Configure an account with the cloud platform that hosts your cluster.
  • Obtain the OpenShift Container Platform installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.

Procedure

  1. Run the installation program:

    $ ./openshift-install create cluster --dir=<installation_directory> \ 1
        --log-level=info 2
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the
    2
    To view different installation details, specify warn, debug, or error instead of info.
    Note

    If the cloud provider account that you configured on your host does not have sufficient permissions to deploy the cluster, the installation process stops, and the missing permissions are displayed.

    When the cluster deployment completes, directions for accessing your cluster, including a link to its web console and credentials for the kubeadmin user, display in your terminal.

    Important

    The Ignition config files that the installation program generates contain certificates that expire after 24 hours. You must keep the cluster running for 24 hours in a non-degraded state to ensure that the first certificate rotation has finished.

    Important

    You must not delete the installation program or the files that the installation program creates. Both are required to delete the cluster.

1.6.9. Installing the CLI by downloading the binary

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) in order to interact with OpenShift Container Platform from a command-line interface. You can install oc on Linux, Windows, or macOS.

Important

If you installed an earlier version of oc, you cannot use it to complete all of the commands in OpenShift Container Platform 4.3. Download and install the new version of oc.

1.6.9.1. Installing the CLI on Linux

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary on Linux by using the following procedure.

Procedure

  1. Navigate to the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Select your infrastructure provider, and, if applicable, your installation type.
  3. In the Command-line interface section, select Linux from the drop-down menu and click Download command-line tools.
  4. Unpack the archive:

    $ tar xvzf <file>
  5. Place the oc binary in a directory that is on your PATH.

    To check your PATH, execute the following command:

    $ echo $PATH

After you install the CLI, it is available using the oc command:

$ oc <command>

1.6.9.2. Installing the CLI on Windows

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary on Windows by using the following procedure.

Procedure

  1. Navigate to the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Select your infrastructure provider, and, if applicable, your installation type.
  3. In the Command-line interface section, select Windows from the drop-down menu and click Download command-line tools.
  4. Unzip the archive with a ZIP program.
  5. Move the oc binary to a directory that is on your PATH.

    To check your PATH, open the command prompt and execute the following command:

    C:\> path

After you install the CLI, it is available using the oc command:

C:\> oc <command>

1.6.9.3. Installing the CLI on macOS

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary on macOS by using the following procedure.

Procedure

  1. Navigate to the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Select your infrastructure provider, and, if applicable, your installation type.
  3. In the Command-line interface section, select MacOS from the drop-down menu and click Download command-line tools.
  4. Unpack and unzip the archive.
  5. Move the oc binary to a directory on your PATH.

    To check your PATH, open a terminal and execute the following command:

    $ echo $PATH

After you install the CLI, it is available using the oc command:

$ oc <command>

1.6.10. Logging in to the cluster

You can log in to your cluster as a default system user by exporting the cluster kubeconfig file. The kubeconfig file contains information about the cluster that is used by the CLI to connect a client to the correct cluster and API server. The file is specific to a cluster and is created during OpenShift Container Platform installation.

Prerequisites

  • Deploy an OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
  • Install the oc CLI.

Procedure

  1. Export the kubeadmin credentials:

    $ export KUBECONFIG=<installation_directory>/auth/kubeconfig 1
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.
  2. Verify you can run oc commands successfully using the exported configuration:

    $ oc whoami
    system:admin

1.6.11. Next steps

1.7. Installing a cluster on GCP using Deployment Manager templates

In OpenShift Container Platform version 4.3, you can install a cluster on Google Cloud Platform (GCP) that uses infrastructure that you provide.

The steps for performing a user-provided infrastructure install are outlined here. Several Deployment Manager templates are provided to assist in completing these steps or to help model your own. You are also free to create the required resources through other methods; the templates are just an example.

1.7.1. Prerequisites

1.7.2. Certificate signing requests management

Because your cluster has limited access to automatic machine management when you use infrastructure that you provision, you must provide a mechanism for approving cluster certificate signing requests (CSRs) after installation. The kube-controller-manager only approves the kubelet client CSRs. The machine-approver cannot guarantee the validity of a serving certificate that is requested by using kubelet credentials because it cannot confirm that the correct machine issued the request. You must determine and implement a method of verifying the validity of the kubelet serving certificate requests and approving them.

1.7.3. Configuring your GCP project

Before you can install OpenShift Container Platform, you must configure a Google Cloud Platform (GCP) project to host it.

1.7.3.1. Creating a GCP project

To install OpenShift Container Platform, you must create a project in your Google Cloud Platform (GCP) account to host the cluster.

Procedure

1.7.3.2. Enabling API services in GCP

Your Google Cloud Platform (GCP) project requires access to several API services to complete OpenShift Container Platform installation.

Prerequisites

  • You created a project to host your cluster.

Procedure

  • Enable the following required API services in the project that hosts your cluster. See Enabling services in the GCP documentation.

    Table 1.17. Required API services

    API serviceConsole service name

    Cloud Deployment Manager V2 API

    deploymentmanager.googleapis.com

    Compute Engine API

    compute.googleapis.com

    Google Cloud APIs

    cloudapis.googleapis.com

    Cloud Resource Manager API

    cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com

    Google DNS API

    dns.googleapis.com

    IAM Service Account Credentials API

    iamcredentials.googleapis.com

    Identity and Access Management (IAM) API

    iam.googleapis.com

    Service Management API

    servicemanagement.googleapis.com

    Service Usage API

    serviceusage.googleapis.com

    Google Cloud Storage JSON API

    storage-api.googleapis.com

    Cloud Storage

    storage-component.googleapis.com

1.7.3.3. Configuring DNS for GCP

To install OpenShift Container Platform, the Google Cloud Platform (GCP) account you use must have a dedicated public hosted zone in the same project that you host the OpenShift Container Platform cluster. This zone must be authoritative for the domain. The DNS service provides cluster DNS resolution and name lookup for external connections to the cluster.

Procedure

  1. Identify your domain, or subdomain, and registrar. You can transfer an existing domain and registrar or obtain a new one through GCP or another source.

    Note

    If you purchase a new domain, it can take time for the relevant DNS changes to propagate. For more information about purchasing domains through Google, see Google Domains.

  2. Create a public hosted zone for your domain or subdomain in your GCP project. See Creating public zones in the GCP documentation.

    Use an appropriate root domain, such as openshiftcorp.com, or subdomain, such as clusters.openshiftcorp.com.

  3. Extract the new authoritative name servers from the hosted zone records. See Look up your Cloud DNS name servers in the GCP documentation.

    You typically have four name servers.

  4. Update the registrar records for the name servers that your domain uses. For example, if you registered your domain to Google Domains, see the following topic in the Google Domains Help: How to switch to custom name servers.
  5. If you migrated your root domain to Google Cloud DNS, migrate your DNS records. See Migrating to Cloud DNS in the GCP documentation.
  6. If you use a subdomain, follow your company’s procedures to add its delegation records to the parent domain. This process might include a request to your company’s IT department or the division that controls the root domain and DNS services for your company.

1.7.3.4. GCP account limits

The OpenShift Container Platform cluster uses a number of Google Cloud Platform (GCP) components, but the default Quotas do not affect your ability to install a default OpenShift Container Platform cluster.

A default cluster, which contains three compute and three control plane machines, uses the following resources. Note that some resources are required only during the bootstrap process and are removed after the cluster deploys.

Table 1.18. GCP resources used in a default cluster

ServiceComponentLocationTotal resources requiredResources removed after bootstrap

Service account

IAM

Global

5

0

Firewall Rules

Networking

Global

11

1

Forwarding Rules

Compute

Global

2

0

Health checks

Compute

Global

2

0

Images

Compute

Global

1

0

Networks

Networking

Global

1

0

Routers

Networking

Global

1

0

Routes

Networking

Global

2

0

Subnetworks

Compute

Global

2

0

Target Pools

Networking

Global

2

0

Note

If any of the quotas are insufficient during installation, the installation program displays an error that states both which quota was exceeded and the region.

Be sure to consider your actual cluster size, planned cluster growth, and any usage from other clusters that are associated with your account. The CPU, Static IP addresses, and Persistent Disk SSD (Storage) quotas are the ones that are most likely to be insufficient.

If you plan to deploy your cluster in one of the following regions, you will exceed the maximum storage quota and are likely to exceed the CPU quota limit:

  • asia-east2
  • asia-northeast2
  • asia-south1
  • australia-southeast1
  • europe-north1
  • europe-west2
  • europe-west3
  • europe-west6
  • northamerica-northeast1
  • southamerica-east1
  • us-west2

You can increase resource quotas from the GCP console, but you might need to file a support ticket. Be sure to plan your cluster size early so that you can allow time to resolve the support ticket before you install your OpenShift Container Platform cluster. :!template:

1.7.3.5. Creating a service account in GCP

OpenShift Container Platform requires a Google Cloud Platform (GCP) service account that provides authentication and authorization to access data in the Google APIs. If you do not have an existing IAM service account that contains the required roles in your project, you must create one.

Prerequisites

  • You created a project to host your cluster.

Procedure

  1. Create a service account in the project that you use to host your OpenShift Container Platform cluster. See Creating a service account in the GCP documentation.
  2. Grant the service account the appropriate permissions. You can either grant the individual permissions that follow or assign the Owner role to it. See Granting roles to a service account for specific resources.

    Note

    While making the service account an Owner of the project is the easiest way to gain the required permissions, it means that that service account has complete control over the project. You must determine if the risk that comes from offering that power is acceptable.

  3. Create the service account key in JSON format. See Creating service account keys in the GCP documentation.

    The service account key is required to create a cluster.

1.7.3.5.1. Required GCP permissions

When you attach the Owner role to the service account that you create, you grant that service account all permissions, including those that are required to install OpenShift Container Platform. To deploy an OpenShift Container Platform cluster, the service account requires the following permissions. If you deploy your cluster into an existing VPC, the service account does not require certain networking permissions, which are noted in the following lists:

Required roles for the installation program

  • Compute Admin
  • Security Admin
  • Service Account Admin
  • Service Account User
  • Storage Admin

Required roles for creating network resources during installation

  • DNS Administrator

Required roles for user-provisioned GCP infrastructure

  • Deployment Manager Editor
  • Service Account Key Admin

Optional roles

For the cluster to create new limited credentials for its Operators, add the following role:

  • Service Account Key Admin

The roles are applied to the service accounts that the control plane and compute machines use:

Table 1.19. GCP service account permissions

AccountRoles

Control Plane

roles/compute.instanceAdmin

roles/compute.networkAdmin

roles/compute.securityAdmin

roles/storage.admin

roles/iam.serviceAccountUser

Compute

roles/compute.viewer

roles/storage.admin

1.7.3.6. Supported GCP regions

You can deploy an OpenShift Container Platform cluster to the following Google Cloud Platform (GCP) regions:

  • asia-east1 (Changhua County, Taiwan)
  • asia-east2 (Hong Kong)
  • asia-northeast1 (Tokyo, Japan)
  • asia-northeast2 (Osaka, Japan)
  • asia-south1 (Mumbai, India)
  • asia-southeast1 (Jurong West, Singapore)
  • australia-southeast1 (Sydney, Australia)
  • europe-north1 (Hamina, Finland)
  • europe-west1 (St. Ghislain, Belgium)
  • europe-west2 (London, England, UK)
  • europe-west3 (Frankfurt, Germany)
  • europe-west4 (Eemshaven, Netherlands)
  • europe-west6 (Zürich, Switzerland)
  • northamerica-northeast1 (Montréal, Québec, Canada)
  • southamerica-east1 (São Paulo, Brazil)
  • us-central1 (Council Bluffs, Iowa, USA)
  • us-east1 (Moncks Corner, South Carolina, USA)
  • us-east4 (Ashburn, Northern Virginia, USA)
  • us-west1 (The Dalles, Oregon, USA)
  • us-west2 (Los Angeles, California, USA)

1.7.3.7. Installing and configuring CLI tools for GCP

To install OpenShift Container Platform on Google Cloud Platform (GCP) using user-provisioned infrastructure, you must install and configure the CLI tools for GCP.

Prerequisites

  • You created a project to host your cluster.
  • You created a service account and granted it the required permissions.

Procedure

  1. Install the following binaries in $PATH:

    • gcloud
    • gsutil

    See Install the latest Cloud SDK version in the GCP documentation.

  2. Authenticate using the gcloud tool with your configured service account.

1.7.4. Creating the installation files for GCP

To install OpenShift Container Platform on Google Cloud Platform (GCP) using user-provisioned infrastructure, you must generate the files that the installation program needs to deploy your cluster and modify them so that the cluster creates only the machines that it will use. You generate and customize the install-config.yaml file, Kubernetes manifests, and Ignition config files.

1.7.4.1. Creating the installation configuration file

You can customize your installation of OpenShift Container Platform on Google Cloud Platform (GCP).

Prerequisites

  • Obtain the OpenShift Container Platform installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.

Procedure

  1. Create the install-config.yaml file.

    1. Run the following command:

      $ ./openshift-install create install-config --dir=<installation_directory> 1
      1
      For <installation_directory>, specify the directory name to store the files that the installation program creates.
      Important

      Specify an empty directory. Some installation assets, like bootstrap X.509 certificates have short expiration intervals, so you must not reuse an installation directory. If you want to reuse individual files from another cluster installation, you can copy them into your directory. However, the file names for the installation assets might change between releases. Use caution when copying installation files from an earlier OpenShift Container Platform version.

    2. At the prompts, provide the configuration details for your cloud:

      1. Optional: Select an SSH key to use to access your cluster machines.

        Note

        For production OpenShift Container Platform clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery on, specify an SSH key that your ssh-agent process uses.

      2. Select gcp as the platform to target.
      3. If you have not configured the service account key for your GCP account on your computer, you must obtain it from GCP and paste the contents of the file or enter the absolute path to the file.
      4. Select the project ID to provision the cluster in. The default value is specified by the service account that you configured.
      5. Select the region to deploy the cluster to.
      6. Select the base domain to deploy the cluster to. The base domain corresponds to the public DNS zone that you created for your cluster.
      7. Enter a descriptive name for your cluster. If you provide a name that is longer than 6 characters, only the first 6 characters will be used in the infrastructure ID that is generated from the cluster name.
      8. Paste the pull secret that you obtained from the Pull Secret page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
    3. Optional: If you do not want the cluster to provision compute machines, empty the compute pool by editing the resulting install-config.yaml file to set replicas to 0 for the compute pool:

      compute:
      - hyperthreading: Enabled
        name: worker
        platform: {}
        replicas: 0 1
      1
      Set to 0.
  2. Modify the install-config.yaml file. You can find more information about the available parameters in the Installation configuration parameters section.
  3. Back up the install-config.yaml file so that you can use it to install multiple clusters.

    Important

    The install-config.yaml file is consumed during the installation process. If you want to reuse the file, you must back it up now.

1.7.4.2. Configuring the cluster-wide proxy during installation

Production environments can deny direct access to the Internet and instead have an HTTP or HTTPS proxy available. You can configure a new OpenShift Container Platform cluster to use a proxy by configuring the proxy settings in the install-config.yaml file.

Prerequisites

  • An existing install-config.yaml file.
  • Review the sites that your cluster requires access to and determine whether any need to bypass the proxy. By default, all cluster egress traffic is proxied, including calls to hosting cloud provider APIs. Add sites to the Proxy object’s spec.noProxy field to bypass the proxy if necessary.

    Note

    The Proxy object’s status.noProxy field is populated by default with the instance metadata endpoint (169.254.169.254) and with the values of the networking.machineCIDR, networking.clusterNetwork.cidr, and networking.serviceNetwork[] fields from your installation configuration.

Procedure

  1. Edit your install-config.yaml file and add the proxy settings. For example:

    apiVersion: v1
    baseDomain: my.domain.com
    proxy:
      httpProxy: http://<username>:<pswd>@<ip>:<port> 1
      httpsProxy: http://<username>:<pswd>@<ip>:<port> 2
      noProxy: example.com 3
    additionalTrustBundle: | 4
        -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
        <MY_TRUSTED_CA_CERT>
        -----END CERTIFICATE-----
    ...
    1
    A proxy URL to use for creating HTTP connections outside the cluster. The URL scheme must be http. If you use an MITM transparent proxy network that does not require additional proxy configuration but requires additional CAs, you must not specify an httpProxy value.
    2
    A proxy URL to use for creating HTTPS connections outside the cluster. If this field is not specified, then httpProxy is used for both HTTP and HTTPS connections. The URL scheme must be http; https is currently not supported. If you use an MITM transparent proxy network that does not require additional proxy configuration but requires additional CAs, you must not specify an httpsProxy value.
    3
    A comma-separated list of destination domain names, domains, IP addresses, or other network CIDRs to exclude proxying. Preface a domain with . to include all subdomains of that domain. Use * to bypass proxy for all destinations.
    4
    If provided, the installation program generates a ConfigMap that is named user-ca-bundle in the openshift-config namespace that contains one or more additional CA certificates that are required for proxying HTTPS connections. The Cluster Network Operator then creates a trusted-ca-bundle ConfigMap that merges these contents with the Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) trust bundle, and this ConfigMap is referenced in the Proxy object’s trustedCA field. The additionalTrustBundle field is required unless the proxy’s identity certificate is signed by an authority from the RHCOS trust bundle. If you use an MITM transparent proxy network that does not require additional proxy configuration but requires additional CAs, you must provide the MITM CA certificate.
    Note

    The installation program does not support the proxy readinessEndpoints field.

