6.2. Block Storage Installation Overview
Block storage functionality is provided in OpenStack by three separate services collectively referred to as the Block Storage service or
cinder. The three services are:
- The API service (
openstack-cinder-api) - The API service provides a HTTP endpoint for block storage requests. When an incoming request is received the API verifies identity requirements are met and translates the request into a message denoting the required block storage actions. The message is then sent to the message broker for processing by the other Block Storage services.
- The scheduler service (
openstack-cinder-scheduler) - The scheduler service reads requests from the message queue and determines on which block storage host the request must be actioned. The scheduler then communicates with the volume service on the selected host to process the request.
- The volume service (
openstack-cinder-volume) - The volume service manages the interaction with the block storage devices. As requests come in from the scheduler, the volume service creates, modifies, and removes volumes as required.
Although the three services can be co-located in a production environment, it is more common to deploy many instances of the volume service with one or more instances of the API and scheduler services managing them.
Deploying the Block Storage service is made up of three major phases:
- Preparing for Block Storage Installation
- Steps that must be performed before installing any of the Block Storage services. These procedures include the creation of identity records, the database, and a database user.
- Common Block Storage Configuration
- Steps that are common to all of the Block Storage services and as such must be performed on all block storage nodes in the environment. These procedures include configuring the services to refer to the correct database and message broker. Additionally, they include the initialization and population of the database which must only be performed once but can be performed from any of the block storage systems.
- Volume Service Specific Configuration
- Steps that are specific to systems that will be hosting the volume service and as such require direct access to block storage devices.