  2. Save the file and reference it when installing OpenShift Container Platform.

The installation program creates a cluster-wide proxy that is named cluster that uses the proxy settings in the provided install-config.yaml file. If no proxy settings are provided, a cluster Proxy object is still created, but it will have a nil spec.

Note

Only the Proxy object named cluster is supported, and no additional proxies can be created.

1.7.4.3. Creating the Kubernetes manifest and Ignition config files

Because you must modify some cluster definition files and manually start the cluster machines, you must generate the Kubernetes manifest and Ignition config files that the cluster needs to make its machines.

Important

The Ignition config files that the installation program generates contain certificates that expire after 24 hours. You must complete your cluster installation and keep the cluster running for 24 hours in a non-degraded state to ensure that the first certificate rotation has finished.

Prerequisites

  • Obtain the OpenShift Container Platform installation program.
  • Create the install-config.yaml installation configuration file.

Procedure

  1. Generate the Kubernetes manifests for the cluster:

    $ ./openshift-install create manifests --dir=<installation_directory> 1
    
    INFO Consuming Install Config from target directory
    WARNING Making control-plane schedulable by setting MastersSchedulable to true for Scheduler cluster settings
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the installation directory that contains the install-config.yaml file you created.

    Because you create your own compute machines later in the installation process, you can safely ignore this warning.

  2. Remove the Kubernetes manifest files that define the control plane machines:

    $ rm -f <installation_directory>/openshift/99_openshift-cluster-api_master-machines-*.yaml

    By removing these files, you prevent the cluster from automatically generating control plane machines.

  3. Optional: If you do not want the cluster to provision compute machines, remove the Kubernetes manifest files that define the worker machines:

    $ rm -f <installation_directory>/openshift/99_openshift-cluster-api_worker-machineset-*.yaml

    Because you create and manage the worker machines yourself, you do not need to initialize these machines.

  4. Modify the <installation_directory>/manifests/cluster-scheduler-02-config.yml Kubernetes manifest file to prevent Pods from being scheduled on the control plane machines:

    1. Open the <installation_directory>/manifests/cluster-scheduler-02-config.yml file.
    2. Locate the mastersSchedulable parameter and set its value to False.
    3. Save and exit the file.
    Note

    Currently, due to a Kubernetes limitation, router Pods running on control plane machines will not be reachable by the ingress load balancer. This step might not be required in a future minor version of OpenShift Container Platform.

  5. Optional: If you do not want the Ingress Operator to create DNS records on your behalf, remove the privateZone and publicZone sections from the <installation_directory>/manifests/cluster-dns-02-config.yml DNS configuration file:

    apiVersion: config.openshift.io/v1
    kind: DNS
    metadata:
      creationTimestamp: null
      name: cluster
    spec:
      baseDomain: example.openshift.com
      privateZone: 1
        id: mycluster-100419-private-zone
      publicZone: 2
        id: example.openshift.com
    status: {}
    1 2
    Remove these sections completely.

    If you do so, you must add ingress DNS records manually in a later step.

  6. Obtain the Ignition config files:

    $ ./openshift-install create ignition-configs --dir=<installation_directory> 1
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the same installation directory.

    The following files are generated in the directory:

    .
    ├── auth
    │   ├── kubeadmin-password
    │   └── kubeconfig
    ├── bootstrap.ign
    ├── master.ign
    ├── metadata.json
    └── worker.ign

1.7.5. Exporting common variables

1.7.5.1. Extracting the infrastructure name

The Ignition configs contain a unique cluster identifier that you can use to uniquely identify your cluster in Google Cloud Platform (GCP). The provided Deployment Manager templates contain references to this infrastructure name, so you must extract it.

Prerequisites

  • Obtain the OpenShift Container Platform installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.
  • Generate the Ignition config files for your cluster.
  • Install the jq package.

Procedure

  • To extract and view the infrastructure name from the Ignition config file metadata, run the following command:

    $ jq -r .infraID /<installation_directory>/metadata.json 1
    openshift-vw9j6 2
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.
    2
    The output of this command is your cluster name and a random string.

1.7.5.2. Exporting common variables for Deployment Manager templates

You must export a common set of variables that are used with the provided Deployment Manager templates used to assist in completing a user-provided infrastructure install on Google Cloud Platform (GCP).

Note

Specific Deployment Manager templates can also require additional exported variables, which are detailed in their related procedures.

Prerequisites

  • Obtain the OpenShift Container Platform installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.
  • Generate the Ignition config files for your cluster.
  • Install the jq package.

Procedure

  • Export the following common variables to be used by the provided Deployment Manager templates:

    $ export BASE_DOMAIN='<base_domain>'
    $ export BASE_DOMAIN_ZONE_NAME='<base_domain_zone_name>'
    $ export NETWORK_CIDR='10.0.0.0/16'
    $ export MASTER_SUBNET_CIDR='10.0.0.0/19'
    $ export WORKER_SUBNET_CIDR='10.0.32.0/19'
    
    $ export KUBECONFIG=<installation_directory>/auth/kubeconfig 1
    $ export CLUSTER_NAME=`jq -r .clusterName <installation_directory>/metadata.json`
    $ export INFRA_ID=`jq -r .infraID <installation_directory>/metadata.json`
    $ export PROJECT_NAME=`jq -r .gcp.projectID <installation_directory>/metadata.json`
    $ export REGION=`jq -r .gcp.region <installation_directory>/metadata.json`
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.

1.7.6. Creating a VPC in GCP

You must create a VPC in Google Cloud Platform (GCP) for your OpenShift Container Platform cluster to use. You can customize the VPC to meet your requirements. One way to create the VPC is to modify the provided Deployment Manager template.

Note

If you do not use the provided Deployment Manager template to create your GCP infrastructure, you must review the provided information and manually create the infrastructure. If your cluster does not initialize correctly, you might have to contact Red Hat support with your installation logs.

Prerequisites

  • Configure a GCP account.
  • Generate the Ignition config files for your cluster.

Procedure

  1. Copy the template from the Deployment Manager template for the VPC section of this topic and save it as 01_vpc.py on your computer. This template describes the VPC that your cluster requires.
  2. Create a 01_vpc.yaml resource definition file:

    $ cat <<EOF >01_vpc.yaml
    imports:
    - path: 01_vpc.py
    
    resources:
    - name: cluster-vpc
      type: 01_vpc.py
      properties:
        infra_id: '${INFRA_ID}' 1
        region: '${REGION}' 2
        master_subnet_cidr: '${MASTER_SUBNET_CIDR}' 3
        worker_subnet_cidr: '${WORKER_SUBNET_CIDR}' 4
    EOF
    1
    infra_id is the INFRA_ID infrastructure name from the extraction step.
    2
    region is the region to deploy the cluster into, for example us-east1.
    3
    master_subnet_cidr is the CIDR for the master subnet, for example 10.0.0.0/19.
    4
    worker_subnet_cidr is the CIDR for the worker subnet, for example 10.0.32.0/19.
  3. Create the deployment by using the gcloud CLI:

    $ gcloud deployment-manager deployments create ${INFRA_ID}-vpc --config 01_vpc.yaml

1.7.6.1. Deployment Manager template for the VPC

You can use the following Deployment Manager template to deploy the VPC that you need for your OpenShift Container Platform cluster:

01_vpc.py Deployment Manager template

def GenerateConfig(context):

    resources = [{
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-network',
        'type': 'compute.v1.network',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region'],
            'autoCreateSubnetworks': False
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master-subnet',
        'type': 'compute.v1.subnetwork',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region'],
            'network': '$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-network.selfLink)',
            'ipCidrRange': context.properties['master_subnet_cidr']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-worker-subnet',
        'type': 'compute.v1.subnetwork',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region'],
            'network': '$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-network.selfLink)',
            'ipCidrRange': context.properties['worker_subnet_cidr']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master-nat-ip',
        'type': 'compute.v1.address',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-worker-nat-ip',
        'type': 'compute.v1.address',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-router',
        'type': 'compute.v1.router',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region'],
            'network': '$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-network.selfLink)',
            'nats': [{
                'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-nat-master',
                'natIpAllocateOption': 'MANUAL_ONLY',
                'natIps': ['$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master-nat-ip.selfLink)'],
                'minPortsPerVm': 7168,
                'sourceSubnetworkIpRangesToNat': 'LIST_OF_SUBNETWORKS',
                'subnetworks': [{
                    'name': '$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master-subnet.selfLink)',
                    'sourceIpRangesToNat': ['ALL_IP_RANGES']
                }]
            }, {
                'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-nat-worker',
                'natIpAllocateOption': 'MANUAL_ONLY',
                'natIps': ['$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-worker-nat-ip.selfLink)'],
                'minPortsPerVm': 128,
                'sourceSubnetworkIpRangesToNat': 'LIST_OF_SUBNETWORKS',
                'subnetworks': [{
                    'name': '$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-worker-subnet.selfLink)',
                    'sourceIpRangesToNat': ['ALL_IP_RANGES']
                }]
            }]
        }
    }]

    return {'resources': resources}

1.7.7. Creating networking and load balancing components in GCP

You must configure networking and load balancing in Google Cloud Platform (GCP) for your OpenShift Container Platform cluster to use. One way to create these components is to modify the provided Deployment Manager template.

Note

If you do not use the provided Deployment Manager template to create your GCP infrastructure, you must review the provided information and manually create the infrastructure. If your cluster does not initialize correctly, you might have to contact Red Hat support with your installation logs.

Prerequisites

  • Configure a GCP account.
  • Generate the Ignition config files for your cluster.
  • Create and configure a VPC and associated subnets in GCP.

Procedure

  1. Copy the template from the Deployment Manager template for the network and load balancers section of this topic and save it as 02_infra.py on your computer. This template describes the networking and load balancing objects that your cluster requires.
  2. Export the following variable required by the resource definition:

    $ export CLUSTER_NETWORK=`gcloud compute networks describe ${INFRA_ID}-network --format json | jq -r .selfLink`
  3. Create a 02_infra.yaml resource definition file:

    $ cat <<EOF >02_infra.yaml
    imports:
    - path: 02_infra.py
    
    resources:
    - name: cluster-infra
      type: 02_infra.py
      properties:
        infra_id: '${INFRA_ID}' 1
        region: '${REGION}' 2
    
        cluster_domain: '${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}' 3
        cluster_network: '${CLUSTER_NETWORK}' 4
    EOF
    1
    infra_id is the INFRA_ID infrastructure name from the extraction step.
    2
    region is the region to deploy the cluster into, for example us-east1.
    3
    cluster_domain is the domain for the cluster, for example openshift.example.com.
    4
    cluster_network is the selfLink URL to the cluster network.
  4. Create the deployment by using the gcloud CLI:

    $ gcloud deployment-manager deployments create ${INFRA_ID}-infra --config 02_infra.yaml
  5. The templates do not create DNS entries due to limitations of Deployment Manager, so you must create them manually:

    1. Export the following variable:

      $ export CLUSTER_IP=`gcloud compute addresses describe ${INFRA_ID}-cluster-public-ip --region=${REGION} --format json | jq -r .address`
    2. Add external DNS entries:

      $ if [ -f transaction.yaml ]; then rm transaction.yaml; fi
      $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction start --zone ${BASE_DOMAIN_ZONE_NAME}
      $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction add ${CLUSTER_IP} --name api.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}. --ttl 60 --type A --zone ${BASE_DOMAIN_ZONE_NAME}
      $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction execute --zone ${BASE_DOMAIN_ZONE_NAME}
    3. Add internal DNS entries:

      $ if [ -f transaction.yaml ]; then rm transaction.yaml; fi
      $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction start --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone
      $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction add ${CLUSTER_IP} --name api.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}. --ttl 60 --type A --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone
      $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction add ${CLUSTER_IP} --name api-int.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}. --ttl 60 --type A --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone
      $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction execute --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone

1.7.7.1. Deployment Manager template for the network and load balancers

You can use the following Deployment Manager template to deploy the networking objects and load balancers that you need for your OpenShift Container Platform cluster:

02_infra.py Deployment Manager template

def GenerateConfig(context):

    resources = [{
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-cluster-public-ip',
        'type': 'compute.v1.address',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-api-http-health-check',
        'type': 'compute.v1.httpHealthCheck',
        'properties': {
            'port': 6080,
            'requestPath': '/readyz'
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-api-target-pool',
        'type': 'compute.v1.targetPool',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region'],
            'healthChecks': ['$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-api-http-health-check.selfLink)'],
            'instances': []
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-api-forwarding-rule',
        'type': 'compute.v1.forwardingRule',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region'],
            'IPAddress': '$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-cluster-public-ip.selfLink)',
            'target': '$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-api-target-pool.selfLink)',
            'portRange': '6443'
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-ign-http-health-check',
        'type': 'compute.v1.httpHealthCheck',
        'properties': {
            'port': 22624,
            'requestPath': '/healthz'
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-ign-target-pool',
        'type': 'compute.v1.targetPool',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region'],
            'healthChecks': ['$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-ign-http-health-check.selfLink)'],
            'instances': []
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-ign-forwarding-rule',
        'type': 'compute.v1.forwardingRule',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region'],
            'IPAddress': '$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-cluster-public-ip.selfLink)',
            'target': '$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-ign-target-pool.selfLink)',
            'portRange': '22623'
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-private-zone',
        'type': 'dns.v1.managedZone',
        'properties': {
            'description': '',
            'dnsName': context.properties['cluster_domain'] + '.',
            'visibility': 'private',
            'privateVisibilityConfig': {
                'networks': [{
                    'networkUrl': context.properties['cluster_network']
                }]
            }
        }
    }]

    return {'resources': resources}

1.7.8. Creating firewall rules and IAM roles in GCP

You must create security groups and roles in Google Cloud Platform (GCP) for your OpenShift Container Platform cluster to use. One way to create these components is to modify the provided Deployment Manager template.

Note

If you do not use the provided Deployment Manager template to create your GCP infrastructure, you must review the provided information and manually create the infrastructure. If your cluster does not initialize correctly, you might have to contact Red Hat support with your installation logs.

Prerequisites

  • Configure a GCP account.
  • Generate the Ignition config files for your cluster.
  • Create and configure a VPC and associated subnets in GCP.

Procedure

  1. Copy the template from the Deployment Manager template for firewall rules and IAM roles section of this topic and save it as 03_security.py on your computer. This template describes the security groups and roles that your cluster requires.
  2. Export the following variables required by the resource definition:

    $ export MASTER_NAT_IP=`gcloud compute addresses describe ${INFRA_ID}-master-nat-ip --region ${REGION} --format json | jq -r .address`
    $ export WORKER_NAT_IP=`gcloud compute addresses describe ${INFRA_ID}-worker-nat-ip --region ${REGION} --format json | jq -r .address`
  3. Create a 03_security.yaml resource definition file:

    $ cat <<EOF >03_security.yaml
    imports:
    - path: 03_security.py
    
    resources:
    - name: cluster-security
      type: 03_security.py
      properties:
        infra_id: '${INFRA_ID}' 1
        region: '${REGION}' 2
    
        cluster_network: '${CLUSTER_NETWORK}' 3
        network_cidr: '${NETWORK_CIDR}' 4
        master_nat_ip: '${MASTER_NAT_IP}' 5
        worker_nat_ip: '${WORKER_NAT_IP}' 6
    EOF
    1
    infra_id is the INFRA_ID infrastructure name from the extraction step.
    2
    region is the region to deploy the cluster into, for example us-east1.
    3
    cluster_network is the selfLink URL to the cluster network.
    4
    network_cidr is the CIDR of the VPC network, for example 10.0.0.0/16.
    5
    master_nat_ip is the IP address of the master NAT, for example 34.94.100.1.
    6
    worker_nat_ip is the IP address of the worker NAT, for example 34.94.200.1.
  4. Create the deployment by using the gcloud CLI:

    $ gcloud deployment-manager deployments create ${INFRA_ID}-security --config 03_security.yaml
  5. The templates do not create the policy bindings due to limitations of Deployment Manager, so you must create them manually:

    $ export MASTER_SA=${INFRA_ID}-m@${PROJECT_NAME}.iam.gserviceaccount.com
    $ gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding ${PROJECT_NAME} --member "serviceAccount:${MASTER_SA}" --role "roles/compute.instanceAdmin"
    $ gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding ${PROJECT_NAME} --member "serviceAccount:${MASTER_SA}" --role "roles/compute.networkAdmin"
    $ gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding ${PROJECT_NAME} --member "serviceAccount:${MASTER_SA}" --role "roles/compute.securityAdmin"
    $ gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding ${PROJECT_NAME} --member "serviceAccount:${MASTER_SA}" --role "roles/iam.serviceAccountUser"
    $ gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding ${PROJECT_NAME} --member "serviceAccount:${MASTER_SA}" --role "roles/storage.admin"
    
    $ export WORKER_SA=${INFRA_ID}-w@${PROJECT_NAME}.iam.gserviceaccount.com
    $ gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding ${PROJECT_NAME} --member "serviceAccount:${WORKER_SA}" --role "roles/compute.viewer"
    $ gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding ${PROJECT_NAME} --member "serviceAccount:${WORKER_SA}" --role "roles/storage.admin"
  6. Create a service account key and store it locally for later use:

    $ gcloud iam service-accounts keys create service-account-key.json --iam-account=${MASTER_SA}

1.7.8.1. Deployment Manager template for firewall rules and IAM roles

You can use the following Deployment Manager template to deploy the security objects that you need for your OpenShift Container Platform cluster:

03_security.py Deployment Manager template

def GenerateConfig(context):

    resources = [{
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-api',
        'type': 'compute.v1.firewall',
        'properties': {
            'network': context.properties['cluster_network'],
            'allowed': [{
                'IPProtocol': 'tcp',
                'ports': ['6443']
            }],
            'sourceRanges':  ['0.0.0.0/0'],
            'targetTags': [context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-mcs',
        'type': 'compute.v1.firewall',
        'properties': {
            'network': context.properties['cluster_network'],
            'allowed': [{
                'IPProtocol': 'tcp',
                'ports': ['22623']
            }],
            'sourceRanges':  [
                context.properties['network_cidr'],
                context.properties['master_nat_ip'],
                context.properties['worker_nat_ip']
            ],
            'targetTags': [context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-health-checks',
        'type': 'compute.v1.firewall',
        'properties': {
            'network': context.properties['cluster_network'],
            'allowed': [{
                'IPProtocol': 'tcp',
                'ports': ['6080', '22624']
            }],
            'sourceRanges':  ['35.191.0.0/16', '209.85.152.0/22', '209.85.204.0/22'],
            'targetTags': [context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-etcd',
        'type': 'compute.v1.firewall',
        'properties': {
            'network': context.properties['cluster_network'],
            'allowed': [{
                'IPProtocol': 'tcp',
                'ports': ['2379-2380']
            }],
            'sourceTags': [context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master'],
            'targetTags': [context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-control-plane',
        'type': 'compute.v1.firewall',
        'properties': {
            'network': context.properties['cluster_network'],
            'allowed': [{
                'IPProtocol': 'tcp',
                'ports': ['10257']
            },{
                'IPProtocol': 'tcp',
                'ports': ['10259']
            }],
            'sourceTags': [
                context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master',
                context.properties['infra_id'] + '-worker'
            ],
            'targetTags': [context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-internal-network',
        'type': 'compute.v1.firewall',
        'properties': {
            'network': context.properties['cluster_network'],
            'allowed': [{
                'IPProtocol': 'icmp'
            },{
                'IPProtocol': 'tcp',
                'ports': ['22']
            }],
            'sourceRanges':  [context.properties['network_cidr']],
            'targetTags': [
                context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master',
                context.properties['infra_id'] + '-worker'
            ]
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-internal-cluster',
        'type': 'compute.v1.firewall',
        'properties': {
            'network': context.properties['cluster_network'],
            'allowed': [{
                'IPProtocol': 'udp',
                'ports': ['4789', '6081']
            },{
                'IPProtocol': 'tcp',
                'ports': ['9000-9999']
            },{
                'IPProtocol': 'udp',
                'ports': ['9000-9999']
            },{
                'IPProtocol': 'tcp',
                'ports': ['10250']
            },{
                'IPProtocol': 'tcp',
                'ports': ['30000-32767']
            },{
                'IPProtocol': 'udp',
                'ports': ['30000-32767']
            }],
            'sourceTags': [
                context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master',
                context.properties['infra_id'] + '-worker'
            ],
            'targetTags': [
                context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master',
                context.properties['infra_id'] + '-worker'
            ]
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master-node-sa',
        'type': 'iam.v1.serviceAccount',
        'properties': {
            'accountId': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-m',
            'displayName': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master-node'
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-worker-node-sa',
        'type': 'iam.v1.serviceAccount',
        'properties': {
            'accountId': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-w',
            'displayName': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-worker-node'
        }
    }]

    return {'resources': resources}

1.7.9. Creating the RHCOS cluster image for the GCP infrastructure

You must use a valid Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) image for Google Cloud Platform (GCP) for your OpenShift Container Platform nodes.

Procedure

  1. Obtain the RHCOS image from the Product Downloads page on the Red Hat customer portal or the RHCOS image mirror page.

    Important

    The RHCOS images might not change with every release of OpenShift Container Platform. You must download an image with the highest version that is less than or equal to the OpenShift Container Platform version that you install. Use the image version that matches your OpenShift Container Platform version if it is available.

    The file name contains the OpenShift Container Platform version number in the format rhcos-<version>-gcp.tar.

  2. Export the following variable:

    $ export IMAGE_SOURCE=<downloaded_image_file_path>
  3. Create the cluster image:

    $ gcloud compute images create "${INFRA_ID}-rhcos-image" \
        --source-uri="${IMAGE_SOURCE}"

1.7.10. Creating the bootstrap machine in GCP

You must create the bootstrap machine in Google Cloud Platform (GCP) to use during OpenShift Container Platform cluster initialization. One way to create this machine is to modify the provided Deployment Manager template.

Note

If you do not use the provided Deployment Manager template to create your bootstrap machine, you must review the provided information and manually create the infrastructure. If your cluster does not initialize correctly, you might have to contact Red Hat support with your installation logs.

Prerequisites

  • Configure a GCP account.
  • Generate the Ignition config files for your cluster.
  • Create and configure a VPC and associated subnets in GCP.
  • Create and configure networking and load balancers in GCP.
  • Create control plane and compute roles.

Procedure

  1. Copy the template from the Deployment Manager template for the bootstrap machine section of this topic and save it as 04_bootstrap.py on your computer. This template describes the bootstrap machine that your cluster requires.
  2. Export the following variables required by the resource definition:

    $ export CONTROL_SUBNET=`gcloud compute networks subnets describe ${INFRA_ID}-master-subnet --region=${REGION} --format json | jq -r .selfLink`
    $ export CLUSTER_IMAGE=`gcloud compute images describe ${INFRA_ID}-rhcos-image --format json | jq -r .selfLink`
    $ export ZONE_0=`gcloud compute regions describe ${REGION} --format=json | jq -r .zones[0] | cut -d "/" -f9`
    $ export ZONE_1=`gcloud compute regions describe ${REGION} --format=json | jq -r .zones[1] | cut -d "/" -f9`
    $ export ZONE_2=`gcloud compute regions describe ${REGION} --format=json | jq -r .zones[2] | cut -d "/" -f9`
  3. Create a bucket and upload the bootstrap.ign file:

    $ gsutil mb gs://${INFRA_ID}-bootstrap-ignition
    $ gsutil cp bootstrap.ign gs://${INFRA_ID}-bootstrap-ignition/
  4. Create a signed URL for the bootstrap instance to use to access the Ignition config. Export the URL from the output as a variable:

    $ export BOOTSTRAP_IGN=`gsutil signurl -d 1h service-account-key.json \
        gs://${INFRA_ID}-bootstrap-ignition/bootstrap.ign | grep "^gs:" | awk '{print $5}'`
  5. Create a 04_bootstrap.yaml resource definition file:

    $ cat <<EOF >04_bootstrap.yaml
    imports:
    - path: 04_bootstrap.py
    
    resources:
    - name: cluster-bootstrap
      type: 04_bootstrap.py
      properties:
        infra_id: '${INFRA_ID}' 1
        region: '${REGION}' 2
        zone: '${ZONE_0}' 3
    
        cluster_network: '${CLUSTER_NETWORK}' 4
        control_subnet: '${CONTROL_SUBNET}' 5
        image: '${CLUSTER_IMAGE}' 6
        machine_type: 'n1-standard-4' 7
        root_volume_size: '128' 8
    
        bootstrap_ign: '${BOOTSTRAP_IGN}' 9
    EOF
    1
    infra_id is the INFRA_ID infrastructure name from the extraction step.
    2
    region is the region to deploy the cluster into, for example us-east1.
    3
    zone is the zone to deploy the bootstrap instance into, for example us-east1-b.
    4
    cluster_network is the selfLink URL to the cluster network.
    5
    control_subnet is the selfLink URL to the control subnet.
    6
    image is the selfLink URL to the RHCOS image.
    7
    machine_type is the machine type of the instance, for example n1-standard-4.
    8
    bootstrap_ign is the URL output when creating a signed URL above.
  6. Create the deployment by using the gcloud CLI:

    $ gcloud deployment-manager deployments create ${INFRA_ID}-bootstrap --config 04_bootstrap.yaml
  7. The templates do not manage load balancer membership due to limitations of Deployment Manager, so you must add the bootstrap machine manually:

    $ gcloud compute target-pools add-instances \
        ${INFRA_ID}-api-target-pool --instances-zone="${ZONE_0}" --instances=${INFRA_ID}-bootstrap
    $ gcloud compute target-pools add-instances \
        ${INFRA_ID}-ign-target-pool --instances-zone="${ZONE_0}" --instances=${INFRA_ID}-bootstrap

1.7.10.1. Deployment Manager template for the bootstrap machine

You can use the following Deployment Mananger template to deploy the bootstrap machine that you need for your OpenShift Container Platform cluster:

04_bootstrap.py Deployment Manager template

def GenerateConfig(context):

    resources = [{
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-bootstrap-public-ip',
        'type': 'compute.v1.address',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-bootstrap-in-ssh',
        'type': 'compute.v1.firewall',
        'properties': {
            'network': context.properties['cluster_network'],
            'allowed': [{
                'IPProtocol': 'tcp',
                'ports': ['22']
            }],
            'sourceRanges':  ['0.0.0.0/0'],
            'targetTags': [context.properties['infra_id'] + '-bootstrap']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-bootstrap',
        'type': 'compute.v1.instance',
        'properties': {
            'disks': [{
                'autoDelete': True,
                'boot': True,
                'initializeParams': {
                    'diskSizeGb': context.properties['root_volume_size'],
                    'sourceImage': context.properties['image']
                }
            }],
            'machineType': 'zones/' + context.properties['zone'] + '/machineTypes/' + context.properties['machine_type'],
            'metadata': {
                'items': [{
                    'key': 'user-data',
                    'value': '{"ignition":{"config":{"replace":{"source":"' + context.properties['bootstrap_ign'] + '","verification":{}}},"timeouts":{},"version":"2.1.0"},"networkd":{},"passwd":{},"storage":{},"systemd":{}}',
                }]
            },
            'networkInterfaces': [{
                'subnetwork': context.properties['control_subnet'],
                'accessConfigs': [{
                    'natIP': '$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-bootstrap-public-ip.address)'
                }]
            }],
            'tags': {
                'items': [
                    context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master',
                    context.properties['infra_id'] + '-bootstrap'
                ]
            },
            'zone': context.properties['zone']
        }
    }]

    return {'resources': resources}

1.7.11. Creating the control plane machines in GCP

You must create the control plane machines in Google Cloud Platform (GCP) for your cluster to use. One way to create these machines is to modify the provided Deployment Manager template.

Note

If you do not use the provided Deployment Manager template to create your control plane machines, you must review the provided information and manually create the infrastructure. If your cluster does not initialize correctly, you might have to contact Red Hat support with your installation logs.

Prerequisites

  • Configure a GCP account.
  • Generate the Ignition config files for your cluster.
  • Create and configure a VPC and associated subnets in GCP.
  • Create and configure networking and load balancers in GCP.
  • Create control plane and compute roles.
  • Create the bootstrap machine.

Procedure

  1. Copy the template from the Deployment Manager template for control plane machines section of this topic and save it as 05_control_plane.py on your computer. This template describes the control plane machines that your cluster requires.
  2. Export the following variables needed by the resource definition:

    $ export MASTER_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_EMAIL=`gcloud iam service-accounts list | grep "^${INFRA_ID}-master-node " | awk '{print $2}'`
    $ export MASTER_IGNITION=`cat master.ign`
  3. Create a 05_control_plane.yaml resource definition file:

    $ cat <<EOF >05_control_plane.yaml
    imports:
    - path: 05_control_plane.py
    
    resources:
    - name: cluster-control-plane
      type: 05_control_plane.py
      properties:
        infra_id: '${INFRA_ID}' 1
        zones: 2
        - '${ZONE_0}'
        - '${ZONE_1}'
        - '${ZONE_2}'
    
        control_subnet: '${CONTROL_SUBNET}' 3
        image: '${CLUSTER_IMAGE}' 4
        machine_type: 'n1-standard-4' 5
        root_volume_size: '128'
        service_account_email: '${MASTER_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_EMAIL}' 6
    
        ignition: '${MASTER_IGNITION}' 7
    EOF
    1
    infra_id is the INFRA_ID infrastructure name from the extraction step.
    2
    zones are the zones to deploy the control plane instances into, for example us-east1-b, us-east1-c, and us-east1-d.
    3
    control_subnet is the selfLink URL to the control subnet.
    4
    image is the selfLink URL to the RHCOS image.
    5
    machine_type is the machine type of the instance, for example n1-standard-4.
    6
    service_account_email is the email address for the master service account that you created.
    7
    ignition is the contents of the master.ign file.
  4. Create the deployment by using the gcloud CLI:

    $ gcloud deployment-manager deployments create ${INFRA_ID}-control-plane --config 05_control_plane.yaml
  5. The templates do not manage DNS entries due to limitations of Deployment Manager, so you must add the etcd entries manually:

    $ export MASTER0_IP=`gcloud compute instances describe ${INFRA_ID}-m-0 --zone ${ZONE_0} --format json | jq -r .networkInterfaces[0].networkIP`
    $ export MASTER1_IP=`gcloud compute instances describe ${INFRA_ID}-m-1 --zone ${ZONE_1} --format json | jq -r .networkInterfaces[0].networkIP`
    $ export MASTER2_IP=`gcloud compute instances describe ${INFRA_ID}-m-2 --zone ${ZONE_2} --format json | jq -r .networkInterfaces[0].networkIP`
    $ if [ -f transaction.yaml ]; then rm transaction.yaml; fi
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction start --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction add ${MASTER0_IP} --name etcd-0.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}. --ttl 60 --type A --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction add ${MASTER1_IP} --name etcd-1.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}. --ttl 60 --type A --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction add ${MASTER2_IP} --name etcd-2.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}. --ttl 60 --type A --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction add \
      "0 10 2380 etcd-0.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}." \
      "0 10 2380 etcd-1.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}." \
      "0 10 2380 etcd-2.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}." \
      --name _etcd-server-ssl._tcp.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}. --ttl 60 --type SRV --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction execute --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone
  6. The templates do not manage load balancer membership due to limitations of Deployment Manager, so you must add the control plane machines manually:

    $ gcloud compute target-pools add-instances ${INFRA_ID}-api-target-pool --instances-zone="${ZONE_0}" --instances=${INFRA_ID}-m-0
    $ gcloud compute target-pools add-instances ${INFRA_ID}-api-target-pool --instances-zone="${ZONE_1}" --instances=${INFRA_ID}-m-1
    $ gcloud compute target-pools add-instances ${INFRA_ID}-api-target-pool --instances-zone="${ZONE_2}" --instances=${INFRA_ID}-m-2
    $ gcloud compute target-pools add-instances ${INFRA_ID}-ign-target-pool --instances-zone="${ZONE_0}" --instances=${INFRA_ID}-m-0
    $ gcloud compute target-pools add-instances ${INFRA_ID}-ign-target-pool --instances-zone="${ZONE_1}" --instances=${INFRA_ID}-m-1
    $ gcloud compute target-pools add-instances ${INFRA_ID}-ign-target-pool --instances-zone="${ZONE_2}" --instances=${INFRA_ID}-m-2

1.7.11.1. Deployment Manager template for control plane machines

You can use the following Deployment Mananger template to deploy the control plane machines that you need for your OpenShift Container Platform cluster:

05_control_plane.py Deployment Manager template

def GenerateConfig(context):

    resources = [{
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-m-0',
        'type': 'compute.v1.instance',
        'properties': {
            'disks': [{
                'autoDelete': True,
                'boot': True,
                'initializeParams': {
                    'diskSizeGb': context.properties['root_volume_size'],
                    'diskType': 'zones/' + context.properties['zones'][0] + '/diskTypes/pd-ssd',
                    'sourceImage': context.properties['image']
                }
            }],
            'machineType': 'zones/' + context.properties['zones'][0] + '/machineTypes/' + context.properties['machine_type'],
            'metadata': {
                'items': [{
                    'key': 'user-data',
                    'value': context.properties['ignition']
                }]
            },
            'networkInterfaces': [{
                'subnetwork': context.properties['control_subnet']
            }],
            'serviceAccounts': [{
                'email': context.properties['service_account_email'],
                'scopes': ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform']
            }],
            'tags': {
                'items': [
                    context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master',
                ]
            },
            'zone': context.properties['zones'][0]
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-m-1',
        'type': 'compute.v1.instance',
        'properties': {
            'disks': [{
                'autoDelete': True,
                'boot': True,
                'initializeParams': {
                    'diskSizeGb': context.properties['root_volume_size'],
                    'diskType': 'zones/' + context.properties['zones'][1] + '/diskTypes/pd-ssd',
                    'sourceImage': context.properties['image']
                }
            }],
            'machineType': 'zones/' + context.properties['zones'][1] + '/machineTypes/' + context.properties['machine_type'],
            'metadata': {
                'items': [{
                    'key': 'user-data',
                    'value': context.properties['ignition']
                }]
            },
            'networkInterfaces': [{
                'subnetwork': context.properties['control_subnet']
            }],
            'serviceAccounts': [{
                'email': context.properties['service_account_email'],
                'scopes': ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform']
            }],
            'tags': {
                'items': [
                    context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master',
                ]
            },
            'zone': context.properties['zones'][1]
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-m-2',
        'type': 'compute.v1.instance',
        'properties': {
            'disks': [{
                'autoDelete': True,
                'boot': True,
                'initializeParams': {
                    'diskSizeGb': context.properties['root_volume_size'],
                    'diskType': 'zones/' + context.properties['zones'][2] + '/diskTypes/pd-ssd',
                    'sourceImage': context.properties['image']
                }
            }],
            'machineType': 'zones/' + context.properties['zones'][2] + '/machineTypes/' + context.properties['machine_type'],
            'metadata': {
                'items': [{
                    'key': 'user-data',
                    'value': context.properties['ignition']
                }]
            },
            'networkInterfaces': [{
                'subnetwork': context.properties['control_subnet']
            }],
            'serviceAccounts': [{
                'email': context.properties['service_account_email'],
                'scopes': ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform']
            }],
            'tags': {
                'items': [
                    context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master',
                ]
            },
            'zone': context.properties['zones'][2]
        }
    }]

    return {'resources': resources}

1.7.12. Wait for bootstrap completion and remove bootstrap resources in GCP

After you create all of the required infrastructure in Google Cloud Platform (GCP), wait for the bootstrap process to complete on the machines that you provisioned by using the Ignition config files that you generated with the installation program.

Prerequisites

  • Configure a GCP account.
  • Generate the Ignition config files for your cluster.
  • Create and configure a VPC and associated subnets in GCP.
  • Create and configure networking and load balancers in GCP.
  • Create control plane and compute roles.
  • Create the bootstrap machine.
  • Create the control plane machines.

Procedure

  1. Change to the directory that contains the installation program and run the following command:

    $ ./openshift-install wait-for bootstrap-complete --dir=<installation_directory> \ 1
        --log-level info 2
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.
    2
    To view different installation details, specify warn, debug, or error instead of info.

    If the command exits without a FATAL warning, your production control plane has initialized.

  2. Delete the bootstrap resources:

    $ gcloud compute target-pools remove-instances ${INFRA_ID}-api-target-pool --instances-zone="${ZONE_0}" --instances=${INFRA_ID}-bootstrap
    $ gcloud compute target-pools remove-instances ${INFRA_ID}-ign-target-pool --instances-zone="${ZONE_0}" --instances=${INFRA_ID}-bootstrap
    $ gsutil rm gs://${INFRA_ID}-bootstrap-ignition/bootstrap.ign
    $ gsutil rb gs://${INFRA_ID}-bootstrap-ignition
    $ gcloud deployment-manager deployments delete ${INFRA_ID}-bootstrap

1.7.13. Creating additional worker machines in GCP

You can create worker machines in Google Cloud Platform (GCP) for your cluster to use by launching individual instances discretely or by automated processes outside the cluster, such as Auto Scaling Groups. You can also take advantage of the built-in cluster scaling mechanisms and the machine API in OpenShift Container Platform.

In this example, you manually launch one instance by using the Deployment Manager template. Additional instances can be launched by including additional resources of type 06_worker.py in the file.

Note

If you do not use the provided Deployment Manager template to create your worker machines, you must review the provided information and manually create the infrastructure. If your cluster does not initialize correctly, you might have to contact Red Hat support with your installation logs.

Prerequisites

  • Configure a GCP account.
  • Generate the Ignition config files for your cluster.
  • Create and configure a VPC and associated subnets in GCP.
  • Create and configure networking and load balancers in GCP.
  • Create control plane and compute roles.
  • Create the bootstrap machine.
  • Create the control plane machines.

Procedure

  1. Copy the template from the Deployment Manager template for worker machines section of this topic and save it as 06_worker.py on your computer. This template describes the worker machines that your cluster requires.
  2. Export the following variables needed by the resource definition:

    $ export COMPUTE_SUBNET=`gcloud compute networks subnets describe ${INFRA_ID}-worker-subnet --region=${REGION} --format json | jq -r .selfLink`
    $ export WORKER_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_EMAIL=`gcloud iam service-accounts list | grep "^${INFRA_ID}-worker-node " | awk '{print $2}'`
    $ export WORKER_IGNITION=`cat worker.ign`
  3. Create a 06_worker.yaml resource definition file:

    $ cat <<EOF >06_worker.yaml
    imports:
    - path: 06_worker.py
    
    resources:
    - name: 'w-a-0' 1
      type: 06_worker.py
      properties:
        infra_id: '${INFRA_ID}' 2
        zone: '${ZONE_0}' 3
    
        compute_subnet: '${COMPUTE_SUBNET}' 4
        image: '${CLUSTER_IMAGE}' 5
        machine_type: 'n1-standard-4' 6
        root_volume_size: '128'
        service_account_email: '${WORKER_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_EMAIL}' 7
    
        ignition: '${WORKER_IGNITION}' 8
    EOF
    1
    name is the name of the worker machine, for example w-a-0.
    2
    infra_id is the INFRA_ID infrastructure name from the extraction step.
    3
    zone is the zone to deploy the worker machine into, for example us-east1-b.
    4
    compute_subnet is the selfLink URL to the compute subnet.
    5
    image is the selfLink URL to the RHCOS image.
    6
    machine_type is the machine type of the instance, for example n1-standard-4.
    7
    service_account_email is the email address for the worker service account that you created.
    8
    ignition is the contents of the worker.ign file.
  4. Optional: If you want to launch additional instances, include additional resources of type 06_worker.py in your 06_worker.yaml resource definition file.
  5. Create the deployment by using the gcloud CLI:

    $ gcloud deployment-manager deployments create ${INFRA_ID}-worker --config 06_worker.yaml

1.7.13.1. Deployment Manager template for worker machines

You can use the following Deloyment Manager template to deploy the worker machines that you need for your OpenShift Container Platform cluster:

06_worker.py Deployment Manager template

def GenerateConfig(context):

    resources = [{
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-' + context.env['name'],
        'type': 'compute.v1.instance',
        'properties': {
            'disks': [{
                'autoDelete': True,
                'boot': True,
                'initializeParams': {
                    'diskSizeGb': context.properties['root_volume_size'],
                    'sourceImage': context.properties['image']
                }
            }],
            'machineType': 'zones/' + context.properties['zone'] + '/machineTypes/' + context.properties['machine_type'],
            'metadata': {
                'items': [{
                    'key': 'user-data',
                    'value': context.properties['ignition']
                }]
            },
            'networkInterfaces': [{
                'subnetwork': context.properties['compute_subnet']
            }],
            'serviceAccounts': [{
                'email': context.properties['service_account_email'],
                'scopes': ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform']
            }],
            'tags': {
                'items': [
                    context.properties['infra_id'] + '-worker',
                ]
            },
            'zone': context.properties['zone']
        }
    }]

    return {'resources': resources}

1.7.14. Installing the CLI by downloading the binary

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) in order to interact with OpenShift Container Platform from a command-line interface. You can install oc on Linux, Windows, or macOS.

Important

If you installed an earlier version of oc, you cannot use it to complete all of the commands in OpenShift Container Platform 4.3. Download and install the new version of oc.

1.7.14.1. Installing the CLI on Linux

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary on Linux by using the following procedure.

Procedure

  1. Navigate to the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Select your infrastructure provider, and, if applicable, your installation type.
  3. In the Command-line interface section, select Linux from the drop-down menu and click Download command-line tools.
  4. Unpack the archive:

    $ tar xvzf <file>
  5. Place the oc binary in a directory that is on your PATH.

    To check your PATH, execute the following command:

    $ echo $PATH

After you install the CLI, it is available using the oc command:

$ oc <command>

1.7.14.2. Installing the CLI on Windows

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary on Windows by using the following procedure.

Procedure

  1. Navigate to the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Select your infrastructure provider, and, if applicable, your installation type.
  3. In the Command-line interface section, select Windows from the drop-down menu and click Download command-line tools.
  4. Unzip the archive with a ZIP program.
  5. Move the oc binary to a directory that is on your PATH.

    To check your PATH, open the command prompt and execute the following command:

    C:\> path

After you install the CLI, it is available using the oc command:

C:\> oc <command>

1.7.14.3. Installing the CLI on macOS

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary on macOS by using the following procedure.

Procedure

  1. Navigate to the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Select your infrastructure provider, and, if applicable, your installation type.
  3. In the Command-line interface section, select MacOS from the drop-down menu and click Download command-line tools.
  4. Unpack and unzip the archive.
  5. Move the oc binary to a directory on your PATH.

    To check your PATH, open a terminal and execute the following command:

    $ echo $PATH

After you install the CLI, it is available using the oc command:

$ oc <command>

1.7.15. Logging in to the cluster

You can log in to your cluster as a default system user by exporting the cluster kubeconfig file. The kubeconfig file contains information about the cluster that is used by the CLI to connect a client to the correct cluster and API server. The file is specific to a cluster and is created during OpenShift Container Platform installation.

Prerequisites

  • Deploy an OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
  • Install the oc CLI.

Procedure

  1. Export the kubeadmin credentials:

    $ export KUBECONFIG=<installation_directory>/auth/kubeconfig 1
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.
  2. Verify you can run oc commands successfully using the exported configuration:

    $ oc whoami
    system:admin

1.7.16. Approving the CSRs for your machines

When you add machines to a cluster, two pending certificates signing request (CSRs) are generated for each machine that you added. You must confirm that these CSRs are approved or, if necessary, approve them yourself.

Prerequisites

  • You added machines to your cluster.

Procedure

  1. Confirm that the cluster recognizes the machines:

    $ oc get nodes
    
    NAME      STATUS    ROLES   AGE  VERSION
    master-0  Ready     master  63m  v1.16.2
    master-1  Ready     master  63m  v1.16.2
    master-2  Ready     master  64m  v1.16.2
    worker-0  NotReady  worker  76s  v1.16.2
    worker-1  NotReady  worker  70s  v1.16.2

    The output lists all of the machines that you created.

  2. Review the pending certificate signing requests (CSRs) and ensure that the you see a client and server request with Pending or Approved status for each machine that you added to the cluster:

    $ oc get csr
    
    NAME        AGE     REQUESTOR                                                                   CONDITION
    csr-8b2br   15m     system:serviceaccount:openshift-machine-config-operator:node-bootstrapper   Pending 1
    csr-8vnps   15m     system:serviceaccount:openshift-machine-config-operator:node-bootstrapper   Pending
    csr-bfd72   5m26s   system:node:ip-10-0-50-126.us-east-2.compute.internal                       Pending 2
    csr-c57lv   5m26s   system:node:ip-10-0-95-157.us-east-2.compute.internal                       Pending
    ...
    1
    A client request CSR.
    2
    A server request CSR.

    In this example, two machines are joining the cluster. You might see more approved CSRs in the list.

  3. If the CSRs were not approved, after all of the pending CSRs for the machines you added are in Pending status, approve the CSRs for your cluster machines:

    Note

    Because the CSRs rotate automatically, approve your CSRs within an hour of adding the machines to the cluster. If you do not approve them within an hour, the certificates will rotate, and more than two certificates will be present for each node. You must approve all of these certificates. After you approve the initial CSRs, the subsequent node client CSRs are automatically approved by the cluster kube-controller-manager. You must implement a method of automatically approving the kubelet serving certificate requests.

    • To approve them individually, run the following command for each valid CSR:

      $ oc adm certificate approve <csr_name> 1
      1
      <csr_name> is the name of a CSR from the list of current CSRs.
    • To approve all pending CSRs, run the following command:

      $ oc get csr -o go-template='{{range .items}}{{if not .status}}{{.metadata.name}}{{"\n"}}{{end}}{{end}}' | xargs oc adm certificate approve

1.7.17. Optional: Adding the ingress DNS records

If you removed the DNS Zone configuration when creating Kubernetes manifests and generating Ignition configs, you must manually create DNS records that point at the ingress load balancer. You can create either a wildcard *.apps.{baseDomain}. or specific records. You can use A, CNAME, and other records per your requirements.

Prerequisites

  • Configure a GCP account.
  • Remove the DNS Zone configuration when creating Kubernetes manifests and generating Ignition configs.
  • Create and configure a VPC and associated subnets in GCP.
  • Create and configure networking and load balancers in GCP.
  • Create control plane and compute roles.
  • Create the bootstrap machine.
  • Create the control plane machines.
  • Create the worker machines.

Procedure

  1. Wait for the Ingress router to create a load balancer and populate the EXTERNAL-IP field:

    $ oc -n openshift-ingress get service router-default
    NAME             TYPE           CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP      PORT(S)                      AGE
    router-default   LoadBalancer   172.30.18.154   35.233.157.184   80:32288/TCP,443:31215/TCP   98
  2. Add the A record to your public and private zones:

    $ export ROUTER_IP=`oc -n openshift-ingress get service router-default --no-headers | awk '{print $4}'`
    
    $ if [ -f transaction.yaml ]; then rm transaction.yaml; fi
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction start --zone ${BASE_DOMAIN_ZONE_NAME}
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction add ${ROUTER_IP} --name \*.apps.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}. --ttl 300 --type A --zone ${BASE_DOMAIN_ZONE_NAME}
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction execute --zone ${BASE_DOMAIN_ZONE_NAME}
    
    $ if [ -f transaction.yaml ]; then rm transaction.yaml; fi
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction start --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction add ${ROUTER_IP} --name \*.apps.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}. --ttl 300 --type A --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction execute --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone

    If you prefer to add explicit domains instead of using a wildcard, you can create entries for each of the cluster’s current routes:

    $ oc get --all-namespaces -o jsonpath='{range .items[*]}{range .status.ingress[*]}{.host}{"\n"}{end}{end}' routes
    oauth-openshift.apps.your.cluster.domain.example.com
    console-openshift-console.apps.your.cluster.domain.example.com
    downloads-openshift-console.apps.your.cluster.domain.example.com
    alertmanager-main-openshift-monitoring.apps.your.cluster.domain.example.com
    grafana-openshift-monitoring.apps.your.cluster.domain.example.com
    prometheus-k8s-openshift-monitoring.apps.your.cluster.domain.example.com

1.7.18. Completing a GCP installation on user-provisioned infrastructure

After you start the OpenShift Container Platform installation on Google Cloud Platform (GCP) user-provisioned infrastructure, you can monitor the cluster events until the cluster is ready.

Prerequisites

  • Deploy the bootstrap machine for an OpenShift Container Platform cluster on user-provisioned GCP infrastructure.
  • Install the oc CLI and log in.

Procedure

  1. Complete the cluster installation:

    $ ./openshift-install --dir=<installation_directory> wait-for install-complete 1
    
    INFO Waiting up to 30m0s for the cluster to initialize...
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.
    Important

    The Ignition config files that the installation program generates contain certificates that expire after 24 hours. You must keep the cluster running for 24 hours in a non-degraded state to ensure that the first certificate rotation has finished.

  2. Observe the running state of your cluster.

    1. Run the following command to view the current cluster version and status:

      $ oc get clusterversion
      NAME      VERSION   AVAILABLE   PROGRESSING   SINCE   STATUS
      version             False       True          24m     Working towards 4.3.0-0: 99% complete
    2. Run the following command to view the Operators managed on the control plane by the Cluster Version Operator (CVO):

      $ oc get clusteroperators
      NAME                                       VERSION   AVAILABLE   PROGRESSING   DEGRADED   SINCE
      authentication                             4.3.0-0   True        False         False      6m18s
      cloud-credential                           4.3.0-0   True        False         False      17m
      cluster-autoscaler                         4.3.0-0   True        False         False      80s
      console                                    4.3.0-0   True        False         False      3m57s
      dns                                        4.3.0-0   True        False         False      22m
      image-registry                             4.3.0-0   True        False         False      5m4s
      ingress                                    4.3.0-0   True        False         False      4m38s
      insights                                   4.3.0-0   True        False         False      21m
      kube-apiserver                             4.3.0-0   True        False         False      12m
      kube-controller-manager                    4.3.0-0   True        False         False      12m
      kube-scheduler                             4.3.0-0   True        False         False      11m
      machine-api                                4.3.0-0   True        False         False      18m
      machine-config                             4.3.0-0   True        False         False      22m
      marketplace                                4.3.0-0   True        False         False      5m38s
      monitoring                                 4.3.0-0   True        False         False      86s
      network                                    4.3.0-0   True        False         False      14m
      node-tuning                                4.3.0-0   True        False         False      6m8s
      openshift-apiserver                        4.3.0-0   True        False         False      6m48s
      openshift-controller-manager               4.3.0-0   True        False         False      12m
      openshift-samples                          4.3.0-0   True        False         False      67s
      operator-lifecycle-manager                 4.3.0-0   True        False         False      15m
      operator-lifecycle-manager-catalog         4.3.0-0   True        False         False      15m
      operator-lifecycle-manager-packageserver   4.3.0-0   True        False         False      6m48s
      service-ca                                 4.3.0-0   True        False         False      17m
      service-catalog-apiserver                  4.3.0-0   True        False         False      6m18s
      service-catalog-controller-manager         4.3.0-0   True        False         False      6m19s
      storage                                    4.3.0-0   True        False         False      6m20s
    3. Run the following command to view your cluster Pods:

      $ oc get pods --all-namespaces
      NAMESPACE                                               NAME                                                                READY     STATUS      RESTARTS   AGE
      kube-system                                             etcd-member-ip-10-0-3-111.us-east-2.compute.internal                1/1       Running     0          35m
      kube-system                                             etcd-member-ip-10-0-3-239.us-east-2.compute.internal                1/1       Running     0          37m
      kube-system                                             etcd-member-ip-10-0-3-24.us-east-2.compute.internal                 1/1       Running     0          35m
      openshift-apiserver-operator                            openshift-apiserver-operator-6d6674f4f4-h7t2t                       1/1       Running     1          37m
      openshift-apiserver                                     apiserver-fm48r                                                     1/1       Running     0          30m
      openshift-apiserver                                     apiserver-fxkvv                                                     1/1       Running     0          29m
      openshift-apiserver                                     apiserver-q85nm                                                     1/1       Running     0          29m
      ...
      openshift-service-ca-operator                           openshift-service-ca-operator-66ff6dc6cd-9r257                      1/1       Running     0          37m
      openshift-service-ca                                    apiservice-cabundle-injector-695b6bcbc-cl5hm                        1/1       Running     0          35m
      openshift-service-ca                                    configmap-cabundle-injector-8498544d7-25qn6                         1/1       Running     0          35m
      openshift-service-ca                                    service-serving-cert-signer-6445fc9c6-wqdqn                         1/1       Running     0          35m
      openshift-service-catalog-apiserver-operator            openshift-service-catalog-apiserver-operator-549f44668b-b5q2w       1/1       Running     0          32m
      openshift-service-catalog-controller-manager-operator   openshift-service-catalog-controller-manager-operator-b78cr2lnm     1/1       Running     0          31m

    When the current cluster version is AVAILABLE, the installation is complete.

1.7.19. Next steps

1.8. Installing a cluster on GCP in a restricted network

In OpenShift Container Platform version 4.3, you can install a cluster on Google Cloud Platform (GCP) that uses infrastructure that you provide and an internal mirror of the installation release content.

Important

While you can install an OpenShift Container Platform cluster by using mirrored installation release content, your cluster still requires internet access to use the GCP APIs.

The steps for performing a user-provided infrastructure install are outlined here. Several Deployment Manager templates are provided to assist in completing these steps or to help model your own. You are also free to create the required resources through other methods; the templates are just an example.

1.8.1. Prerequisites

1.8.2. Configuring your GCP project

Before you can install OpenShift Container Platform, you must configure a Google Cloud Platform (GCP) project to host it.

1.8.2.1. Creating a GCP project

To install OpenShift Container Platform, you must create a project in your Google Cloud Platform (GCP) account to host the cluster.

Procedure

1.8.2.2. Enabling API services in GCP

Your Google Cloud Platform (GCP) project requires access to several API services to complete OpenShift Container Platform installation.

Prerequisites

  • You created a project to host your cluster.

Procedure

  • Enable the following required API services in the project that hosts your cluster. See Enabling services in the GCP documentation.

    Table 1.20. Required API services

    API serviceConsole service name

    Compute Engine API

    compute.googleapis.com

    Google Cloud APIs

    cloudapis.googleapis.com

    Cloud Resource Manager API

    cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com

    Google DNS API

    dns.googleapis.com

    IAM Service Account Credentials API

    iamcredentials.googleapis.com

    Identity and Access Management (IAM) API

    iam.googleapis.com

    Service Management API

    servicemanagement.googleapis.com

    Service Usage API

    serviceusage.googleapis.com

    Google Cloud Storage JSON API

    storage-api.googleapis.com

    Cloud Storage

    storage-component.googleapis.com

1.8.2.3. Configuring DNS for GCP

To install OpenShift Container Platform, the Google Cloud Platform (GCP) account you use must have a dedicated public hosted zone in the same project that you host the OpenShift Container Platform cluster. This zone must be authoritative for the domain. The DNS service provides cluster DNS resolution and name lookup for external connections to the cluster.

Procedure

  1. Identify your domain, or subdomain, and registrar. You can transfer an existing domain and registrar or obtain a new one through GCP or another source.

    Note

    If you purchase a new domain, it can take time for the relevant DNS changes to propagate. For more information about purchasing domains through Google, see Google Domains.

  2. Create a public hosted zone for your domain or subdomain in your GCP project. See Creating public zones in the GCP documentation.

    Use an appropriate root domain, such as openshiftcorp.com, or subdomain, such as clusters.openshiftcorp.com.

  3. Extract the new authoritative name servers from the hosted zone records. See Look up your Cloud DNS name servers in the GCP documentation.

    You typically have four name servers.

  4. Update the registrar records for the name servers that your domain uses. For example, if you registered your domain to Google Domains, see the following topic in the Google Domains Help: How to switch to custom name servers.
  5. If you migrated your root domain to Google Cloud DNS, migrate your DNS records. See Migrating to Cloud DNS in the GCP documentation.
  6. If you use a subdomain, follow your company’s procedures to add its delegation records to the parent domain. This process might include a request to your company’s IT department or the division that controls the root domain and DNS services for your company.

1.8.2.4. GCP account limits

The OpenShift Container Platform cluster uses a number of Google Cloud Platform (GCP) components, but the default Quotas do not affect your ability to install a default OpenShift Container Platform cluster.

A default cluster, which contains three compute and three control plane machines, uses the following resources. Note that some resources are required only during the bootstrap process and are removed after the cluster deploys.

Table 1.21. GCP resources used in a default cluster

ServiceComponentLocationTotal resources requiredResources removed after bootstrap

Service account

IAM

Global

5

0

Firewall Rules

Networking

Global

11

1

Forwarding Rules

Compute

Global

2

0

Health checks

Compute

Global

2

0

Images

Compute

Global

1

0

Networks

Networking

Global

1

0

Routers

Networking

Global

1

0

Routes

Networking

Global

2

0

Subnetworks

Compute

Global

2

0

Target Pools

Networking

Global

2

0

Note

If any of the quotas are insufficient during installation, the installation program displays an error that states both which quota was exceeded and the region.

Be sure to consider your actual cluster size, planned cluster growth, and any usage from other clusters that are associated with your account. The CPU, Static IP addresses, and Persistent Disk SSD (Storage) quotas are the ones that are most likely to be insufficient.

If you plan to deploy your cluster in one of the following regions, you will exceed the maximum storage quota and are likely to exceed the CPU quota limit:

  • asia-east2
  • asia-northeast2
  • asia-south1
  • australia-southeast1
  • europe-north1
  • europe-west2
  • europe-west3
  • europe-west6
  • northamerica-northeast1
  • southamerica-east1
  • us-west2

You can increase resource quotas from the GCP console, but you might need to file a support ticket. Be sure to plan your cluster size early so that you can allow time to resolve the support ticket before you install your OpenShift Container Platform cluster. :!template:

1.8.2.5. Creating a service account in GCP

OpenShift Container Platform requires a Google Cloud Platform (GCP) service account that provides authentication and authorization to access data in the Google APIs. If you do not have an existing IAM service account that contains the required roles in your project, you must create one.

Prerequisites

  • You created a project to host your cluster.

Procedure

  1. Create a service account in the project that you use to host your OpenShift Container Platform cluster. See Creating a service account in the GCP documentation.
  2. Grant the service account the appropriate permissions. You can either grant the individual permissions that follow or assign the Owner role to it. See Granting roles to a service account for specific resources.

    Note

    While making the service account an Owner of the project is the easiest way to gain the required permissions, it means that that service account has complete control over the project. You must determine if the risk that comes from offering that power is acceptable.

  3. Create the service account key in JSON format. See Creating service account keys in the GCP documentation.

    The service account key is required to create a cluster.

1.8.2.5.1. Required GCP permissions

When you attach the Owner role to the service account that you create, you grant that service account all permissions, including those that are required to install OpenShift Container Platform. To deploy an OpenShift Container Platform cluster, the service account requires the following permissions. If you deploy your cluster into an existing VPC, the service account does not require certain networking permissions, which are noted in the following lists:

Required roles for the installation program

  • Compute Admin
  • Security Admin
  • Service Account Admin
  • Service Account User
  • Storage Admin

Required roles for creating network resources during installation

  • DNS Administrator

Required roles for user-provisioned GCP infrastructure

  • Deployment Manager Editor
  • Service Account Key Admin

Optional roles

For the cluster to create new limited credentials for its Operators, add the following role:

  • Service Account Key Admin

The roles are applied to the service accounts that the control plane and compute machines use:

Table 1.22. GCP service account permissions

AccountRoles

Control Plane

roles/compute.instanceAdmin

roles/compute.networkAdmin

roles/compute.securityAdmin

roles/storage.admin

roles/iam.serviceAccountUser

Compute

roles/compute.viewer

roles/storage.admin

1.8.2.6. Supported GCP regions

You can deploy an OpenShift Container Platform cluster to the following Google Cloud Platform (GCP) regions:

  • asia-east1 (Changhua County, Taiwan)
  • asia-east2 (Hong Kong)
  • asia-northeast1 (Tokyo, Japan)
  • asia-northeast2 (Osaka, Japan)
  • asia-south1 (Mumbai, India)
  • asia-southeast1 (Jurong West, Singapore)
  • australia-southeast1 (Sydney, Australia)
  • europe-north1 (Hamina, Finland)
  • europe-west1 (St. Ghislain, Belgium)
  • europe-west2 (London, England, UK)
  • europe-west3 (Frankfurt, Germany)
  • europe-west4 (Eemshaven, Netherlands)
  • europe-west6 (Zürich, Switzerland)
  • northamerica-northeast1 (Montréal, Québec, Canada)
  • southamerica-east1 (São Paulo, Brazil)
  • us-central1 (Council Bluffs, Iowa, USA)
  • us-east1 (Moncks Corner, South Carolina, USA)
  • us-east4 (Ashburn, Northern Virginia, USA)
  • us-west1 (The Dalles, Oregon, USA)
  • us-west2 (Los Angeles, California, USA)

1.8.2.7. Installing and configuring CLI tools for GCP

To install OpenShift Container Platform on Google Cloud Platform (GCP) using user-provisioned infrastructure, you must install and configure the CLI tools for GCP.

Prerequisites

  • You created a project to host your cluster.
  • You created a service account and granted it the required permissions.

Procedure

  1. Install the following binaries in $PATH:

    • gcloud
    • gsutil

    See Install the latest Cloud SDK version in the GCP documentation.

  2. Authenticate using the gcloud tool with your configured service account.

1.8.3. Creating the installation files for GCP

To install OpenShift Container Platform on Google Cloud Platform (GCP) using user-provisioned infrastructure, you must generate the files that the installation program needs to deploy your cluster and modify them so that the cluster creates only the machines that it will use. You generate and customize the install-config.yaml file, Kubernetes manifests, and Ignition config files.

1.8.3.1. Creating the installation configuration file

You can customize your installation of OpenShift Container Platform on Google Cloud Platform (GCP).

Prerequisites

  • Obtain the OpenShift Container Platform installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.

Procedure

  1. Create the install-config.yaml file.

    1. Run the following command:

      $ ./openshift-install create install-config --dir=<installation_directory> 1
      1
      For <installation_directory>, specify the directory name to store the files that the installation program creates.
      Important

      Specify an empty directory. Some installation assets, like bootstrap X.509 certificates have short expiration intervals, so you must not reuse an installation directory. If you want to reuse individual files from another cluster installation, you can copy them into your directory. However, the file names for the installation assets might change between releases. Use caution when copying installation files from an earlier OpenShift Container Platform version.

    2. At the prompts, provide the configuration details for your cloud:

      1. Optional: Select an SSH key to use to access your cluster machines.

        Note

        For production OpenShift Container Platform clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery on, specify an SSH key that your ssh-agent process uses.

      2. Select gcp as the platform to target.
      3. If you have not configured the service account key for your GCP account on your computer, you must obtain it from GCP and paste the contents of the file or enter the absolute path to the file.
      4. Select the project ID to provision the cluster in. The default value is specified by the service account that you configured.
      5. Select the region to deploy the cluster to.
      6. Select the base domain to deploy the cluster to. The base domain corresponds to the public DNS zone that you created for your cluster.
      7. Enter a descriptive name for your cluster. If you provide a name that is longer than 6 characters, only the first 6 characters will be used in the infrastructure ID that is generated from the cluster name.
      8. Paste the pull secret that you obtained from the Pull Secret page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
  2. Modify the install-config.yaml file. You can find more information about the available parameters in the Installation configuration parameters section.
  3. Back up the install-config.yaml file so that you can use it to install multiple clusters.

    Important

    The install-config.yaml file is consumed during the installation process. If you want to reuse the file, you must back it up now.

1.8.3.2. Creating the Kubernetes manifest and Ignition config files

Because you must modify some cluster definition files and manually start the cluster machines, you must generate the Kubernetes manifest and Ignition config files that the cluster needs to make its machines.

Important

The Ignition config files that the installation program generates contain certificates that expire after 24 hours. You must complete your cluster installation and keep the cluster running for 24 hours in a non-degraded state to ensure that the first certificate rotation has finished.

Prerequisites

  • Obtain the OpenShift Container Platform installation program. For a restricted network installation, these files are on your mirror host.
  • Create the install-config.yaml installation configuration file.

Procedure

  1. Generate the Kubernetes manifests for the cluster:

    $ ./openshift-install create manifests --dir=<installation_directory> 1
    
    INFO Consuming Install Config from target directory
    WARNING Making control-plane schedulable by setting MastersSchedulable to true for Scheduler cluster settings
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the installation directory that contains the install-config.yaml file you created.

    Because you create your own compute machines later in the installation process, you can safely ignore this warning.

  2. Remove the Kubernetes manifest files that define the control plane machines:

    $ rm -f <installation_directory>/openshift/99_openshift-cluster-api_master-machines-*.yaml

    By removing these files, you prevent the cluster from automatically generating control plane machines.

  3. Optional: If you do not want the cluster to provision compute machines, remove the Kubernetes manifest files that define the worker machines:

    $ rm -f <installation_directory>/openshift/99_openshift-cluster-api_worker-machineset-*.yaml

    Because you create and manage the worker machines yourself, you do not need to initialize these machines.

  4. Modify the <installation_directory>/manifests/cluster-scheduler-02-config.yml Kubernetes manifest file to prevent Pods from being scheduled on the control plane machines:

    1. Open the <installation_directory>/manifests/cluster-scheduler-02-config.yml file.
    2. Locate the mastersSchedulable parameter and set its value to False.
    3. Save and exit the file.
    Note

    Currently, due to a Kubernetes limitation, router Pods running on control plane machines will not be reachable by the ingress load balancer. This step might not be required in a future minor version of OpenShift Container Platform.

  5. Optional: If you do not want the Ingress Operator to create DNS records on your behalf, remove the privateZone and publicZone sections from the <installation_directory>/manifests/cluster-dns-02-config.yml DNS configuration file:

    apiVersion: config.openshift.io/v1
    kind: DNS
    metadata:
      creationTimestamp: null
      name: cluster
    spec:
      baseDomain: example.openshift.com
      privateZone: 1
        id: mycluster-100419-private-zone
      publicZone: 2
        id: example.openshift.com
    status: {}
    1 2
    Remove these sections completely.

    If you do so, you must add ingress DNS records manually in a later step.

  6. Obtain the Ignition config files:

    $ ./openshift-install create ignition-configs --dir=<installation_directory> 1
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the same installation directory.

    The following files are generated in the directory:

    .
    ├── auth
    │   ├── kubeadmin-password
    │   └── kubeconfig
    ├── bootstrap.ign
    ├── master.ign
    ├── metadata.json
    └── worker.ign

1.8.4. Exporting common variables

1.8.4.1. Extracting the infrastructure name

The Ignition configs contain a unique cluster identifier that you can use to uniquely identify your cluster in Google Cloud Platform (GCP). The provided Deployment Manager templates contain references to this infrastructure name, so you must extract it.

Prerequisites

  • Obtain the OpenShift Container Platform installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.
  • Generate the Ignition config files for your cluster.
  • Install the jq package.

Procedure

  • To extract and view the infrastructure name from the Ignition config file metadata, run the following command:

    $ jq -r .infraID /<installation_directory>/metadata.json 1
    openshift-vw9j6 2
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.
    2
    The output of this command is your cluster name and a random string.

1.8.4.2. Exporting common variables for Deployment Manager templates

You must export a common set of variables that are used with the provided Deployment Manager templates used to assist in completing a user-provided infrastructure install on Google Cloud Platform (GCP).

Note

Specific Deployment Manager templates can also require additional exported variables, which are detailed in their related procedures.

Prerequisites

  • Obtain the OpenShift Container Platform installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.
  • Generate the Ignition config files for your cluster.
  • Install the jq package.

Procedure

  • Export the following common variables to be used by the provided Deployment Manager templates:

    $ export BASE_DOMAIN='<base_domain>'
    $ export BASE_DOMAIN_ZONE_NAME='<base_domain_zone_name>'
    $ export NETWORK_CIDR='10.0.0.0/16'
    $ export MASTER_SUBNET_CIDR='10.0.0.0/19'
    $ export WORKER_SUBNET_CIDR='10.0.32.0/19'
    
    $ export KUBECONFIG=<installation_directory>/auth/kubeconfig 1
    $ export CLUSTER_NAME=`jq -r .clusterName <installation_directory>/metadata.json`
    $ export INFRA_ID=`jq -r .infraID <installation_directory>/metadata.json`
    $ export PROJECT_NAME=`jq -r .gcp.projectID <installation_directory>/metadata.json`
    $ export REGION=`jq -r .gcp.region <installation_directory>/metadata.json`
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.

1.8.5. Creating a VPC in GCP

You must create a VPC in Google Cloud Platform (GCP) for your OpenShift Container Platform cluster to use. You can customize the VPC to meet your requirements. One way to create the VPC is to modify the provided Deployment Manager template.

Note

If you do not use the provided Deployment Manager template to create your GCP infrastructure, you must review the provided information and manually create the infrastructure. If your cluster does not initialize correctly, you might have to contact Red Hat support with your installation logs.

Prerequisites

  • Configure a GCP account.
  • Generate the Ignition config files for your cluster.

Procedure

  1. Copy the template from the Deployment Manager template for the VPC section of this topic and save it as 01_vpc.py on your computer. This template describes the VPC that your cluster requires.
  2. Create a 01_vpc.yaml resource definition file:

    $ cat <<EOF >01_vpc.yaml
    imports:
    - path: 01_vpc.py
    
    resources:
    - name: cluster-vpc
      type: 01_vpc.py
      properties:
        infra_id: '${INFRA_ID}' 1
        region: '${REGION}' 2
        master_subnet_cidr: '${MASTER_SUBNET_CIDR}' 3
        worker_subnet_cidr: '${WORKER_SUBNET_CIDR}' 4
    EOF
    1
    infra_id is the INFRA_ID infrastructure name from the extraction step.
    2
    region is the region to deploy the cluster into, for example us-east1.
    3
    master_subnet_cidr is the CIDR for the master subnet, for example 10.0.0.0/19.
    4
    worker_subnet_cidr is the CIDR for the worker subnet, for example 10.0.32.0/19.
  3. Create the deployment by using the gcloud CLI:

    $ gcloud deployment-manager deployments create ${INFRA_ID}-vpc --config 01_vpc.yaml

1.8.5.1. Deployment Manager template for the VPC

You can use the following Deployment Manager template to deploy the VPC that you need for your OpenShift Container Platform cluster:

01_vpc.py Deployment Manager template

def GenerateConfig(context):

    resources = [{
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-network',
        'type': 'compute.v1.network',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region'],
            'autoCreateSubnetworks': False
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master-subnet',
        'type': 'compute.v1.subnetwork',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region'],
            'network': '$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-network.selfLink)',
            'ipCidrRange': context.properties['master_subnet_cidr']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-worker-subnet',
        'type': 'compute.v1.subnetwork',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region'],
            'network': '$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-network.selfLink)',
            'ipCidrRange': context.properties['worker_subnet_cidr']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master-nat-ip',
        'type': 'compute.v1.address',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-worker-nat-ip',
        'type': 'compute.v1.address',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-router',
        'type': 'compute.v1.router',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region'],
            'network': '$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-network.selfLink)',
            'nats': [{
                'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-nat-master',
                'natIpAllocateOption': 'MANUAL_ONLY',
                'natIps': ['$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master-nat-ip.selfLink)'],
                'minPortsPerVm': 7168,
                'sourceSubnetworkIpRangesToNat': 'LIST_OF_SUBNETWORKS',
                'subnetworks': [{
                    'name': '$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master-subnet.selfLink)',
                    'sourceIpRangesToNat': ['ALL_IP_RANGES']
                }]
            }, {
                'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-nat-worker',
                'natIpAllocateOption': 'MANUAL_ONLY',
                'natIps': ['$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-worker-nat-ip.selfLink)'],
                'minPortsPerVm': 128,
                'sourceSubnetworkIpRangesToNat': 'LIST_OF_SUBNETWORKS',
                'subnetworks': [{
                    'name': '$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-worker-subnet.selfLink)',
                    'sourceIpRangesToNat': ['ALL_IP_RANGES']
                }]
            }]
        }
    }]

    return {'resources': resources}

1.8.6. Creating networking and load balancing components in GCP

You must configure networking and load balancing in Google Cloud Platform (GCP) for your OpenShift Container Platform cluster to use. One way to create these components is to modify the provided Deployment Manager template.

Note

If you do not use the provided Deployment Manager template to create your GCP infrastructure, you must review the provided information and manually create the infrastructure. If your cluster does not initialize correctly, you might have to contact Red Hat support with your installation logs.

Prerequisites

  • Configure a GCP account.
  • Generate the Ignition config files for your cluster.
  • Create and configure a VPC and associated subnets in GCP.

Procedure

  1. Copy the template from the Deployment Manager template for the network and load balancers section of this topic and save it as 02_infra.py on your computer. This template describes the networking and load balancing objects that your cluster requires.
  2. Export the following variable required by the resource definition:

    $ export CLUSTER_NETWORK=`gcloud compute networks describe ${INFRA_ID}-network --format json | jq -r .selfLink`
  3. Create a 02_infra.yaml resource definition file:

    $ cat <<EOF >02_infra.yaml
    imports:
    - path: 02_infra.py
    
    resources:
    - name: cluster-infra
      type: 02_infra.py
      properties:
        infra_id: '${INFRA_ID}' 1
        region: '${REGION}' 2
    
        cluster_domain: '${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}' 3
        cluster_network: '${CLUSTER_NETWORK}' 4
    EOF
    1
    infra_id is the INFRA_ID infrastructure name from the extraction step.
    2
    region is the region to deploy the cluster into, for example us-east1.
    3
    cluster_domain is the domain for the cluster, for example openshift.example.com.
    4
    cluster_network is the selfLink URL to the cluster network.
  4. Create the deployment by using the gcloud CLI:

    $ gcloud deployment-manager deployments create ${INFRA_ID}-infra --config 02_infra.yaml
  5. The templates do not create DNS entries due to limitations of Deployment Manager, so you must create them manually:

    1. Export the following variable:

      $ export CLUSTER_IP=`gcloud compute addresses describe ${INFRA_ID}-cluster-public-ip --region=${REGION} --format json | jq -r .address`
    2. Add external DNS entries:

      $ if [ -f transaction.yaml ]; then rm transaction.yaml; fi
      $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction start --zone ${BASE_DOMAIN_ZONE_NAME}
      $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction add ${CLUSTER_IP} --name api.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}. --ttl 60 --type A --zone ${BASE_DOMAIN_ZONE_NAME}
      $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction execute --zone ${BASE_DOMAIN_ZONE_NAME}
    3. Add internal DNS entries:

      $ if [ -f transaction.yaml ]; then rm transaction.yaml; fi
      $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction start --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone
      $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction add ${CLUSTER_IP} --name api.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}. --ttl 60 --type A --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone
      $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction add ${CLUSTER_IP} --name api-int.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}. --ttl 60 --type A --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone
      $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction execute --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone

1.8.6.1. Deployment Manager template for the network and load balancers

You can use the following Deployment Manager template to deploy the networking objects and load balancers that you need for your OpenShift Container Platform cluster:

02_infra.py Deployment Manager template

def GenerateConfig(context):

    resources = [{
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-cluster-public-ip',
        'type': 'compute.v1.address',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-api-http-health-check',
        'type': 'compute.v1.httpHealthCheck',
        'properties': {
            'port': 6080,
            'requestPath': '/readyz'
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-api-target-pool',
        'type': 'compute.v1.targetPool',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region'],
            'healthChecks': ['$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-api-http-health-check.selfLink)'],
            'instances': []
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-api-forwarding-rule',
        'type': 'compute.v1.forwardingRule',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region'],
            'IPAddress': '$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-cluster-public-ip.selfLink)',
            'target': '$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-api-target-pool.selfLink)',
            'portRange': '6443'
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-ign-http-health-check',
        'type': 'compute.v1.httpHealthCheck',
        'properties': {
            'port': 22624,
            'requestPath': '/healthz'
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-ign-target-pool',
        'type': 'compute.v1.targetPool',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region'],
            'healthChecks': ['$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-ign-http-health-check.selfLink)'],
            'instances': []
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-ign-forwarding-rule',
        'type': 'compute.v1.forwardingRule',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region'],
            'IPAddress': '$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-cluster-public-ip.selfLink)',
            'target': '$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-ign-target-pool.selfLink)',
            'portRange': '22623'
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-private-zone',
        'type': 'dns.v1.managedZone',
        'properties': {
            'description': '',
            'dnsName': context.properties['cluster_domain'] + '.',
            'visibility': 'private',
            'privateVisibilityConfig': {
                'networks': [{
                    'networkUrl': context.properties['cluster_network']
                }]
            }
        }
    }]

    return {'resources': resources}

1.8.7. Creating firewall rules and IAM roles in GCP

You must create security groups and roles in Google Cloud Platform (GCP) for your OpenShift Container Platform cluster to use. One way to create these components is to modify the provided Deployment Manager template.

Note

If you do not use the provided Deployment Manager template to create your GCP infrastructure, you must review the provided information and manually create the infrastructure. If your cluster does not initialize correctly, you might have to contact Red Hat support with your installation logs.

Prerequisites

  • Configure a GCP account.
  • Generate the Ignition config files for your cluster.
  • Create and configure a VPC and associated subnets in GCP.

Procedure

  1. Copy the template from the Deployment Manager template for firewall rules and IAM roles section of this topic and save it as 03_security.py on your computer. This template describes the security groups and roles that your cluster requires.
  2. Export the following variables required by the resource definition:

    $ export MASTER_NAT_IP=`gcloud compute addresses describe ${INFRA_ID}-master-nat-ip --region ${REGION} --format json | jq -r .address`
    $ export WORKER_NAT_IP=`gcloud compute addresses describe ${INFRA_ID}-worker-nat-ip --region ${REGION} --format json | jq -r .address`
  3. Create a 03_security.yaml resource definition file:

    $ cat <<EOF >03_security.yaml
    imports:
    - path: 03_security.py
    
    resources:
    - name: cluster-security
      type: 03_security.py
      properties:
        infra_id: '${INFRA_ID}' 1
        region: '${REGION}' 2
    
        cluster_network: '${CLUSTER_NETWORK}' 3
        network_cidr: '${NETWORK_CIDR}' 4
        master_nat_ip: '${MASTER_NAT_IP}' 5
        worker_nat_ip: '${WORKER_NAT_IP}' 6
    EOF
    1
    infra_id is the INFRA_ID infrastructure name from the extraction step.
    2
    region is the region to deploy the cluster into, for example us-east1.
    3
    cluster_network is the selfLink URL to the cluster network.
    4
    network_cidr is the CIDR of the VPC network, for example 10.0.0.0/16.
    5
    master_nat_ip is the IP address of the master NAT, for example 34.94.100.1.
    6
    worker_nat_ip is the IP address of the worker NAT, for example 34.94.200.1.
  4. Create the deployment by using the gcloud CLI:

    $ gcloud deployment-manager deployments create ${INFRA_ID}-security --config 03_security.yaml
  5. The templates do not create the policy bindings due to limitations of Deployment Manager, so you must create them manually:

    $ export MASTER_SA=${INFRA_ID}-m@${PROJECT_NAME}.iam.gserviceaccount.com
    $ gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding ${PROJECT_NAME} --member "serviceAccount:${MASTER_SA}" --role "roles/compute.instanceAdmin"
    $ gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding ${PROJECT_NAME} --member "serviceAccount:${MASTER_SA}" --role "roles/compute.networkAdmin"
    $ gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding ${PROJECT_NAME} --member "serviceAccount:${MASTER_SA}" --role "roles/compute.securityAdmin"
    $ gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding ${PROJECT_NAME} --member "serviceAccount:${MASTER_SA}" --role "roles/iam.serviceAccountUser"
    $ gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding ${PROJECT_NAME} --member "serviceAccount:${MASTER_SA}" --role "roles/storage.admin"
    
    $ export WORKER_SA=${INFRA_ID}-w@${PROJECT_NAME}.iam.gserviceaccount.com
    $ gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding ${PROJECT_NAME} --member "serviceAccount:${WORKER_SA}" --role "roles/compute.viewer"
    $ gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding ${PROJECT_NAME} --member "serviceAccount:${WORKER_SA}" --role "roles/storage.admin"
  6. Create a service account key and store it locally for later use:

    $ gcloud iam service-accounts keys create service-account-key.json --iam-account=${MASTER_SA}

1.8.7.1. Deployment Manager template for firewall rules and IAM roles

You can use the following Deployment Manager template to deploy the security objects that you need for your OpenShift Container Platform cluster:

03_security.py Deployment Manager template

def GenerateConfig(context):

    resources = [{
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-api',
        'type': 'compute.v1.firewall',
        'properties': {
            'network': context.properties['cluster_network'],
            'allowed': [{
                'IPProtocol': 'tcp',
                'ports': ['6443']
            }],
            'sourceRanges':  ['0.0.0.0/0'],
            'targetTags': [context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-mcs',
        'type': 'compute.v1.firewall',
        'properties': {
            'network': context.properties['cluster_network'],
            'allowed': [{
                'IPProtocol': 'tcp',
                'ports': ['22623']
            }],
            'sourceRanges':  [
                context.properties['network_cidr'],
                context.properties['master_nat_ip'],
                context.properties['worker_nat_ip']
            ],
            'targetTags': [context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-health-checks',
        'type': 'compute.v1.firewall',
        'properties': {
            'network': context.properties['cluster_network'],
            'allowed': [{
                'IPProtocol': 'tcp',
                'ports': ['6080', '22624']
            }],
            'sourceRanges':  ['35.191.0.0/16', '209.85.152.0/22', '209.85.204.0/22'],
            'targetTags': [context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-etcd',
        'type': 'compute.v1.firewall',
        'properties': {
            'network': context.properties['cluster_network'],
            'allowed': [{
                'IPProtocol': 'tcp',
                'ports': ['2379-2380']
            }],
            'sourceTags': [context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master'],
            'targetTags': [context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-control-plane',
        'type': 'compute.v1.firewall',
        'properties': {
            'network': context.properties['cluster_network'],
            'allowed': [{
                'IPProtocol': 'tcp',
                'ports': ['10257']
            },{
                'IPProtocol': 'tcp',
                'ports': ['10259']
            }],
            'sourceTags': [
                context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master',
                context.properties['infra_id'] + '-worker'
            ],
            'targetTags': [context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-internal-network',
        'type': 'compute.v1.firewall',
        'properties': {
            'network': context.properties['cluster_network'],
            'allowed': [{
                'IPProtocol': 'icmp'
            },{
                'IPProtocol': 'tcp',
                'ports': ['22']
            }],
            'sourceRanges':  [context.properties['network_cidr']],
            'targetTags': [
                context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master',
                context.properties['infra_id'] + '-worker'
            ]
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-internal-cluster',
        'type': 'compute.v1.firewall',
        'properties': {
            'network': context.properties['cluster_network'],
            'allowed': [{
                'IPProtocol': 'udp',
                'ports': ['4789', '6081']
            },{
                'IPProtocol': 'tcp',
                'ports': ['9000-9999']
            },{
                'IPProtocol': 'udp',
                'ports': ['9000-9999']
            },{
                'IPProtocol': 'tcp',
                'ports': ['10250']
            },{
                'IPProtocol': 'tcp',
                'ports': ['30000-32767']
            },{
                'IPProtocol': 'udp',
                'ports': ['30000-32767']
            }],
            'sourceTags': [
                context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master',
                context.properties['infra_id'] + '-worker'
            ],
            'targetTags': [
                context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master',
                context.properties['infra_id'] + '-worker'
            ]
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master-node-sa',
        'type': 'iam.v1.serviceAccount',
        'properties': {
            'accountId': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-m',
            'displayName': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master-node'
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-worker-node-sa',
        'type': 'iam.v1.serviceAccount',
        'properties': {
            'accountId': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-w',
            'displayName': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-worker-node'
        }
    }]

    return {'resources': resources}

1.8.8. Creating the RHCOS cluster image for the GCP infrastructure

You must use a valid Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) image for Google Cloud Platform (GCP) for your OpenShift Container Platform nodes.

Procedure

  1. Obtain the RHCOS image from the Product Downloads page on the Red Hat customer portal or the RHCOS image mirror page.

    Important

    The RHCOS images might not change with every release of OpenShift Container Platform. You must download an image with the highest version that is less than or equal to the OpenShift Container Platform version that you install. Use the image version that matches your OpenShift Container Platform version if it is available.

    The file name contains the OpenShift Container Platform version number in the format rhcos-<version>-gcp.tar.

  2. Export the following variable:

    $ export IMAGE_SOURCE=<downloaded_image_file_path>
  3. Create the cluster image:

    $ gcloud compute images create "${INFRA_ID}-rhcos-image" \
        --source-uri="${IMAGE_SOURCE}"

1.8.9. Creating the bootstrap machine in GCP

You must create the bootstrap machine in Google Cloud Platform (GCP) to use during OpenShift Container Platform cluster initialization. One way to create this machine is to modify the provided Deployment Manager template.

Note

If you do not use the provided Deployment Manager template to create your bootstrap machine, you must review the provided information and manually create the infrastructure. If your cluster does not initialize correctly, you might have to contact Red Hat support with your installation logs.

Prerequisites

  • Configure a GCP account.
  • Generate the Ignition config files for your cluster.
  • Create and configure a VPC and associated subnets in GCP.
  • Create and configure networking and load balancers in GCP.
  • Create control plane and compute roles.

Procedure

  1. Copy the template from the Deployment Manager template for the bootstrap machine section of this topic and save it as 04_bootstrap.py on your computer. This template describes the bootstrap machine that your cluster requires.
  2. Export the following variables required by the resource definition:

    $ export CONTROL_SUBNET=`gcloud compute networks subnets describe ${INFRA_ID}-master-subnet --region=${REGION} --format json | jq -r .selfLink`
    $ export CLUSTER_IMAGE=`gcloud compute images describe ${INFRA_ID}-rhcos-image --format json | jq -r .selfLink`
    $ export ZONE_0=`gcloud compute regions describe ${REGION} --format=json | jq -r .zones[0] | cut -d "/" -f9`
    $ export ZONE_1=`gcloud compute regions describe ${REGION} --format=json | jq -r .zones[1] | cut -d "/" -f9`
    $ export ZONE_2=`gcloud compute regions describe ${REGION} --format=json | jq -r .zones[2] | cut -d "/" -f9`
  3. Create a bucket and upload the bootstrap.ign file:

    $ gsutil mb gs://${INFRA_ID}-bootstrap-ignition
    $ gsutil cp bootstrap.ign gs://${INFRA_ID}-bootstrap-ignition/
  4. Create a signed URL for the bootstrap instance to use to access the Ignition config. Export the URL from the output as a variable:

    $ export BOOTSTRAP_IGN=`gsutil signurl -d 1h service-account-key.json \
        gs://${INFRA_ID}-bootstrap-ignition/bootstrap.ign | grep "^gs:" | awk '{print $5}'`
  5. Create a 04_bootstrap.yaml resource definition file:

    $ cat <<EOF >04_bootstrap.yaml
    imports:
    - path: 04_bootstrap.py
    
    resources:
    - name: cluster-bootstrap
      type: 04_bootstrap.py
      properties:
        infra_id: '${INFRA_ID}' 1
        region: '${REGION}' 2
        zone: '${ZONE_0}' 3
    
        cluster_network: '${CLUSTER_NETWORK}' 4
        control_subnet: '${CONTROL_SUBNET}' 5
        image: '${CLUSTER_IMAGE}' 6
        machine_type: 'n1-standard-4' 7
        root_volume_size: '128' 8
    
        bootstrap_ign: '${BOOTSTRAP_IGN}' 9
    EOF
    1
    infra_id is the INFRA_ID infrastructure name from the extraction step.
    2
    region is the region to deploy the cluster into, for example us-east1.
    3
    zone is the zone to deploy the bootstrap instance into, for example us-east1-b.
    4
    cluster_network is the selfLink URL to the cluster network.
    5
    control_subnet is the selfLink URL to the control subnet.
    6
    image is the selfLink URL to the RHCOS image.
    7
    machine_type is the machine type of the instance, for example n1-standard-4.
    8
    bootstrap_ign is the URL output when creating a signed URL above.
  6. Create the deployment by using the gcloud CLI:

    $ gcloud deployment-manager deployments create ${INFRA_ID}-bootstrap --config 04_bootstrap.yaml
  7. The templates do not manage load balancer membership due to limitations of Deployment Manager, so you must add the bootstrap machine manually:

    $ gcloud compute target-pools add-instances \
        ${INFRA_ID}-api-target-pool --instances-zone="${ZONE_0}" --instances=${INFRA_ID}-bootstrap
    $ gcloud compute target-pools add-instances \
        ${INFRA_ID}-ign-target-pool --instances-zone="${ZONE_0}" --instances=${INFRA_ID}-bootstrap

1.8.9.1. Deployment Manager template for the bootstrap machine

You can use the following Deployment Mananger template to deploy the bootstrap machine that you need for your OpenShift Container Platform cluster:

04_bootstrap.py Deployment Manager template

def GenerateConfig(context):

    resources = [{
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-bootstrap-public-ip',
        'type': 'compute.v1.address',
        'properties': {
            'region': context.properties['region']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-bootstrap-in-ssh',
        'type': 'compute.v1.firewall',
        'properties': {
            'network': context.properties['cluster_network'],
            'allowed': [{
                'IPProtocol': 'tcp',
                'ports': ['22']
            }],
            'sourceRanges':  ['0.0.0.0/0'],
            'targetTags': [context.properties['infra_id'] + '-bootstrap']
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-bootstrap',
        'type': 'compute.v1.instance',
        'properties': {
            'disks': [{
                'autoDelete': True,
                'boot': True,
                'initializeParams': {
                    'diskSizeGb': context.properties['root_volume_size'],
                    'sourceImage': context.properties['image']
                }
            }],
            'machineType': 'zones/' + context.properties['zone'] + '/machineTypes/' + context.properties['machine_type'],
            'metadata': {
                'items': [{
                    'key': 'user-data',
                    'value': '{"ignition":{"config":{"replace":{"source":"' + context.properties['bootstrap_ign'] + '","verification":{}}},"timeouts":{},"version":"2.1.0"},"networkd":{},"passwd":{},"storage":{},"systemd":{}}',
                }]
            },
            'networkInterfaces': [{
                'subnetwork': context.properties['control_subnet'],
                'accessConfigs': [{
                    'natIP': '$(ref.' + context.properties['infra_id'] + '-bootstrap-public-ip.address)'
                }]
            }],
            'tags': {
                'items': [
                    context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master',
                    context.properties['infra_id'] + '-bootstrap'
                ]
            },
            'zone': context.properties['zone']
        }
    }]

    return {'resources': resources}

1.8.10. Creating the control plane machines in GCP

You must create the control plane machines in Google Cloud Platform (GCP) for your cluster to use. One way to create these machines is to modify the provided Deployment Manager template.

Note

If you do not use the provided Deployment Manager template to create your control plane machines, you must review the provided information and manually create the infrastructure. If your cluster does not initialize correctly, you might have to contact Red Hat support with your installation logs.

Prerequisites

  • Configure a GCP account.
  • Generate the Ignition config files for your cluster.
  • Create and configure a VPC and associated subnets in GCP.
  • Create and configure networking and load balancers in GCP.
  • Create control plane and compute roles.
  • Create the bootstrap machine.

Procedure

  1. Copy the template from the Deployment Manager template for control plane machines section of this topic and save it as 05_control_plane.py on your computer. This template describes the control plane machines that your cluster requires.
  2. Export the following variables needed by the resource definition:

    $ export MASTER_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_EMAIL=`gcloud iam service-accounts list | grep "^${INFRA_ID}-master-node " | awk '{print $2}'`
    $ export MASTER_IGNITION=`cat master.ign`
  3. Create a 05_control_plane.yaml resource definition file:

    $ cat <<EOF >05_control_plane.yaml
    imports:
    - path: 05_control_plane.py
    
    resources:
    - name: cluster-control-plane
      type: 05_control_plane.py
      properties:
        infra_id: '${INFRA_ID}' 1
        zones: 2
        - '${ZONE_0}'
        - '${ZONE_1}'
        - '${ZONE_2}'
    
        control_subnet: '${CONTROL_SUBNET}' 3
        image: '${CLUSTER_IMAGE}' 4
        machine_type: 'n1-standard-4' 5
        root_volume_size: '128'
        service_account_email: '${MASTER_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_EMAIL}' 6
    
        ignition: '${MASTER_IGNITION}' 7
    EOF
    1
    infra_id is the INFRA_ID infrastructure name from the extraction step.
    2
    zones are the zones to deploy the control plane instances into, for example us-east1-b, us-east1-c, and us-east1-d.
    3
    control_subnet is the selfLink URL to the control subnet.
    4
    image is the selfLink URL to the RHCOS image.
    5
    machine_type is the machine type of the instance, for example n1-standard-4.
    6
    service_account_email is the email address for the master service account that you created.
    7
    ignition is the contents of the master.ign file.
  4. Create the deployment by using the gcloud CLI:

    $ gcloud deployment-manager deployments create ${INFRA_ID}-control-plane --config 05_control_plane.yaml
  5. The templates do not manage DNS entries due to limitations of Deployment Manager, so you must add the etcd entries manually:

    $ export MASTER0_IP=`gcloud compute instances describe ${INFRA_ID}-m-0 --zone ${ZONE_0} --format json | jq -r .networkInterfaces[0].networkIP`
    $ export MASTER1_IP=`gcloud compute instances describe ${INFRA_ID}-m-1 --zone ${ZONE_1} --format json | jq -r .networkInterfaces[0].networkIP`
    $ export MASTER2_IP=`gcloud compute instances describe ${INFRA_ID}-m-2 --zone ${ZONE_2} --format json | jq -r .networkInterfaces[0].networkIP`
    $ if [ -f transaction.yaml ]; then rm transaction.yaml; fi
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction start --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction add ${MASTER0_IP} --name etcd-0.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}. --ttl 60 --type A --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction add ${MASTER1_IP} --name etcd-1.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}. --ttl 60 --type A --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction add ${MASTER2_IP} --name etcd-2.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}. --ttl 60 --type A --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction add \
      "0 10 2380 etcd-0.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}." \
      "0 10 2380 etcd-1.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}." \
      "0 10 2380 etcd-2.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}." \
      --name _etcd-server-ssl._tcp.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}. --ttl 60 --type SRV --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction execute --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone
  6. The templates do not manage load balancer membership due to limitations of Deployment Manager, so you must add the control plane machines manually:

    $ gcloud compute target-pools add-instances ${INFRA_ID}-api-target-pool --instances-zone="${ZONE_0}" --instances=${INFRA_ID}-m-0
    $ gcloud compute target-pools add-instances ${INFRA_ID}-api-target-pool --instances-zone="${ZONE_1}" --instances=${INFRA_ID}-m-1
    $ gcloud compute target-pools add-instances ${INFRA_ID}-api-target-pool --instances-zone="${ZONE_2}" --instances=${INFRA_ID}-m-2
    $ gcloud compute target-pools add-instances ${INFRA_ID}-ign-target-pool --instances-zone="${ZONE_0}" --instances=${INFRA_ID}-m-0
    $ gcloud compute target-pools add-instances ${INFRA_ID}-ign-target-pool --instances-zone="${ZONE_1}" --instances=${INFRA_ID}-m-1
    $ gcloud compute target-pools add-instances ${INFRA_ID}-ign-target-pool --instances-zone="${ZONE_2}" --instances=${INFRA_ID}-m-2

1.8.10.1. Deployment Manager template for control plane machines

You can use the following Deployment Mananger template to deploy the control plane machines that you need for your OpenShift Container Platform cluster:

05_control_plane.py Deployment Manager template

def GenerateConfig(context):

    resources = [{
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-m-0',
        'type': 'compute.v1.instance',
        'properties': {
            'disks': [{
                'autoDelete': True,
                'boot': True,
                'initializeParams': {
                    'diskSizeGb': context.properties['root_volume_size'],
                    'diskType': 'zones/' + context.properties['zones'][0] + '/diskTypes/pd-ssd',
                    'sourceImage': context.properties['image']
                }
            }],
            'machineType': 'zones/' + context.properties['zones'][0] + '/machineTypes/' + context.properties['machine_type'],
            'metadata': {
                'items': [{
                    'key': 'user-data',
                    'value': context.properties['ignition']
                }]
            },
            'networkInterfaces': [{
                'subnetwork': context.properties['control_subnet']
            }],
            'serviceAccounts': [{
                'email': context.properties['service_account_email'],
                'scopes': ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform']
            }],
            'tags': {
                'items': [
                    context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master',
                ]
            },
            'zone': context.properties['zones'][0]
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-m-1',
        'type': 'compute.v1.instance',
        'properties': {
            'disks': [{
                'autoDelete': True,
                'boot': True,
                'initializeParams': {
                    'diskSizeGb': context.properties['root_volume_size'],
                    'diskType': 'zones/' + context.properties['zones'][1] + '/diskTypes/pd-ssd',
                    'sourceImage': context.properties['image']
                }
            }],
            'machineType': 'zones/' + context.properties['zones'][1] + '/machineTypes/' + context.properties['machine_type'],
            'metadata': {
                'items': [{
                    'key': 'user-data',
                    'value': context.properties['ignition']
                }]
            },
            'networkInterfaces': [{
                'subnetwork': context.properties['control_subnet']
            }],
            'serviceAccounts': [{
                'email': context.properties['service_account_email'],
                'scopes': ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform']
            }],
            'tags': {
                'items': [
                    context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master',
                ]
            },
            'zone': context.properties['zones'][1]
        }
    }, {
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-m-2',
        'type': 'compute.v1.instance',
        'properties': {
            'disks': [{
                'autoDelete': True,
                'boot': True,
                'initializeParams': {
                    'diskSizeGb': context.properties['root_volume_size'],
                    'diskType': 'zones/' + context.properties['zones'][2] + '/diskTypes/pd-ssd',
                    'sourceImage': context.properties['image']
                }
            }],
            'machineType': 'zones/' + context.properties['zones'][2] + '/machineTypes/' + context.properties['machine_type'],
            'metadata': {
                'items': [{
                    'key': 'user-data',
                    'value': context.properties['ignition']
                }]
            },
            'networkInterfaces': [{
                'subnetwork': context.properties['control_subnet']
            }],
            'serviceAccounts': [{
                'email': context.properties['service_account_email'],
                'scopes': ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform']
            }],
            'tags': {
                'items': [
                    context.properties['infra_id'] + '-master',
                ]
            },
            'zone': context.properties['zones'][2]
        }
    }]

    return {'resources': resources}

1.8.11. Wait for bootstrap completion and remove bootstrap resources in GCP

After you create all of the required infrastructure in Google Cloud Platform (GCP), wait for the bootstrap process to complete on the machines that you provisioned by using the Ignition config files that you generated with the installation program.

Prerequisites

  • Configure a GCP account.
  • Generate the Ignition config files for your cluster.
  • Create and configure a VPC and associated subnets in GCP.
  • Create and configure networking and load balancers in GCP.
  • Create control plane and compute roles.
  • Create the bootstrap machine.
  • Create the control plane machines.

Procedure

  1. Change to the directory that contains the installation program and run the following command:

    $ ./openshift-install wait-for bootstrap-complete --dir=<installation_directory> \ 1
        --log-level info 2
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.
    2
    To view different installation details, specify warn, debug, or error instead of info.

    If the command exits without a FATAL warning, your production control plane has initialized.

  2. Delete the bootstrap resources:

    $ gcloud compute target-pools remove-instances ${INFRA_ID}-api-target-pool --instances-zone="${ZONE_0}" --instances=${INFRA_ID}-bootstrap
    $ gcloud compute target-pools remove-instances ${INFRA_ID}-ign-target-pool --instances-zone="${ZONE_0}" --instances=${INFRA_ID}-bootstrap
    $ gsutil rm gs://${INFRA_ID}-bootstrap-ignition/bootstrap.ign
    $ gsutil rb gs://${INFRA_ID}-bootstrap-ignition
    $ gcloud deployment-manager deployments delete ${INFRA_ID}-bootstrap

1.8.12. Creating additional worker machines in GCP

You can create worker machines in Google Cloud Platform (GCP) for your cluster to use by launching individual instances discretely or by automated processes outside the cluster, such as Auto Scaling Groups. You can also take advantage of the built-in cluster scaling mechanisms and the machine API in OpenShift Container Platform.

In this example, you manually launch one instance by using the Deployment Manager template. Additional instances can be launched by including additional resources of type 06_worker.py in the file.

Note

If you do not use the provided Deployment Manager template to create your worker machines, you must review the provided information and manually create the infrastructure. If your cluster does not initialize correctly, you might have to contact Red Hat support with your installation logs.

Prerequisites

  • Configure a GCP account.
  • Generate the Ignition config files for your cluster.
  • Create and configure a VPC and associated subnets in GCP.
  • Create and configure networking and load balancers in GCP.
  • Create control plane and compute roles.
  • Create the bootstrap machine.
  • Create the control plane machines.

Procedure

  1. Copy the template from the Deployment Manager template for worker machines section of this topic and save it as 06_worker.py on your computer. This template describes the worker machines that your cluster requires.
  2. Export the following variables needed by the resource definition:

    $ export COMPUTE_SUBNET=`gcloud compute networks subnets describe ${INFRA_ID}-worker-subnet --region=${REGION} --format json | jq -r .selfLink`
    $ export WORKER_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_EMAIL=`gcloud iam service-accounts list | grep "^${INFRA_ID}-worker-node " | awk '{print $2}'`
    $ export WORKER_IGNITION=`cat worker.ign`
  3. Create a 06_worker.yaml resource definition file:

    $ cat <<EOF >06_worker.yaml
    imports:
    - path: 06_worker.py
    
    resources:
    - name: 'w-a-0' 1
      type: 06_worker.py
      properties:
        infra_id: '${INFRA_ID}' 2
        zone: '${ZONE_0}' 3
    
        compute_subnet: '${COMPUTE_SUBNET}' 4
        image: '${CLUSTER_IMAGE}' 5
        machine_type: 'n1-standard-4' 6
        root_volume_size: '128'
        service_account_email: '${WORKER_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_EMAIL}' 7
    
        ignition: '${WORKER_IGNITION}' 8
    EOF
    1
    name is the name of the worker machine, for example w-a-0.
    2
    infra_id is the INFRA_ID infrastructure name from the extraction step.
    3
    zone is the zone to deploy the worker machine into, for example us-east1-b.
    4
    compute_subnet is the selfLink URL to the compute subnet.
    5
    image is the selfLink URL to the RHCOS image.
    6
    machine_type is the machine type of the instance, for example n1-standard-4.
    7
    service_account_email is the email address for the worker service account that you created.
    8
    ignition is the contents of the worker.ign file.
  4. Optional: If you want to launch additional instances, include additional resources of type 06_worker.py in your 06_worker.yaml resource definition file.
  5. Create the deployment by using the gcloud CLI:

    $ gcloud deployment-manager deployments create ${INFRA_ID}-worker --config 06_worker.yaml

1.8.12.1. Deployment Manager template for worker machines

You can use the following Deloyment Manager template to deploy the worker machines that you need for your OpenShift Container Platform cluster:

06_worker.py Deployment Manager template

def GenerateConfig(context):

    resources = [{
        'name': context.properties['infra_id'] + '-' + context.env['name'],
        'type': 'compute.v1.instance',
        'properties': {
            'disks': [{
                'autoDelete': True,
                'boot': True,
                'initializeParams': {
                    'diskSizeGb': context.properties['root_volume_size'],
                    'sourceImage': context.properties['image']
                }
            }],
            'machineType': 'zones/' + context.properties['zone'] + '/machineTypes/' + context.properties['machine_type'],
            'metadata': {
                'items': [{
                    'key': 'user-data',
                    'value': context.properties['ignition']
                }]
            },
            'networkInterfaces': [{
                'subnetwork': context.properties['compute_subnet']
            }],
            'serviceAccounts': [{
                'email': context.properties['service_account_email'],
                'scopes': ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform']
            }],
            'tags': {
                'items': [
                    context.properties['infra_id'] + '-worker',
                ]
            },
            'zone': context.properties['zone']
        }
    }]

    return {'resources': resources}

1.8.13. Logging in to the cluster

You can log in to your cluster as a default system user by exporting the cluster kubeconfig file. The kubeconfig file contains information about the cluster that is used by the CLI to connect a client to the correct cluster and API server. The file is specific to a cluster and is created during OpenShift Container Platform installation.

Prerequisites

  • Deploy an OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
  • Install the oc CLI.

Procedure

  1. Export the kubeadmin credentials:

    $ export KUBECONFIG=<installation_directory>/auth/kubeconfig 1
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.
  2. Verify you can run oc commands successfully using the exported configuration:

    $ oc whoami
    system:admin

1.8.14. Approving the CSRs for your machines

When you add machines to a cluster, two pending certificates signing request (CSRs) are generated for each machine that you added. You must confirm that these CSRs are approved or, if necessary, approve them yourself.

Prerequisites

  • You added machines to your cluster.

Procedure

  1. Confirm that the cluster recognizes the machines:

    $ oc get nodes
    
    NAME      STATUS    ROLES   AGE  VERSION
    master-0  Ready     master  63m  v1.16.2
    master-1  Ready     master  63m  v1.16.2
    master-2  Ready     master  64m  v1.16.2
    worker-0  NotReady  worker  76s  v1.16.2
    worker-1  NotReady  worker  70s  v1.16.2

    The output lists all of the machines that you created.

  2. Review the pending certificate signing requests (CSRs) and ensure that the you see a client and server request with Pending or Approved status for each machine that you added to the cluster:

    $ oc get csr
    
    NAME        AGE     REQUESTOR                                                                   CONDITION
    csr-8b2br   15m     system:serviceaccount:openshift-machine-config-operator:node-bootstrapper   Pending 1
    csr-8vnps   15m     system:serviceaccount:openshift-machine-config-operator:node-bootstrapper   Pending
    csr-bfd72   5m26s   system:node:ip-10-0-50-126.us-east-2.compute.internal                       Pending 2
    csr-c57lv   5m26s   system:node:ip-10-0-95-157.us-east-2.compute.internal                       Pending
    ...
    1
    A client request CSR.
    2
    A server request CSR.

    In this example, two machines are joining the cluster. You might see more approved CSRs in the list.

  3. If the CSRs were not approved, after all of the pending CSRs for the machines you added are in Pending status, approve the CSRs for your cluster machines:

    Note

    Because the CSRs rotate automatically, approve your CSRs within an hour of adding the machines to the cluster. If you do not approve them within an hour, the certificates will rotate, and more than two certificates will be present for each node. You must approve all of these certificates. After you approve the initial CSRs, the subsequent node client CSRs are automatically approved by the cluster kube-controller-manager. You must implement a method of automatically approving the kubelet serving certificate requests.

    • To approve them individually, run the following command for each valid CSR:

      $ oc adm certificate approve <csr_name> 1
      1
      <csr_name> is the name of a CSR from the list of current CSRs.
    • To approve all pending CSRs, run the following command:

      $ oc get csr -o go-template='{{range .items}}{{if not .status}}{{.metadata.name}}{{"\n"}}{{end}}{{end}}' | xargs oc adm certificate approve

1.8.15. Optional: Adding the ingress DNS records

If you removed the DNS Zone configuration when creating Kubernetes manifests and generating Ignition configs, you must manually create DNS records that point at the ingress load balancer. You can create either a wildcard *.apps.{baseDomain}. or specific records. You can use A, CNAME, and other records per your requirements.

Prerequisites

  • Configure a GCP account.
  • Remove the DNS Zone configuration when creating Kubernetes manifests and generating Ignition configs.
  • Create and configure a VPC and associated subnets in GCP.
  • Create and configure networking and load balancers in GCP.
  • Create control plane and compute roles.
  • Create the bootstrap machine.
  • Create the control plane machines.
  • Create the worker machines.

Procedure

  1. Wait for the Ingress router to create a load balancer and populate the EXTERNAL-IP field:

    $ oc -n openshift-ingress get service router-default
    NAME             TYPE           CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP      PORT(S)                      AGE
    router-default   LoadBalancer   172.30.18.154   35.233.157.184   80:32288/TCP,443:31215/TCP   98
  2. Add the A record to your public and private zones:

    $ export ROUTER_IP=`oc -n openshift-ingress get service router-default --no-headers | awk '{print $4}'`
    
    $ if [ -f transaction.yaml ]; then rm transaction.yaml; fi
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction start --zone ${BASE_DOMAIN_ZONE_NAME}
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction add ${ROUTER_IP} --name \*.apps.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}. --ttl 300 --type A --zone ${BASE_DOMAIN_ZONE_NAME}
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction execute --zone ${BASE_DOMAIN_ZONE_NAME}
    
    $ if [ -f transaction.yaml ]; then rm transaction.yaml; fi
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction start --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction add ${ROUTER_IP} --name \*.apps.${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}. --ttl 300 --type A --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone
    $ gcloud dns record-sets transaction execute --zone ${INFRA_ID}-private-zone

    If you prefer to add explicit domains instead of using a wildcard, you can create entries for each of the cluster’s current routes:

    $ oc get --all-namespaces -o jsonpath='{range .items[*]}{range .status.ingress[*]}{.host}{"\n"}{end}{end}' routes
    oauth-openshift.apps.your.cluster.domain.example.com
    console-openshift-console.apps.your.cluster.domain.example.com
    downloads-openshift-console.apps.your.cluster.domain.example.com
    alertmanager-main-openshift-monitoring.apps.your.cluster.domain.example.com
    grafana-openshift-monitoring.apps.your.cluster.domain.example.com
    prometheus-k8s-openshift-monitoring.apps.your.cluster.domain.example.com

1.8.16. Completing a GCP installation on user-provisioned infrastructure

After you start the OpenShift Container Platform installation on Google Cloud Platform (GCP) user-provisioned infrastructure, you can monitor the cluster events until the cluster is ready.

Prerequisites

  • Deploy the bootstrap machine for an OpenShift Container Platform cluster on user-provisioned GCP infrastructure.
  • Install the oc CLI and log in.

Procedure

  1. Complete the cluster installation:

    $ ./openshift-install --dir=<installation_directory> wait-for install-complete 1
    
    INFO Waiting up to 30m0s for the cluster to initialize...
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.
    Important

    The Ignition config files that the installation program generates contain certificates that expire after 24 hours. You must keep the cluster running for 24 hours in a non-degraded state to ensure that the first certificate rotation has finished.

  2. Observe the running state of your cluster.

    1. Run the following command to view the current cluster version and status:

      $ oc get clusterversion
      NAME      VERSION   AVAILABLE   PROGRESSING   SINCE   STATUS
      version             False       True          24m     Working towards 4.3.0-0: 99% complete
    2. Run the following command to view the Operators managed on the control plane by the Cluster Version Operator (CVO):

      $ oc get clusteroperators
      NAME                                       VERSION   AVAILABLE   PROGRESSING   DEGRADED   SINCE
      authentication                             4.3.0-0   True        False         False      6m18s
      cloud-credential                           4.3.0-0   True        False         False      17m
      cluster-autoscaler                         4.3.0-0   True        False         False      80s
      console                                    4.3.0-0   True        False         False      3m57s
      dns                                        4.3.0-0   True        False         False      22m
      image-registry                             4.3.0-0   True        False         False      5m4s
      ingress                                    4.3.0-0   True        False         False      4m38s
      insights                                   4.3.0-0   True        False         False      21m
      kube-apiserver                             4.3.0-0   True        False         False      12m
      kube-controller-manager                    4.3.0-0   True        False         False      12m
      kube-scheduler                             4.3.0-0   True        False         False      11m
      machine-api                                4.3.0-0   True        False         False      18m
      machine-config                             4.3.0-0   True        False         False      22m
      marketplace                                4.3.0-0   True        False         False      5m38s
      monitoring                                 4.3.0-0   True        False         False      86s
      network                                    4.3.0-0   True        False         False      14m
      node-tuning                                4.3.0-0   True        False         False      6m8s
      openshift-apiserver                        4.3.0-0   True        False         False      6m48s
      openshift-controller-manager               4.3.0-0   True        False         False      12m
      openshift-samples                          4.3.0-0   True        False         False      67s
      operator-lifecycle-manager                 4.3.0-0   True        False         False      15m
      operator-lifecycle-manager-catalog         4.3.0-0   True        False         False      15m
      operator-lifecycle-manager-packageserver   4.3.0-0   True        False         False      6m48s
      service-ca                                 4.3.0-0   True        False         False      17m
      service-catalog-apiserver                  4.3.0-0   True        False         False      6m18s
      service-catalog-controller-manager         4.3.0-0   True        False         False      6m19s
      storage                                    4.3.0-0   True        False         False      6m20s
    3. Run the following command to view your cluster Pods:

      $ oc get pods --all-namespaces
      NAMESPACE                                               NAME                                                                READY     STATUS      RESTARTS   AGE
      kube-system                                             etcd-member-ip-10-0-3-111.us-east-2.compute.internal                1/1       Running     0          35m
      kube-system                                             etcd-member-ip-10-0-3-239.us-east-2.compute.internal                1/1       Running     0          37m
      kube-system                                             etcd-member-ip-10-0-3-24.us-east-2.compute.internal                 1/1       Running     0          35m
      openshift-apiserver-operator                            openshift-apiserver-operator-6d6674f4f4-h7t2t                       1/1       Running     1          37m
      openshift-apiserver                                     apiserver-fm48r                                                     1/1       Running     0          30m
      openshift-apiserver                                     apiserver-fxkvv                                                     1/1       Running     0          29m
      openshift-apiserver                                     apiserver-q85nm                                                     1/1       Running     0          29m
      ...
      openshift-service-ca-operator                           openshift-service-ca-operator-66ff6dc6cd-9r257                      1/1       Running     0          37m
      openshift-service-ca                                    apiservice-cabundle-injector-695b6bcbc-cl5hm                        1/1       Running     0          35m
      openshift-service-ca                                    configmap-cabundle-injector-8498544d7-25qn6                         1/1       Running     0          35m
      openshift-service-ca                                    service-serving-cert-signer-6445fc9c6-wqdqn                         1/1       Running     0          35m
      openshift-service-catalog-apiserver-operator            openshift-service-catalog-apiserver-operator-549f44668b-b5q2w       1/1       Running     0          32m
      openshift-service-catalog-controller-manager-operator   openshift-service-catalog-controller-manager-operator-b78cr2lnm     1/1       Running     0          31m

    When the current cluster version is AVAILABLE, the installation is complete.

1.8.17. Next steps

1.9. Uninstalling a cluster on GCP

You can remove a cluster that you deployed to Google Cloud Platform (GCP).

1.9.1. Removing a cluster that uses installer-provisioned infrastructure

You can remove a cluster that uses installer-provisioned infrastructure from your cloud.

Prerequisites

  • Have a copy of the installation program that you used to deploy the cluster.
  • Have the files that the installation program generated when you created your cluster.

Procedure

  1. From the computer that you used to install the cluster, run the following command:

    $ ./openshift-install destroy cluster \
    --dir=<installation_directory> --log-level=info 1 2
    1
    For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.
    2
    To view different details, specify warn, debug, or error instead of info.
    Note

    You must specify the directory that contains the cluster definition files for your cluster. The installation program requires the metadata.json file in this directory to delete the cluster.

  2. Optional: Delete the <installation_directory> directory and the OpenShift Container Platform installation program.

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